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- The M.E.D's intermediate guide to British Telecommunications
- \//ritten, Typed & Conceived by iNFERNO.. 24^11^95
-
-
- The oldest telephone services that need concern any phreak are the ALSUs,
- ALSU stands for Analogue Local Switching Unit, the exchange types these
- include are;
-
- 1. Strowger (TXS)
- 2. Crossbar (TXK1)
- 3. Electronic (TXE2,TXE4)
-
- The first two, Strowger and Crossbar, are extremely rare in the modern
- network, although deviations of them may exist (i think Hatch End in London
- runs on a TXK3 which is a slightly modernised crossbar system). The
- electronic exchanges, TXEx, are fairly common, TXE4 more so than the TXE2
- because it can enhanced to provide digital exchange customer facilitesand
- work in union with digital exchanges.
-
- 4. Digital (System X, AXE10, 5ESS, UXD5, DMS)
-
- The most common digital exchanges are System X and AXE10 (also knownas
- SYSTEM Y). The other three are used in more specific situations for
- specific facilites. A digital system is basically totally trnic, which
- means there are no moving parts and the infomation is transferred digitally
- (when you speak into the phone, you voice is processed into binary form at
- the exchange, and coverted back to analogue at the other end, which gives a
- very good quality sound and reduces the need for repeater stations) The
- older TXS and TXK1 systems work upon a mechanical system, which are purely
- analogue, whilst their brother electronic analogue TXE systems,are
- obviously, electronic in their function, although, as I mentioned before,
- they can be enhanced, not to offer a digital service but the same sortof
- facilites that a digital exchange may give. I will now go into more detail
- with some of the exchanges :
-
- -[* The Electronic TXEs *]-------------------------------------------------
-
- Types of TXE ; TXE - Telephone Exchange - Electronic
- TXE4 - Telephone Exchange - Electronic (4)
- TXE4A - TXE4 - Cost reduced
- TXEE - TXE Enhancement
-
- TXE4s cannot support a high bit rate (for example, high-speed fax cannot
- be used across a TXE4), neither do they support ISDN functions, for these
- reasons, British Telecom are quickly updating all TXE4s. TXEx use a system
- called COMFORTE, which stands for Computers For Telephone Exchanges, this
- centers around an exchange processor which stores infomation and commands
- parts of the TXE switch. It runs on a ICL DRS300 mircocomputer situated
- inside the exchange. It is connected to a local-area network in the
- building (so it can be access from any computer in there), the Public
- Telephone Network and the Packet Switched Network. I could go into great
- detail about how this system works, but it's not too relavant to this
- phile.
-
- -[* The DiGITAL Systems *]-------------------------------------------------
-
- Types of digital system; SYS X - System X, manufactured by GEC/Plessy.
- AXE10 - System Y, manufactured by Ericsson's of Sweden in Britain.
- 5ESS - An AT&T/Phillips system, used for the Digital Derived Services
- Network (which control the 0800,0345,0898 etc numbers) and as an
- international exchange.
- UXD5 - Small digital exchange used in rural areas, it's manufactured by GPC
- and is derived from the `MONARCH' PABX.
-
- A simple theoretical digital system only needs;
-
- 1. Customer Access - Connects any customer to the exchange,
- 2. Junction Access - Connects any junction to the exchange,
- 3. Switch - Connects any combination of customers and junctions together,
- 4. Control - Ensures the correct operation of all the above.
-
- System X systems are built up from a number of modules, called subsystems.
- This is refered to as `Modular Design'. Each subsystem carries a particular
- function and is connected to the other subsystems. Modules can be upgraded
- individually without the need to upgrade the rest of the system in orderto
- cope.
-
-