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- Network Working Group V. Cerf
- Request for Comments #163 19 May 71
- NIC #6775 UCLA - NMC
- Categories: D.7 Computer Science
- Updates: None
- Obsoletes: None
-
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- DATA TRANSFER PROTOCOLS
-
- This is an informal statement of material discussed at the SJCC. There
- are two peoblems.
-
- 1. Movement of data from one site to another.
- 2. Interpretation of the data at receiving site.
-
- The first task (1) requires a simple protocol which accomplishes the
- following
-
- 1) Standard connection procedure for connecting
- transmitting and receiving processes
-
- 2) Standard packaging which allows network to
- collect the transmitted data stream in the
- right order and know when the end of the
- file has been reached.
-
- Standard Connection Procedure
-
- Suppose every HOST has a process charged with the responsibility of
- sending and receiving files between -HOSTS-(processes?)[The Data
- Manager]. If the Data Manager offers to listen on a given socket for
- file xmt requests, then ICP is sufficient to establish a connection
- between a serving Data Manager and a using process.
-
- We have completely avoided the discussion of data interpretation, and
- also the problem of control. For instance, we have not said how a
- process can ask the Data Manager to send a file of a par- ticular name,
- nor how to end the transmission of a file. This is deferred for later.
-
- Another desirable ability is to have processes transmit files to each
- other independent of the HOST Data Manager. ICP should suffice, for the
- creation of a full duplex connection. File naming, and format
- interpretation are left to the individual process to solve.
-
- It is of interest to note that files need not have names. If two
- processes are connected, then the file name is in a sense implicit in
- the sending and receiving socket pair. One imagines, however, that
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- [Page 1]
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- connections with Data Managers for the purpose of file transmission are
- too transient to serve as permanent file names, so information about
- file name will be needed by the Data Manager. This information could be
- supplied either embedded in the file transmission data stream, or
- supplied over a separate control connection established at ICP time.
-
- It seems reasonable that a Data Manager have a network-wide, fixed
- socket number on which it is listening to service data transmission
- requests.* In this sense, it acts much like the Network Logger. For
- inter-process file transmission, less rigidity seems called for, and we
- can leave such decisions to the individual peocesses communicating with
- each other. Public processes at serving HOSTS could have known (nia
- NIC?) sockets over which file transmission is acceptable.
-
- Standard Packaging
-
- We naively imagine that very little in the way of formatting is needed
- to move data across the connection. A few bits (8?) at the beginning of
- transmission could specify the formatting protocol (e.g. arbitrary bit
- string until connection closed, count field + data, break chars, etc.)
- Depending on the selected format mode, the appropriate control bits will
- or will not appear interspersed betweeen the data bits. Message
- boundaries are totally transparent.
-
- A way of ending the file, possibly without closing the connection, is
- useful, although closing the connection after the RFNM from final
- "record" sent is received by the sending process might be adequate
- (sufficient, but not palatable?)
-
- ----
- *ICP causes sockets to be dynamically assigned for the ensuing
- conversation (which might be all 1-way).
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- [Page 2]
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- Control
-
- A great many problems come up if the Data Manager serves as a part of
- the HOST filling system. For example, the Data Manager must know
- whether the process it is serving wants to send a file or receive one.
- In either case, some sort of file name + qualifiers (user ID, security
- codes, access requested, etc.) will be needed to resolve the usual
- access legality, and potential file name ambiguities. This information
- can be supplied either within a single full duplex data stream (1 per
- ICP request) established by a modified ICP for data transmission. The
- former seems simplier, sufficient, and immediately implementable.
-
- Data transmission between arbitrary processes probably does not need as
- much formal control protocol as process-to/from-DM (data Manager)
- connection. Ad hoc procedures can be established by trading information
- on previously established connections; regularity is nice, so perhaps a
- standard set of control protocols can be devised which work, regardless
- of the identity of the processes transmitting data. Control data must
- be formatted and probably identifiable by prefix codes so that
- unnecessary control information can be left out if desired. (I am
- thinking specifically of file names.)
-
- It remains to establish a set of format protocols which permit packaging
- of data and identification of control information. This should be the
- task of the renamed Data Transmission Committee.
-
- [ This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry ]
- [ into the online RFC archives by Simone Demmel 5/97 ]
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- [Page 3]
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