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- Network Working Group A. Cargille
- Request for Comments: 1648 University of Wisconsin
- Category: Standards Track July 1994
-
-
- Postmaster Convention for X.400 Operations
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
- Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
- Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
- and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- Both STD 11, RFC 822 [1] and STD 3, RFC 1123 [2] (Host Requirements)
- require that the email address "postmaster" be supported at all
- hosts. This paper extends this concept to X.400 mail domains which
- have registered RFC 1327 mapping rules, and which therefore appear to
- have normal RFC822-style addresses.
-
- 1. Postmaster Convention in RFC822
-
- Operating a reliable, large-scale electronic mail (email) network
- requires cooperation between many mail managers and system
- administrators. As noted in RFC 822 [1], often mail or system
- managers need to be able to contact a responsible person at a remote
- host without knowing any specific user name or address at that host.
- For that reason, both RFC 822 and the Internet Host Requirements [2]
- require that the address "postmaster" be supported at every Internet
- host.
-
- 2. Postmaster Convention and X.400
-
- However, RFC 822 is not the only email protocol being used in the
- Internet. Some Internet sites are also running the X.400 (1984) [3]
- and X.400 (1988) [4] email protocols. RFC 1327 specifies how to map
- between X.400 and RFC 822 addresses [5]. When mapping rules are
- used, addresses map cleanly between X.400 and RFC 822. In fact, it
- is impossible to determine by inspecting the address whether the
- recipient is an RFC 822 mail user or an X.400 mail user.
-
- A paper by Rob Hagens and Alf Hansen describes an X.400 community
- known as the "Global Open MHS Community" (GO-MHS) [6]. Many mail
- domains in the GO-MHS Community have registered RFC 1327 mapping
- rules. Therefore, users in those domains have RFC 822-style email
-
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- Cargille [Page 1]
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- RFC 1648 X.400 Postmaster Convention July 1994
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- addresses, and these email domains are a logical extension of the RFC
- 822 Internet. It is impossible to tell by inspecting a user's
- address whether the user receives RFC 822 mail or X.400 mail.
-
- Since these addresses appear to be standard RFC 822 addresses, mail
- managers, mailing list managers, host administrators, and users
- expect to be able to simply send mail to "postmaster@domain" and
- having the message be delivered to a responsible party. When an RFC
- 1327 mapping rule exists, the X.400 address element corresponding to
- the left-hand-side "postmaster" is "Surname=Postmaster" (both 1984
- and 1988). However, neither the X.400 protocols, North America X.400
- Implementor's Agreements [7], nor the other regional X.400
- implementor's agreements require that "Surname=Postmaster" and
- "CommonName=Postmaster" be supported. (Supporting these addresses is
- recommended in X.400 (1988)).
-
- For mapped X.400 domains which do not support the postmaster
- address(es), this means that an address such as "user@some.place.zz"
- might be valid, yet mail to the corresponding address
- "postmaster@some.place.zz" fails. This is frustrating for remote
- administrators and users, and can prevent operational problems from
- being communicated and resolved. In this case, the desired seamless
- integration of the Internet RFC 822 mail world and the mapped X.400
- domain has not been achieved.
-
- The X.400 mail managers participating in the Cosine MHS Project
- discussed this problem in a meeting in June 1992 [8]. The discussion
- recognized the need for supporting the postmaster address at any
- level of the address hierarchy where these are user addresses.
- However, the group only required supporting the postmaster address
- down to certain levels of the O/R Address tree. This approach solved
- part of the problem, but not all of it. A more complete solution is
- required.
-
- 3. Proposed Solution
-
- To fully achieve the desired seamless integration of email domains
- for which RFC 1327 mapping rules have been defined, the following
- convention must be followed,
-
- If there are any valid addresses of the form "user@domain", then
- the address "postmaster@domain" must also be valid.
-
- To express this in terms of X.400: For every X.400 domain for which
- an RFC 1327 mapping rule exists, if any address of the form
-
- Surname=User; <Other X.400 Address Elements>
-
-
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- RFC 1648 X.400 Postmaster Convention July 1994
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-
- is a valid address, then the address
-
- Surname=Postmaster; <Same X.400 Address Elements>
-
- must also be a valid address. If the X.400 system is running
- X.400(1988), then the address
-
- CommonName=Postmaster; <Same X.400 Address Elements>
-
- must also be supported. (Note that CommonName=Postmaster will not be
- generated by RFC 1327 mappings, but it is recommended in the 1988
- X.400 standard).
-
- To remain consistent with RFC 822, "Mail sent to that address is to
- be routed to a person responsible for the site's mail system or to a
- person with responsibility for general site operation." [9].
-
- 3.1. Software Limitations
-
- If software is unable to support this requirement, it should be
- upgraded. X.400 software developers are strongly encouraged and
- requested to support forwarding mail to a centralized postmaster
- mailbox in products.
-
- It may be possible to support forwarding postmaster mail to a central
- mailbox in software packages which do not explicitly support it by
- applying work-around solutions. For example, some packages support
- creating a mailing list for "postmaster" which has one entry that
- points to the desired centralized postmaster mailbox. Alternatively,
- it may be possible to support a postmaster address using the X.400
- Autoforwarding feature. The software package may also support
- rewriting the address in some other way.
-
- 4. Acknowledgements
-
- This document is a product of discussion and comments from the IETF
- OSI X.400 Operations Working Group. Helpful input was also received
- from the European MHS Managers. Special thanks to Marko Kaittola and
- Erik Lawaetz for good criticism and helpful discussion.
-
- Security Considerations
-
- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
-
-
-
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- RFC 1648 X.400 Postmaster Convention July 1994
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- 5. Author's Address
-
- Allan Cargille
- Associate Researcher
- Computer Sciences Department
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- 1210 West Dayton Street
- Madison, WI 53706 USA
-
- Internet: cargille@cs.wisc.edu
- X.400: S=Cargille; O=UW-Madison; OU1=cs; PRMD=xnren; ADMD= ; C=us;
-
- Phone: +1 (608) 262-5084
- Fax: +1 (608) 262-9777
-
- 6. References
-
- [1] Crocker, D., "Standard of the Format of ARPA Internet Text
- Messages", STD 11, RFC 822, UDEL, August 1982.
-
- [2] Braden, R., "Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Application and
- Support", STD 3, RFC 1123, USC/Information Sciences Institute,
- October 1989.
-
- [3] CCITT, "CCITT Recommendations X.400", Message Handling Systems:
- System Model--Service Elements, 1984.
-
- [4] CCITT/ISO, "CCITT Recommendations X.400/ ISO IS 10021-1", Message
- Handling: System and Service Overview, December 1988.
-
- [5] Kille, S., "Mapping between X.400(1988) / ISO 10021 and RFC 822",
- RFC 1327, University College London, May 1992.
-
- [6] Hagens, R. and A. Hansen, "Operational Requirements for X.400
- Management Domains in the GO-MHS Community," ANS, UNINETT, RFC
- 1649, July 1994.
-
- [7] U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
- Technology, Stable Implementation Agreements for Open Systems
- Interconnection Protocols, Version 7, Edition 1, Special
- Publication 500-214, December 1993.
-
- [8] Minutes, Cosine MHS Managers Meeting, June 1992, (unpublished).
-
- [9] Crocker, D., "Standard of the Format of ARPA Internet Text
- Messages", STD 11, RFC 822, UDEL, Pg. 33, August 1982.
-
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