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- Network Working Group A. Barbir
- Request for Comments: 1993 Gandalf
- Category: Informational D. Carr
- Newbridge
- W. Simpson
- DayDreamer
- August 1996
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- PPP Gandalf FZA Compression Protocol
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- Status of this Memo
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- This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
- not specify an Internet standard. Distribution of this memo is
- unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard method for
- transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links.
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- The PPP Compression Control Protocol [2] provides a method to
- negotiate and utilize compression protocols over PPP encapsulated
- links.
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- This document describes the use of the Gandalf FZA data compression
- algorithm [3] for compressing PPP encapsulated packets.
-
- Table of Contents
-
- 1. Introduction .......................................... 1
- 1.1 Licensing ....................................... 1
- 2. FZA Packets ........................................... 2
- 2.1 Packet Format ................................... 3
- 3. Configuration Option Format ........................... 4
- SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS ...................................... 4
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................. 5
- REFERENCES ................................................... 5
- CONTACTS ..................................................... 5
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page i]
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- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
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- 1. Introduction
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- FZA is a high performance LZ [4] derivative that maximizes
- compression at the expense of memory and CPU. Compression
- performance can be adjusted based on CPU and memory available.
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- Multiple PPP packets can be combined in a single compressed frame, or
- a single PPP packet can be spread across multiple frames.
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- 1.1. Licensing
-
- Source and object licenses are available on a non-discriminatory
- basis for either a royalty or fixed price arrangement. Patent
- indemnity is included with the license.
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 1]
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- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
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- 2. FZA Packets
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- Before any FZA packets may be communicated, PPP must reach the
- Network-Layer Protocol phase.
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- When the Compression Control Protocol (CCP) has reached the Opened
- state, and FZA is negotiated as the primary compression algorithm,
- the PPP Protocol field indicates type hex 00FB (link compressed
- datagram), or type hex 00FD (compressed datagram).
-
- The maximum length of the FZA datagram transmitted over a PPP link is
- the same as the maximum length of the Information field of a PPP
- encapsulated packet.
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- Padding
-
- The FZA packets require the negotiation of the Self-Describing-
- Padding Configuration Option [5] at LCP Link Establishment.
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- Reliability and Sequencing
-
- The FZA algorithm expects a reliable link, as described in "PPP
- Reliable Transmission" [6].
-
- FZA expects the packets to be delivered in sequence.
-
- Data Expansion
-
- The maximum expansion of Gandalf FZA is 2:1. However, typical
- expansion on pre-compressed data is 1.01:1. Expanded data is sent
- to maintain the integrity of the compression history.
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- When the expansion exceeds the size of the peer's Maximum Receive
- Unit for the link, the expanded packet is sent in multiple PPP
- frames. The compressed data contains an indication of the end of
- the original packet.
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 2]
-
- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
-
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- 2.1. Packet Format
-
- A summary of the Gandalf FZA packet format is shown below. The
- fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | PPP Protocol | Compressed Data ...
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- PPP Protocol
-
- One or two octets. The PPP Protocol field is described in the
- Point-to-Point Protocol Encapsulation [1].
-
- Type 00FD is used when the PPP multilink protocol is not used,
- and/or "inside" a multilink bundle. Type 00FB is used "outside"
- multilink, to compress independently on individual links of a
- multilink bundle. This value MAY be compressed when LCP
- Protocol-Field-Compression is negotiated.
-
- Compressed Data
-
- One or more octets. The compressed PPP encapsulated packet(s).
-
- Prior to compression, the uncompressed data begins with the
- original PPP Protocol number. This value MAY be compressed when
- LCP Protocol-Field-Compression is negotiated.
-
- The original Protocol number is followed by the original
- Information field. The length of the original Information field
- before compression MUST NOT exceed the link Maximum Receive Unit
- (MRU).
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- PPP Link Control Protocol packets MUST NOT be sent within
- compressed data.
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 3]
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- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
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- 3. Configuration Option Format
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- Description
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- The CCP Gandalf-FZA Configuration Option negotiates the use of
- Gandalf FZA on the link. By default or ultimate disagreement, no
- compression is used.
-
- A summary of the Gandalf-FZA Configuration Option format is shown
- below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length | History | Version ...
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- Type
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- 19
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- Length
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- >= 3
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- History
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- One octet. The History field specifies the maximum size of the
- compression history in powers of 2. Valid values range from 12 to
- 15.
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- The peer is not required to send as many histories as the
- implementation indicates that it can accept.
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- Version
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- Zero or more octets of additional configuration information. Any
- implementation that does not implement this information MUST send
- a Configure-Nak without this field.
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- The Version field is not present for FZA.
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- The Version field is a single octet containing the value 1 for
- FZA+.
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- Security Considerations
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- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 4]
-
- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
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- Acknowledgements
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- FZA was developed by David Carr while at Gandalf Data Limited.
-
- FZA+ was an improvement by Abbie Barbir.
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- Editting and formatting by William Simpson.
-
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- References
-
- [1] Simpson, W., Editor, "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD
- 51, RFC 1661, DayDreamer, July 1994.
-
- [2] Rand, D., "The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP)", RFC
- 1962, Novell, June 1996.
-
- [3] Barbir, A., "A New Fast Approximate Arithmetic Coder",
- Proceedings of IEEE 28th SouthEastern Symposium on Systems
- Theory (SSST), Baton Rouge, Louisiana, pages 482-486, April
- 1996.
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- [4] Lempel, A. and Ziv, J., "A Universal Algorithm for Sequential
- Data Compression", IEEE Transactions On Information Theory,
- Vol. IT-23, No. 3, May 1977.
-
- [5] Simpson, W., Editor, "PPP LCP Extensions", RFC 1570,
- DayDreamer, January 1994.
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- [6] Rand, D., "PPP Reliable Transmission", RFC 1663, Novell, July
- 1994.
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- Contacts
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- Licensing queries should be directed to:
-
- Michael Williams
- Director of Business Development
- Gandalf Data Limited
- 130 Colonnade Road South
- Napean, Ontario, Canada K2E 7M4
- (613) 274-6500 ext 6575
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 5]
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- RFC 1993 Gandalf FZA August 1996
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- Comments should be submitted to the ietf-ppp@merit.edu mailing list.
-
- This document was reviewed by the Point-to-Point Protocol Working
- Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
-
- The working group can be contacted via the current chair:
-
- Karl Fox
- Ascend Communications
- 3518 Riverside Drive, Suite 101
- Columbus, Ohio 43221
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- karl@MorningStar.com
- karl@Ascend.com
-
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- Questions about this memo can also be directed to:
-
- Abdulkader Barbir
- Gandalf Data Limited
- 130 Colonnade Road South
- Napean, Ontario, Canada K2E 7M4
- (613) 274-6500 ext 8550
-
- abarbir@gandalf.ca
-
-
- Questions about this memo should not be directed to:
-
- Dave Carr
- Newbridge Networks Corporation
- 600 March Road
- P.O. Box 13600
- Kanata, Ontario, Canada, K2K 2E6
-
- dcarr@newbridge.com
-
- William Allen Simpson
- DayDreamer
- Computer Systems Consulting Services
- 1384 Fontaine
- Madison Heights, Michigan 48071
-
- wsimpson@UMich.edu
- wsimpson@GreenDragon.com (preferred)
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- Barbir, Carr & Simpson [Page 6]
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