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- [Phile 1.5]
-
-
- Other Fone Information
- ======================
-
- Voltages & Technical Stuff
- --------------------------
- When your telephone is ON-HOOK, there is 48 volts of DC across the tip
- and the ring. When the handset of a fone is lifted a few switches close
- which cause a loop to become connected between you and the fone company, or
- OFF-HOOK. This is also known as the local loop. Once this happens, the DC
- current is able to flow through your fone with less resistance. This causes
- a relay to energize which causes other CO equipment to realize that you
- want service. Eventually, you will end up with a dial tone. This also
- causes the 48 VDC to drop down to around 12 VDC. The resistance of the loop
- also drops below the 2500 ohm level; FCC licensed telephone equipment must
- have an OFF-HOOK impedance of 600 ohms.
- When your fone rings, the telco sends 90 volts of pulsing AC down the
- line at around 15-60 Hz, usually 20 Hz. In most cases, this causes a metal
- armature to be attracted alternately between two electromagnets; thus, the
- armature often ends up striking two bells of some sort, the ring you often
- hear when non-electronic fones receive a call. Today, these mechanical
- ringers can be replaced with more modern electronic bells and other
- annoying signaling devices, which also explains why deaf people can have
- lights and other equipment attached to their fones instead of ringers.
- When you dial on a fone, there are two common types of dialing, pulse
- and DTMF. If you are like me, you probably don't like either and thought
- about using MF or blue box tones. Dialing rotary breaks and makes
- connections in the fone loop, and the telco uses this to signal to their
- equipment that you are placing a call. Since it is one fone that is
- disconnecting and reconnecting the fone line, if someone else picks up
- another fone on the same extension, both cannot make pulse fone calls until
- one hangs up. DTMF, on the other hand, is a more modern piece of equipment
- and relies on tones generated by a keypad, which can be characterized by a
- 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9/A,B,C,D keypad. Most fones don't have an A,B,C,D
- keypad, for these frequencies are used by the telco for test and other
- purposes.
-
-
- Scanning Phun Fone Stuff
- ------------------------
- Scanning is the act of either randomly or sequentially dialing fone
- numbers in a certain exchange when you are looking for several different
- things. These things could be carriers, extenders, ANI, "bug tracers,"
- loops, as well as many other interesting "goodies" the fone company uses
- for test purposes.
- When scanning for carriers, your local BBS probably has some scanning
- programs, as these became popular after the movie WARGAMES, but what these
- do are to call every fone in an exchange, or a specified range of fone
- numbers in certain exchanges to look for possible carriers and other
- interesting computer equipment. So, if your computer finds a carrier, or
- what seems like a carrier, it will either print it out or save it in some
- file for later reference. With these carriers one finds, one can either
- call them and find out what each is or, if one of them is interesting, one
- can hack or attempt to break into some interesting systems available, not
- to the general public, of course.
- Scanning telephone "goodies" requires time and patience. These goodies
- usually cannot be traced by most unmodified modems, as the frequencies and
- voice transmissions cannot be differentiated from other disturbances, such
- as the annoying operator saying, "We're sorry... blah blah..". Anyway, to
- scan these, you usually get a regular carrier scanner and, with the modem
- speaker on, sit by your wonderful computer and listen in on the scanning
- for any interesting tones, voices, or silences, which could be telco fone
- phun numbers, for us of course! Then write these down, and spread them
- around, use, abuze, etc. if you dare. Anyway, most telefone goodies are
- located in the 99xx suffixes of any fone exchange. If you found everything
- you think in the exchanges you have scanned, try the 0xxx and 1xxx suffixes
- in that order. You might even find loops, ANI, and other phun things if you
- mess around enough.
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