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- Network Working Group M. Crawford
- Request for Comments: 2019 Fermilab
- Category: Standards Track October 1996
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- A Method for the Transmission of IPv6 Packets over FDDI Networks
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
- Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
- Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
- and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Introduction
-
- This memo specifies the MTU and frame format for transmission of IPv6
- [IPV6] packets on FDDI networks, including a method for MTU
- determination in the presence of 802.1d bridges to other media. It
- also specifies the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses on
- FDDI networks and the content of the Source/Target Link-layer Address
- option used the the Router Solicitation, Router Advertisement,
- Neighbor Solicitation, and Neighbor Advertisement messages described
- in [DISC], when those messages are transmitted on an FDDI network.
-
- Maximum Transmission Unit
-
- FDDI permits a frame length of 4500 octets (9000 symbols), including
- at least 22 octets (44 symbols) of Data Link encapsulation when
- long-format addresses are used. Subtracting 8 octets of LLC/SNAP
- header, this would, in principle, allow the IPv6 packet in the
- Information field to be up to 4470 octets. However, it is desirable
- to allow for the variable sizes and possible future extensions to the
- MAC header and frame status fields. The default MTU size for IPv6
- packets on an FDDI network is therefore 4352 octets. This size may
- be reduced by a Router Advertisement [DISC] containing an MTU option
- which specifies a smaller MTU, or by manual configuration of a
- smaller value on each node. If a Router Advertisement is received
- with an MTU option specifying an MTU larger than the default or the
- manually configured value, that MTU option may be logged to system
- management but must be otherwise ignored.
-
- For purposes of this document, information received from DHCP is
- considered "manually configured".
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 1]
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- RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996
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- Frame Format
-
- FDDI provides both synchronous and asynchronous transmission, with
- the latter class further subdivided by the use of restricted and
- unrestricted tokens. Only asynchronous transmission with
- unrestricted tokens is required for FDDI interoperability.
- Accordingly, IPv6 packets shall be sent in asynchronous frames using
- unrestricted tokens. The robustness principle dictates that nodes
- should be able to receive synchronous frames and asynchronous frames
- sent using restricted tokens.
-
- IPv6 packets are transmitted in LLC/SNAP frames, using long-format
- (48 bit) addresses. The data field contains the IPv6 header and
- payload and is followed by the FDDI Frame Check Sequence, Ending
- Delimiter, and Frame Status symbols.
-
- +-------+ ^
- | FC | |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ |
- | Destination FDDI address | |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ FDDI
- | Source FDDI address | header
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ |
- | DSAP | SSAP | CTL | OUI | |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ |
- | Ethertype | v
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
- | IPv6 header and payload ... /
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
-
- FDDI Header Fields:
-
- FC The Frame Code must be in the range 50 to 57 hexadecimal,
- inclusive, with the three low order bits indicating the
- frame priority. The Frame Code should be in the range 51 to
- 57 hexadecimal, inclusive, for reasons given in the next
- section.
-
- DSAP, SSAP Both the DSAP and SSAP fields shall contain the value AA
- hexadecimal, indictating SNAP encapsulation.
-
- CTL The Control field shall be set to 03 hexadecimal, indicating
- Unnumbered Information.
-
- OUI The Organizationally Unique Identifier shall be set to
- 000000 hexadecimal.
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 2]
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- RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996
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- Ethertype The ethernet protocol type ("ethertype") shall be set to the
- value 86DD hexadecimal.
-
- Interaction with Bridges
-
- 802.1d MAC bridges which connect different media, for example
- Ethernet and FDDI, have become very widespread. Some of them do IPv4
- packet fragmentation and/or support IPv4 Path MTU discovery [PMTU],
- many others do not, or do so incorrectly. Use of IPv6 in a bridged
- mixed-media environment should not depend on support from MAC
- bridges.
-
- For correct operation when mixed media are bridged together, the
- smallest MTU of all the media must be advertised by routers in an MTU
- option. If there are no routers present, this MTU must be manually
- configured in each node which is connected to a medium with larger
- default MTU. Multicast packets on such a bridged network must not be
- larger than the smallest MTU of any of the bridged media. Often, the
- subnetwork topology will support larger unicast packets to be
- exchanged between certain pairs of nodes. To take advantage of
- high-MTU paths when possible, nodes transmitting IPv6 on FDDI should
- implement the following simple mechanism for "FDDI adjacency
- detection".
-
- A node which implements FDDI adjacency detection and has it enabled
- on an FDDI interface must set a non-zero LLC priority in all Neighbor
- Advertisement, Neighbor Solicitation and, if applicable, Router
- Advertisement frames transmitted on that interface. (In IEEE 802
- language, the user_priority parameter of the M_UNITDATA.request
- primitive must not be zero.) If FDDI adjacency detection has been
- disabled on an FDDI interface, the priority field of those frames
- must be zero.
-
- Note that an IPv6 frame which originated on an Ethernet, or traversed
- an Ethernet, before being translated by an 802.1d bridge and
- delivered to a node's FDDI interface will have zero in the priority
- field, as required by [BRIDGE]. (There's a fine point here: a
- conforming bridge may provide a management-settable Outbound User
- Priority parameter for each port. However, the author is unaware of
- any product that provides this optional capability and, in any case,
- the default value for the parameter is zero.)
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 3]
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- RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996
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-
- If a node N1 receives, in an FDDI frame with a non-zero LLC priority,
- a valid Router Advertisement, Neighbor Advertisement, or Neighbor
- Solicitation from a node N2, then N1 may send unicast IPv6 packets to
- N2 with sizes up to the default IPv6 FDDI MTU (4352 octets),
- regardless of any smaller MTU configured manually or received in a
- Router Advertisement MTU option. N2 may be the IPv6 destination or
- the next hop router to the destination.
-
- Nodes implementing FDDI adjacency detection must provide a
- configuration option to disable the mechanism. This option may be
- used when a smaller MTU is desired for reasons other than mixed-media
- bridging. By default, FDDI adjacency detection should be enabled.
-
- The only contemplated use of the LLC priority field of the FC octet
- is to aid in per-destination MTU determination. It would be
- sufficient for that purpose to require only that Router
- Advertisements, Neighbor Advertisements, and Neighbor Solicitations
- sent on FDDI always have non-zero priority. However, it may be
- simpler or more useful to transmit all IPv6 packets on FDDI with
- non-zero priority.
-
- Stateless Autoconfiguration and Link-Local Addresses
-
- The address token [CONF] for an FDDI interface is the interface's
- built-in 48-bit IEEE 802 address, in canonical bit order and with the
- octet in the same order in which they would appear in the header of
- an ethernet frame. (The individual/group bit is in the first octet
- and the OUI is in the first three octets.) A different MAC address
- set manually or by software should not be used as the address token.
-
- An IPv6 address prefix used for stateless autoconfiguration of an
- FDDI interface must be 80 bits in length.
-
- The IPv6 Link-local address [AARCH] for an FDDI interface is formed
- by appending the interface's IEEE 802 address to the 80-bit prefix
- FE80::.
-
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
- | FE 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
- | 00 00 | FDDI Address |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 4]
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- RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996
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- Address Mapping -- Unicast
-
- The procedure for mapping IPv6 addresses into FDDI link-layer
- addresses is described in [DISC]. The Source/Target Link-layer
- Address option has the following form when the link layer is FDDI.
-
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
- | Type |Length | FDDI Address |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
-
- Option fields:
-
- Type 1 for Source Link-layer address.
- 2 for Target Link-layer address.
-
- Length 1 (in units of 8 octets).
-
- FDDI Address
- The 48 bit FDDI IEEE 802 address, in canonical bit order.
- This is the address the interface currently responds to, and
- may be different from the built-in address used as the
- address token.
-
- Address Mapping -- Multicast
-
- An IPv6 packet with a multicast destination address DST is
- transmitted to the FDDI multicast address whose first two octets are
- the value 3333 hexadecimal and whose last four octets are the last
- four octets of DST, ordered from more to least significant.
-
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
- | 33 | 33 | DST13 | DST14 | DST15 | DST16 |
- +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 5]
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- RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996
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- Security Considerations
-
- Security considerations are not addressed in this memo.
-
- Acknowledgments
-
- Erik Nordmark contributed to the method for interaction with bridges.
-
- References
-
- [AARCH] Hinden, and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
- Architecture", RFC 1884, December 1995.
-
- [BRIDGE]ISO/IEC 10038 : 1993 [ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D] Media access
- control (MAC) bridges.
-
- [CONF] Thomson, S., and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address
- Autoconfiguration", RFC 1971, August 1996.
-
- [DISC] Narten, T., Nordmark, E., and W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery
- for IP Version 6 (IPv6), RFC 1970, August 1996.
-
- [IPV6] Deering, S., and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
- (IPv6) Specification", RFC 1883, August 1996.
-
- [PMTU] Mogul, J., and S. Deering, "Path MTU Discovery", RFC 1191,
- November 1990.
-
- Author's Address
-
- Matt Crawford
- Fermilab MS 368
- PO Box 500
- Batavia, IL 60510
- USA
-
- Phone: +1 708 840-3461
-
- EMail: crawdad@fnal.gov
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 6]
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