The Hacker's Encyclopedia 1998

home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search

/ The Hacker's Encyclopedia 1998 / hackers_encyclopedia.iso / etc / misc / howchips.txt < prev next >

Wrap

Text File | 2003-06-11 | 45.3 KB | 2,121 lines

=============================================================================== What you need to know about electronics telecards =============================================================================== Version 1.18 (Last revised: 08-09-1995) (C) Stephane BAUSSON - (93,94,95) 4, Rue de Grand F-88630 Chermisey France ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> Any suggestions or comments about phonecards and smartcards are welcome <<< ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This file is archived at nic.funet.fi:/pub/doc/telecom/phonecard/chips Thanks to the following people: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Kimble XRed xxxxxx@etsit.upv.es Proux Jean-Philippe ## proux@idr l@hut.fi Gerrit Telkamp ## telkamp@eis.cs.tu-bs.de Martin Schulte ## schulte@thp.Uni-Koeln.DE Georges Zotos ## picard@hol.ath.forthnet.gr Ales "MCA" Markarov ## xmarkarov@sun.felkcvut.cz Toni Cebrian ## acebrian@etsit.upv.es Document History: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ V1.18 : New coutries: Argentina, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Croatia, Djibouti, Gambia, Hungary, Mali, Mexico (Telmex), Morocco, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, St Maarten, Slovakia. V1.17 : Greek Serial Number added. V1.16 : German Telefonkarte Serial Number. V1.15 : New readers (Telecards+ISO7816 cards). V1.14 : New 512 bit Greek telecards + modification of Mexican cards. V1.13 : Checksums for french cards + modification for 'G+D' spanish cards. V1.12 : Chip builder code added. V1.11 : Croatian cards added. V1.10 : Romanian telecards added. V1.09 : Spanish card reading. V1.08 for greek cards. V1.07 : Modification of the 5 stage octal counter for 128 bit cards. V1.06 : Schematic of a new reader [DELETED]. V1.02 : Introduction of the German cards. V1.00 : First version of the document. Glossary of terms: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [TBC] : to be confirmed [TBD] : to be defined b(i) : Bit i B(I) : Byte I x^y : x at the power y (in mathematical expresssions) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Content * ~~~~~~~~~~~ I ) The 1st generation Telecards: 1.1 - Introduction: 1.2 - SCHEMATICS of the chip: 1.3 - PINOUT of the connector: 1.4 - Main features: 1.5 - TIME DIAGRAMS: 1.6 - Memory Map for cards from FRANCE and MONACO: 1.7 - Memory Map for cards from other countries: 1.8 - Memory Map for cards from SPAIN, CROATIA and MEX II ) The 2nd and 3rd generations Telecards: 2.1 - Introduction: 2.2 - Pinout: 2.3 - Main features: 2.4 - Time Diagrams: 2.5 - Memory Map: 2.5.1 - Memory Map for 5 satge octal unit counter: 2.5.2 - Memory Map for 4 satge octal unit counter: 2.5.3 - Memory Map for new 512 bit Greek telecards 2.6 - Electrical features: III) Schematics of Readers: 3.1 - Reader 1 (very simple one, only for telecards) 3.2 - Reader 2 (for telecards and ISO7816 cards too) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I ) The 1st generation Telecards: ============================ 1.1 - Introduction: ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Since the middle of 80's have appeared a new generation of cards ( the smart-cards or chip cards ) that have replaced most of the magnetics cards applications notably for telecom payement an e magnetics cards, and there are several kind of cards following the application. The simplier ones are the Simple Memory cards like the one used as Telecard for the telecom payement in the public phone-booths ( Generaly all the memory content is readable, and there is a maker-area that is unwritable ) , then there are more sofisticated cards: Memeory Cards with some area read protected by a key, these cards can contain some private informations in the read-protected area. At the end there are microprocessor-cards (cards working following the ISO-7816 protocol), that are the safiest ones since these cards have their own internal Operating System that prevent I/O if the PIN (Personal Idenfication Number) has not been ent- -ered in the cards before ( These cards are used when confidentiality is needed, like in credit cards (bank), crypted TV access cards, health cards, SIM cards for GSM, etc ... ). About tele the less safe ones, don't think that you are going to phone freely for that, in fact no. All the data are readable since there are no confidential data inside, the cards are well done enough to be very secure for the payement of telecom communications in public booth. So, what is a phonecard exactly ? In fact generaly it's a 256 bits EPROM ( French likde cards ), or a 128 bits EEPROM (German like cards) with a serial output and some other control pins. Then why can it not be refilled ? Well, indeed to refill the card you will have to erase the cards with UV, knowing that the cards is coated in UV opaqued resin that prevent UV from reaching the silicium chip, and even if you could to erase the chip you will have to program the manufactuer area that is write-protected by a lock-out fuse that was fused after the card programming in factory. Neithertheless it can be very interesting to study how kind of data are inside and how the data are maped inside or to see how many units are left inside for exemple. Besides there are a great number of applications of these cards when there are used (only for personal use of course) , since you can use them as key to open a door, or you can also use them as key to secure a program, etc .... French Telecards have been created in 1984 and at this time constructors decided to build these cards in NMOS technology but now, they plan to change by 1994 all readers in the public booths and use CMOS technology. Also they plan to use EEPROM to secure the cards and to add many usefull infornations in, and you will perhaps use phone cards to buy you bread or any thing else. These cards are called Second Generation Telecards. 1.2 - SCHEMATICS of the chip: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .-----------------. --|>_ Clk | --| R/W --| Fuse | --| Vpp | '-, ,-' .-'-------------'-. | Out |-- serial output '-----------------' 1.3 - PINOUT of the connector: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ AFNOR CHIP ---------- Afnor Position ISO position (in the left top corner) (in the middle left) ,-------------+-------------, ,-------------+-------------, | 8 | 4 | | 1 | 5 | +-------\ | /-------+ +-------\ | /-------+ | 7 +----+----+ 3 | | 2 +----+ + 6 | +--------| |--------+ +--------| |--------+ | 6 + +----+ 2 | | 3 +----+----+ 7 | +-------/ | \-------+ | 5 | 1 | | 4 | 8 | '-------------+-------------' '-------------+-------------' NB: only the position of the chip is ISO standardized and not the pinout. PINOUT: 1 : Vcc = 5V 5 : Gnd ~~~~~~ 2 : R/W 6 : Vpp = 21V (*) 3 : Clock 7 : I/O 4 : RAS 8 : Fus (*) (*) Not used with the new G+D cards compatible with the 256 bit memory Exemple: spannish G+D cards. 1.4 - Main features: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - Synchronous protocol. - N-MOS technology or CMOS for the new ones. - 256x1 bit organisation. - 96 written protected by a lock-out fuse. - Low power 85mW in read mode. - 21 V programming voltage. - Access time: 500ns - Operating range: -10°C +70°C - Ten year data rentention. 1.5 - Tim lumberger, Solaic, Gemplus ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +21V _____________ +5V ____________________________________| |_________________ VPP : : +5V ___________________:_____________:_________________ ___ 0V ________________| : : RST : : : +5V ____ : ____ : ______:______ 0V ___| |_______:_____| |________:______| : |__________ CLK : : : : : : : : : +5V : : : : : :______:______: : _ 0V ___:____:_______:_____:____:________| : |______:__________ R/W : : : : : : : : : +5V : : :_____: :________: : : :__ X_____XXXXXX________XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX__________ OUT : : : : : :<-----><---->: : : : : : : :10 to 10 to : : : : : : :50 ms 50ms : Reset Bit 1 Bit2 Bit 3 card reading reading Bit2 writing to 1 reading NOTE: Vpp Idle state is 5V, thus Vpp will have to be connected to Vcc to read the card. b - Cards from G+D (Spanish cards labeled with the 5th byte = $30) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +5V ___________________________________________________ ___ 0V ________________| RST +5V ____ ____ _____________ 0V ___| |_____________| |_______________| |__________ CLK : : : : : : _____:______ : _ 0V ___:____:_____________:____:________| : |______:__________ R/W : : : : : : : +5V :____:_____________:____:_______________:______:______:__________ 0V XXXX X_____________X X_______________X : X__________ OUT : : : : :<---->: : : : : : : 1 ms : : : : : : : Reset Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 2 Bit 2 card reading reading writing to 1 reading 1.6 - Memory Map for cards from FRANCE, MONACO and St MAARTEN: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Byte (Bit) Hexa +-----+ 1 (1..8) | | --> Checksum for bytes 2, 3, 4 (*) +-----+ | $03 | | $05 | Serial Number (1st byte) + - - + | $80 | --> St Maarten +-----+ 3 (17..24) | | --> Serial Number (2nd byte) +-----+ 4 (25..32) | | --> Serial Number (3rd byte) +-----+ 5 (33..40) | | --> checksum for bytes 6, 7, 8 (*) +-----+ 6 (41..48) | | --> Serial Number (4th byte) +-----+ 7 (49..56) | | --> Serial Number (5th byte) +-----+ 8 (57..64) | | --> ? [TBD] | $FF | --> St Maarten +-----+ 9 (65..72) | | --> checksum for byte 10, 11, 12 (*) +-----+ 10 (73..80) | | --> ? [TBD] | $FF | --> St Maarten +-----+ 11 (81..88) | $10 | --> France and Monaco | $14 | --> St Maarten +-----+ 12 (33..40) | $13 | --> 120 units 0 units +-----+ 13 (97..104) | | --> The units area: each time a unit is used . | | then a bit is set to "1"; Usualy the 1st . | | 10 units are fused in factory for test. . | | . | | . | | 31 (241..248) | | +-----+ 32 (249..256) | $FF | --> $FF is set when all the units are used. +-----+ (*) checksum is calculated by the following expresion: max | min=32*(j-1)+9 $E3 - 4 * Sum b(i) where | max=32*j i=min | and j is the checksum number (1, 2 or 3) NOTE: The card number is the concatenation in a single string of the 5 bytes written in hexadecimal. 1.7 - Memory Map for cards from other countries: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Byte (Bit) Hexa +-- --> Check Sum Byte = 216 - Sum b(i) +-----+ i=9 2 (9..16) | $83 | --> Telecard | $80 | --> Other Applications (See below) | $9A | --> PIAF card [TBC] | $C0 | --> AVANT card [TBC] +-----+-----+ 3-4 (17..32) | $1x | $xx | --> Units+2 | $11 | $52 | --> Exemple for 150u + - - - - - + | $C0 | $25 | --> 120u (Hungary) | $3D | $13 | --> 80u (Morocco) | $DB | $B5 | --> 40u (Morocco) +-----+-----+ 5 (33..40) | $00 | --> Schlumberger | $10 | --> Solaic [TBC] | $30 | --> Gemplus [TBC] (finnish cards) | $40 | --> Gemplus +-----+ 6 (41..48) | | 7 (49..56) | | 8 (57..64) | | --> Serial Number 9 (65..72) | | 10 (73..80) | | Djibouti | | $16 | --> French Polynesia | $11 | $1D | --> French Cinécarte [TBC] | | $1E | --> Sweden | | $30 | --> Norway | | $31 | --> New Caledonia | | $32 | --> Cameroon | | $33 | --> Andorra | | $39 | --> Luxembourg | | $3C | --> Ireland | | $3D | --> Gambia | | $47 | --> Portugal | | $55 | --> Czech Republic / Yougoslavia [TBC] | | $5C | --> Argentina | | $5D | --> Burkina Faso | | $5E | --> Mali | | $5F | --> Gabon | | $65 | --> Finland | | $86 | --> Slovakia | | $E0 | --> Hungary | | $E1 | --> Cameroon (CamTel) | | $E2 | --> Mor .104) | | --> The units area: each time a unit . | | is used, then a bit is set to "1"; . | | . | | The first two units are fused in . | | factory as test. . | | 32 (249..256) | | +-----+ 1.8 - Memory Map for cards from Argentina, Spain, Croatia and Mexico: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The spanish telecards are made from different manufacturers, and these cards should be read and written with a different protocol following the 5th byte of the memory (see subclause 1.6-a for the cards with the 5th byte=$90 and see the subclause 1.6-b for the cards with the 5th byte=$30). Byte (Bit) Binary Hexa +-----------+-----+ 96 1 (1..8) | | | ---> Checksum byte = 216 - Sum b(i) i=9 2 (9..16) | 1000 0011 | $83 | ---> Telecard +-----------+-----+ 3 (17..24) | 1111 1111 | $FF | +-----------+-----+ 4 (25..32) | 1111 1111 | $FF | +-----------+-----+ 5 (33..40) | 1001 0000 | $90 | ---> Oberthur | 1001 1110 | $9E | ---> Oberthur (Argentina) | 0011 0000 | $30 | ---> G+D | 0101 1010 | $5A | ---> Gemplus +-----------+-----+ 6 (41..48) | | | 7 (49..56) | | | ---> Serial Number (*) 8 (57..64) | | | +-----------+-----+-----------+-----+ 9-10 (65..80) | 0001 0100 | $14 | 1000 1010 | $8A | --> 1000 pesetas (spain) | 0010 0101 | $25 | 0000 0100 | $04 | --> 2000 pesetas (spain) | 0010 0101 | $25 | 0000 0110 | $06 | --> 2100 pesetas (spain) | 0001 0100 | $14 | 1100 1010 | $CA | --> N$ 25.00 (Mexico 000 0011 | $03 | --> 25 (Argentina) | 0000 0000 | $00 | 0000 1010 | $0A | --> 100u (Croatia) | 0010 1010 | $2A | 0010 0101 | $85 | --> 1000u (Croatia) +-----------+-----+-----------+-----+ 11 (81..88) | 0001 1110 | $1E | +-----------+-----+ 12 (89..96) | 0010 0010 | $22 | --> Spain | 0010 0100 | $24 | --> Mexico | 0010 0110 | $26 | --> Croatia | 0010 1000 | $28 | --> Argentina +-----------+-----+ 13 (97..104) | 1111 1111 | $FF | ---> the first 10 units are fused . | 11xx xxxx | $xx | in factory for testing. . | xxxx xxxx | $xx | . | xxxx xxxx | $xx | ---> Slow counter area . | xxxx xxxx | $xx | . +-----------+-----+ . | xxxx xxxx | $xx | . | xxxx xxxx | $xx | ---> Fast counter area 32 (249..256) | xxxx xxxx | $xx | counter area: ---------------------- - Increment: counts units by an increment of 5 pesetas - size: o [b107 ... b206] for 1000 pesetas cards o [b127 ... b166] for 2000 pesetas cards o [b107 ... b166] for 2100 pesetas cards The Fast counter area: ---------------------- - Increment: counts units by an increment of o 10 pesetas for the 1000 pesetas cards o 20 pesetas for the 2000 pesetas cards o 20 pesetas for the 2100 pesetas cards - size: o [b207 ... b256] for the 1000 pesetas cards o [b167 ... b256] for the 2000 pesetas cards o [b167 ... b256] for the 2100 pesetas cards Exemple of an fast units area: (1000 pesetas cards) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 00 -, 0000 0000 | 0000 0000 |-> Unused uni 0011 1110 ---> 14*10 pesetas are used 1000 1110 NB: Several units can be used, in this case only the last unit is set as used, like in the previous exemple, where some units are set to 0 but are nonetheless used. (*) Serial Number for spanish telecards: The serial number for G+D and Gemplus telecards is directly obtained by the following formula: Byte[6]*$10000 + Byte[7]*$100 + Byte[8] 1.9 - Memory Map for Mexican cards from Telmex: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Byte (Bit) Hexa +-----+ 96 1 (1..8) | | ---> Check Sum Byte = 216 - Sum b(i) +-----+ i=9 2 (9..16) | $80 | +-----+ 3 (17..24) | | 4 (25..32) | | | --> Serial Number [TBC] +-----+ 5 (33..40) | $00 | --> Schlumber | $40 | --> Gemplus +-----+ 6 (41..48) | | 7 (49..56) | | --> Serial Number [TBC] 8 (57..64) | | +-----+-----+ 9-10 (65..80) | $41 | $4C | --> 20u | $82 | $8C | --> 40u +-----+-----+ 11-12(81..96) | $32 | $59 | --> Mexico +-----+-----+ 13 (97..104) | | ---> The units area: each time a unit . | | is used, then a bit is set to "1"; . | | . | | The first two units are fused in . | | factory as test. . | | 32 (249..256) | | +-----+ II ) The 2nd and 3rd generation Telecards: ===================================== 2.1 - Introduction: ~~~~~~~~~~~~ These cards are in fact 128 bit memory in NMOS technology, and the map of these cards are the following: 64 t EEPROM (5x8 bits). 24 bits set to "1". 2.2 - Pinout: ~~~~~~ ISO 7816-2 ,-------------+-------------, | 1 | 5 | Pinout: +-------\ | /-------+ ~~~~~~ | 2 +----+ + 6 | 1 : VCC=5V 5 : Gnd +--------| |--------+ 2 : Reset 6 : n.c. | 3 +----+----+ 7 | 3 : Clock 7 : I/O +-------/ | \-------+ 4 : n.c. 8 : n.c. | 4 | 8 | '-------------+-------------' (n.c. : not connected) 2.3 - Main features: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - ISO 7816- 1/2 compatible. - use a single 5V power supply. - low power consuption. - NMOS technology. 2.4 - Time Diagrams: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Reset: ------ The address counter is reset to 0 when the clock line CLK is raised while the control line R is high. Note th o 7. __________________ _____| |_____________________________________________ Reset : : : _____ : _____ _____ _____ _____ _____:_______| |____:_| |_____| |_____| |_____| |_ Clk : : : : : : : : : : : _____:_______:__________:_:_____:_____:_____:_____:_____:_____:_____:_ _____:___n___|_____0____:_|_____1_____|_____2_____|_____3_____|___4_:_(Address) : : : : : : _____: :_______:___________:___________:___________:_ _____XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX_______|___________|___________|___________|_ Data Bit n Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit2 Bit3 The address counter is incremented by 1 with each rising edge of the clock signal Clk, for as long as the control line R remains low. The data held in each addresse h time Clk falls. It is not impossible to decrement the address counter, therefore to address an earlier bit, the address counter must be reset then incremented to require value. Write: ------ All unwritten or erased bits in the address 64-104 may be unwritten to. When a memory cell is unwritten, it is set to 0. The addressed cell is unwritten to by the following sequence. 1- R is raised while Clk is low, to disable address counter increment for one clock pulse. 2- Clk is then raised for a minimum of 10ms to write to the address bit. When to write operation ends, and Clk falls, the address counter is unlocked, and the content of the written cell, which is now 0, is output to I/O contact if the operation is correct. The next Clk pulse will increment the address by one, then the write sequence can be repeated to write the next bit. _____ _____ _____________| |___ ___ Reset : : ___ : _____ ___ : _____ ____| |____:__________| |_________| |_____:__________| |____ Clk : : : : : : : : : ____:________:__________:_____:_________:___:_____:__________:_____:_____ n | n+1 | n+2 | : n+3 | : (Address) ----'--------:----------'-----:---------'---:-----:----------'-----:----- : : : : : : : _________ _: : : ____________: ___: : : _________XXX_XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX____________ XX___XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX I/O n n+1 : : n+1 n+2 : : : : : : write write WriteCarry: ------ performing the WRITECARRY sequence on the stage of the next highest weighing to that to be erased. The writecarry sequence is as follows: 1 - Set the address counter to an unwritten bit in the next highest counter stage to that to be erased. 2 - Increment is disabled on the following rising edge of R where Clk remains low. 3 - Clk is then raised for a minimum of 10ms, while R is low, to write to the next address bit. 4 - R is the raised again while Clk remains low to disable increment a second time. 5 - Clk is the raised for a minimum of 1ms, while R is low, to write to the addressed bit a second time, erasing the counter level immediately below that the addressed bit. _____ _____ ______| |____________________| |_________________________________ Rst : : : _______ : _______ ___ ______:___________ _____ Clk : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : <------------------------- address n ------------------------>:<--- n+1 ------ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ______: : :______: : :__________: _____ ______XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX______XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX__________XX_____ I/O : : n : : n n+1 : : : : Write Erase 2.5 - Memory Map: ~~~~~~~~~~ 2.5.1 - Memory Map for 5 stage octal unit counter: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Byte (Bit) Hexa +-----+-----+ 1-2 (1..16) | $F2 | $2F | - | $80 | $6F | + - - + - - + | $80 | $37 | --> Neitherlands | $80 | $77 | + - - + - - + | $10 | $2B | --> Romania [TBC] +-----+-----+ 3 (17..24) | $FF | --> Germany, Netherlands | $2F | --> Romania [TBC] +-----+ 4 (25..32) | $2A | --> Solaic | $4A | --> ODS | $8A | --> G+D | $CA | --> Gemplus +-----+ 5 (33..40) | | 6 (41..48) | | --> Issuer area (written protected) 7 (49..56) | | (See below) 8 (57..64) | | +-----+ 9 (65..72) | | --> c4096 ) 10 (73..80) | | --> c512 ) 11 (81..88) | | --> c64 ) 5 stage octal counter 12 (89..96) | | --> c8 ) 13 (97..104 | | --> c0 ) +-----+ 14 (105..112) | $FF | 15 (113..120) | $FF | --> a +-----+ 2.5.2 - Memory Map for 4 satge octal unit counter: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Byte (Bit) Binary Hexa +-----------+-----+-----------+-----+ 1-2 (1..16) | 1001 0010 | $92 | 0011 1011 | $3B | ---> Greece | 1001 0100 | $94 | 0011 1011 | $3B | +-----------+-----+-----------+-----+ 3 (17..24) | 1111 1111 | $FF | +-----------+-----+ 4 (25..32) | 0111 1011 | $7B | ---> [TBC] (100 Units identifier?) +-----------+-----+ | | | ---> Serial Number = B(8)*2^24 + B(7)*2^16 + | | | B(6)*2^8 + B(5) 5 (33..40) | | | 6 (41..48) | | | i=8 7 (49..56) | | | with B(I) = Sum {b((I-1)*8+j)}^(8-i) 8 (57..64) | | | i= | | | (Bytes reversed: MSB left, LSB right) +-----------+-----+ 9 (65..72) | | | ---> c512 ) 10 (73..80) | | | ---> c64 ) 11 (81..88) | | | ---> c8 ) 4 stage octal counter 12 (89..96) | | | ---> c0 ) +-----------+-----+ 13 (97..104) | 1111 1111 | $FF | 14 (105..112) | 1111 1111 | $FF | 15 (113..120) | 1111 1111 | $FF | ---> area of bits set to "1" 16 (120..128) | 1111 1111 | $FF | +-----------+-----+ 2.5.3 - Memory Map for new 512 bit Greek telecards ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ For a little time have appeared new Greek telecards built by Gemplus, these cards are 512 bit memory. And it is not clearly explained how the unit area works (Informations are welcome). Byte (Bit) Hexa +-----+-----+ 1-2 (1..16) | $93 | $AB | -- 24) | $FF | +-----+ 4 (25..32) | $7B | --> [TBC] (100 Units Identifier?) +-----+ 5 (33..40) | | --> Serial Number (See before) 6 (41..48) | | 7 (49..56) | | 8 (57..64) | | +-----+ 9 (65..72) | $00 | --> [TBC] 10 (73..80) | $00 | 11 (81..88) | $00 | 12 (89..96) | $00 | +-----+ 13 (97..104) | $FF | 14 (105..112) | $FF | --> area of bits set to "1" 15 (113..120) | $FF | 16 (120..128) | $FF | +-----+ 17 (129..136) | $xx | --> Unit area [TBD] . | | . | | . | | 64 (137..512) | $xx | +-----+ The Issuer area: ---------------- This issuer consists of 40 bits. The contents of the issuer area are specified by the card issuer, and are fixed during the manufacturing process. The contents of the issuer area will include data such area may only be read. Serial Number for german telefonkarte: ------------------------------------- Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7 Byte 8 ,------,------, ,------,------, ,------,------, ,------,------, ,------,------, | <--- | 1010 | | <--- | <--- | | <--- | <--- | | <--- | <--- | | <--- | <--- | '------'------' '------'------' '------'------' '------'------' '------'------' | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1st S.N. 2nd S.N. | 9th S.N. | 7th S.N. | 5th S.N. digit digit | digit | digit | digit | | | 4th S.N. 8th S.N. 6th S.N. digit digit digit the digit is written in reverse binary (MSB right, LSB left) NOTE 2: The Serial Number is the one printed on the back of the card. The last two digit are not coded in the memory [TBC]. The Counter area: ----------------- The counter area stores the card's units. Its initial value is specified by the card issuer and set during manufacturing. The counter area is divided into a 5 stage abacus counter, or 4 stage abacus counter. The octal value of each stage is defined by the number of bits set to '1' and this stage value must be weighted by the coeficient 8^n ( where n is among [4..0] or [3..0]). Exemple: For a 5 stage octal unit counter with 15818 units left. -------- Byte9 Byte10 Byte11 Byte12 Byte13 -------------------------------------------------------------- 00000111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00000001 - 00000011 ------------------------ (3)octal (6)octal (7)octal (1)octal (2)octal -------------------------------------------------------------- Value = 3*8^4 + 6*8^3 + 7*8^2 + 1*8^1 + 2*8^0 -------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL = 15818 Units Exemple of the WRITE and WRITECARRY sequences: --------------------------------------------- b65 ........................................... b104 ---------------------------------------------------- 00000111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00000000 - 00000011 -1 ^ WRITE(b103) 00000111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00000000 - 00000001 -1 ^ WRITE(b104) 00000111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00000000 - 00000000 -1 ^ ^ ^ 00000111 - 00111111 - 00111111 - 11111111 - 00000000 + W 11111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 11111111 + WRITECARRY(b89) 00000111 - 00111111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 01111111 + WRITE(b97) -1 00000111 - 00111111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00111111 + WRITE(b98) -1 00000111 - 00111111 - 00111111 - 01111111 - 00011111 + WRITE(b99) Etc .... Note that you can only decrease the counter and it is not authorised to write in the counter a value greater than the old value. NB: In fact most of the card units don not represent telecom units, but money units, for exmeple in german cards each telecom unit represent 30 pfennigs. 2.6 - Electrical features: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Maximum ratings: ---------------- | Symbol Min Max Unit ---------------------+--------------------------- Supply voltage | Vcc -0.3 6 V ---------------------+--------------------------- Input voltage | Vss ------------- Storage temperature | Tstg -20 +55 °C ---------------------+--------------------------- Power dissipassion | Pd - 50 mW ------------------------------------------------- DC caracteristics: ------------------ | Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit ---------------------------+----------------------------- Suplly current | Icc - - 5 mA ---------------------------+----------------------------- Input Voltage (low) | Vl 0 - 0.8 V ---------------------------+----------------------------- Input voltage (high) | Vh 3.5 - Vcc V ---------------------------+----------------------------- Input current R | Ih - - 100 uA ---------------------------+----------------------------- Input current Clk | Il - - 100 uA ---------------------------+----------------------------- - 10 uA ---------------------------+----------------------------- Output current (Voh=5V) | Ioh - - 0.5 mA --------------------------------------------------------- AC caracteristics: ------------------ | Symbol | Min. | Max. | Unit | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | Pulse duration | tr | 50 | - | us | | R address reset | | | | | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | Pulse duration | ts | 10 | - | us | | R write | | | | | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | High level Clk | th | 8 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | Low level Clk | tl | 12 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | Write window | Twrite | 10 | - | ms | --+------+------+ | Erase window | Terase | 10 | - | ms | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv1 | 5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv2 | 3.5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv3 | 3.5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv4 | 3.5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv5 | 3.5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv6 | 5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv7 | 5 | - | us | +----------------------+--------+------+------+------+ | | tv8 | 10 | - | us ------------------------- III) Schematics of Readers: ======================= 3.1 - Reader 1: ~~~~~~~~~ The following schematics is a very simple one, which will enable you to read all kind of telecards with a chip, and also other memory cards. | +5V | Centronic / Port ,/ C 100nF Presence of *---------------||--------------------, the card | ,-------------+-------------, | Pin10 (Ack) --<--------*-----| 1 | 5 |---*--, R/W | RST +-------\ | /-------+ | Pin4 (d2) -->--------------| 2 +----+ + 6 | | Clock +--------| |--------+ | Pin3 (d1) -->--------------| 3 +----+----+ 7 |---, | RAZ | RFU +-------/ | ---| 4 | 8 | | | '-------------+-------------' | | I/O | | Pin 11 (Busy) --<----------------------------------------------' | Gnd | Pin 25 ----------------------------------------------------' 3.2 - Reader 2: ~~~~~~~~~ This Reader which is indeed a reader/writter will enable you to read/write most of the more current memory cards (and notably telecards), and also smart cards working under ISO7816 protocol (Credit cards, SIM cards, Health cards, Videocrypt TV cards, etc ...). +5V o | *-----------------, | | ,-------------, | + | Vcc | + | K RS 232 1µF === | | === 1µF | / Smartcard '--|C1- M C2-|--' | / Connector RX | A | '-----o' o----*---------------o 1 3 o---------------|TX1 X In2|----------------*---------|---------------o 7 TX | | | ,-------|---------------o 4 2 o----------, -|TX2 2 In1|- 1/3 7406 | | ,-----|---------------o 2 Gnd | | 3 | ,---, ,---, | | | ,---|---------------o 8 7 o-, '----|RX1 2 Out1|--| 1 |o-| 1 |o-* | | | ,-|---------------o 3 | | | '---' '---' | | | | | *---|>|-*-------o 6 """ -|RX2 Out2|- | | | | | | ,-|>|-' ,---o 5 | | | | | | | | | 2xD | +5V + | | + | | | | | *-|----||---* o-||-- | | | | | | | 100nF | 1µF '-------------' 1µF | | | | | | | | """ | | | | | | | | | SUBD 25 """ """ | | | | | | |c PRINTER Port | | | | | | \ | PNP | | | | | | >|---, D0 - (4) RFU (RAZ) | | | | | | / | ,-, 2 o----------------------------------------------|-' | | | | |e | | 10k D1 - (3) CLK ,---, ,---, 1/3 7406 | | | | | | | | 3 o-------------------| 1 |o--| 1 |o-------------|---|-|-* | | '-' D2 - (2) RST (W) '---' '---' | | | | | | | 4 o----------------------------------------------|---' | | | | c \ | NPN D3 - (8) RFU (FUS) | | | | | >|----, 5 o----------------------------------------------|-----' | | | e / | ,-, ,---, 1/6 7406 | | | | | | | 6 o----------------------------| 1 |o--*---------' | | | """ | | D5 (Desativate Oscillator) '---' | 2xD ,---, | | | 10k '-' 7 o------------------------------------|----|<|-*-| 1 |o-' | | | D6 (Vpp Command) | ,-|<|-' '---' | | | 8 o------------------------------------|--|----------------|-|--------------' D7 | | *-|--------, 9 o------x | | | | ,-----'------, ACK (Presence of the card) | '----------------|-|--|Oscillator F| 10o------------------------------------|-------------------' | '------------' BUSY (Synchronous Data Output) | | | 11o------------------------------------' | """ GND | , | | 100uH 1N4935 | """ ,-@@@@@--*-----------|>|--------*----*---------* +21V | | | | | | '---|| BUZ11 or | | | | ,->-|| IRF14 | | | | |---|'--, ,-, | 1nF | | | | 330k| | === | | """ | | | | | | |6 '-' | | | ,------------------, | | +| 220µF | 5| Vcut Ext Vfb |7 | | === +12V >--------*-------| MAX 643 |----*----' | | | LB1 GND COMP | | | | '------------------' ,-, | |8 | |22k | *----||----*-----*-----' '-' | | 10µF | | | | """ """ """ | | ,---------, '----*--| 7805 |--*----> +5V | '---------' | 100nF === | === 100nF '-------*-------' | """ Component List ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Integratyed Circuits -------------------- 1xMAX232 (RS232<-->TTL Adapter) 1xMAX643 (12-->21V Converter Controler) 1x74LS06 (6 inverters) 1x7805 (5V regulator) Transistors Diodes ----------- ------ 1xBUZ11 or IRF14 4x1N4148 or other 1xBC107 or antoher NPN 1x1N49 ther PNP Condensators Resistors Misc ------------ --------- ---- 3x100nF 2x10k 100uH self 1x1nF 1x330k 1xSmartcard connector 1x10µF 1x22k 1xSUBD25 Female 1x220µF 1xSUBD25 Male 4x1µF