Well, many people have asked me "how do i use Telenet".."how do i use an outdial". Well i have decided to write a very basic file on telenet and how to get around on the networks.
Well Telenet and others are PSN's or (Packet Switching Networks) these nets are connected to many other networks around the world. You can do alot with just basic knowledge that i have (most of you will know this and way beyond what i know but some will benefit from it) i will start with some of the terms that are often used with these services.
Access Number- The direct number that you dial to access a network (duh).
Nua (Network Users Address) - An Nua is basicly a number you type in to access that particular service think of an Nua as a phone number sorta its not an actually phone number with an Acn country code or whatever because the service is connected to the network world wide. I hope that was fairly clear let me show this think of the planet earth as an network and to reach the services on the planet you call the phone number like the service is a persons residence or business phone or payphone whatever just like on a network an Nua is the Address to a system or outdial whatever on the particular network. I hope this is clear or atleast somewhat understood.
Nui (Network User Identification) - An Nui is like a Account and Password to the network like an account and password is to a bbs that lets you access the system. Some people use Nui for like anything like an Vax system Unix systems they are referring to an Nui as basicly a account on the particular system that lets you use the system.
DNIC (Data Network Identification Code) - The DNIC is like a 4 digit code that represents what Psn it is think of an DNIC like an AreaCode and the Nua the individual phone number.
Outdial - Is basicly what it says an modem port connected somewhere on the network that will allow you to dial out from and connect data only to a actually phone number not an Nua.
Pad (Packet Assemble Disassembler) - an x.25 pad is very useful an pad using x.25. protocal transmits at 9600 bps to an Nua. This may sound funny but i call them "Launch Pads" heh like with an x.25 you can usally access any Nua on the planet by usally typing the Dnic+Nua.
Now i will explain various things and give helpful ideas.
Let me start off with some helpful things for you to try and do.
TeleNet
The first thing your going to have to have is your Access number it is very easy to get your local access number. Simply call telenet at 1-800-TELENET that is thier customer service number and ask for your dialup the operator will ask for your area code and prefix of your phone number he/she will also ask your baud rate. There are many telenet ports across the country and internationly with varying baud rates from 110 bps (yuck) to 9600 (i wish i had) so you will want your maximum baud port most locations have atleast 1200 many have 2400 and not alot have 9600 ports like for big cities like Detroit and Los Angeles at the end of the file i will list some useful numbers.
Some things to do while online with Telenet and Tymnet. While at the @ on the Telenet system type "mail" or "C mail" or "telemail" or even "c telemail" this access's telenets mail system simple entitled "Telemail" from there it will ask "user name" or something like that type "phones" next it will prompt you "password" enter "phones". The phones service has alot of worthy information it will give you a menu to choose from the rest should be self explanatory. Along with the other information on the phones service there is a complete updated list of all Telenet access numbers which is conveinent. Once you have tried the phones service also on telemail enter "Intl/Associates" as the user name and "Intl" for the international access numbers. If you are calling from overseas somewhere connect with an telenet access number then type this Nua at the telenet @ prompt "311020200142" and enter the username and password.
You might want to pick up a sort of a reference booklet on Telenet simply again call the customer service number and ask them for "How to use Telenet's Asychronus Dial Service" and give them your address which is self explanatory.
Another tidbit of info you would like to know if you already didnt know that Telenet is owned by Us Sprint long distance service.
Tymnet
The same goes for Tymnet service you will first need an Access Number. Simply call Tymnet customer service at 1-800-872-7654 and ask them. Again you might like to get Tymnets reference booklet on how to use there system simply again ask them to send it to you. Once online with a Tymnet access number type "Information" at the user name prompt and you will be connected to another nice thing on tymnet which you have access to all thier Access Numbers also just like the "phones" service on Telenet. Tymnet is owned by "Mcdowell Douglas" corporation. Unlike Telenet where a long distance company owns the network. On Tymnet in the "Information" service there is a very cool option that will provide you with all the Dnic's (Networks) available from Tymnet. You may also want to get that on buffer but for your conveinience i will include a copy of that. The file "Basic.NetworksII" is the complete listing and i would like the Basic.NetworksII file to be accompanied by this file for the most part.
Outdials
Now i will discuss Outdials and tell how to use them. An Outdial on Telenet is an Pcp Port usally. It will enable you to connect data with a carrier. An Outdial is a modem connected up to the network to access the outdial spimply type the outdials Nua. Usally you will need a Nui or Pad to use an Outdial on Telenet just to let you know. Once connected to an Outdial on Telenet type "Ctrl-e" to get into the command mode of the Outdial or if your sharp on your Hayes modem AT command set just issue the commands thru the Outdial besure to type "Atz" when logged in to reset the modem parameters to default values. Outdials range from different baud rates just like what kind of modem is hooked into the Outdial port. This is the basic Telenet Outdial but there are many types a Tymnet Asychronus is a very good Outdial to use like i said there are many different types the above is for Telenet Pcp Outdials which are used most widely.
Scanning Telenet
Well now i will explain how to scan telenet and how to find Pcp outdials etc. When scanning telenet call your Access Number and at the prompt enter the Nua. Plan to scan a certain amount of Nua's in a session wether the number is up to you, usally when i scan i scan in blocks of 100 you can find alot of things while scanning. I will tell how to find pcp outdials, first if your looking for a particular area code for the outdial take the 313 area code for example usally an outdial is in the first 150 numbers scanned so i would suggest if scanning for outdials scan like this..the area code for which you want the outdial two 0's then a three digit number so the scan would look like this...31300001,31300002,31300003 etc.. im sure you get it...along the way you will probably find other neat things. Some things to know when scanning telenet is when you enter an Nua and it freezes like wont do anything send a break signal, for me i use Proterm for the Apple the break signal is open-apple b once the break signal is sent it should go back to a @ prompt again. If you try scanning another nua directly after you broke out from the frozen portion Telenet will give you an error message "Connection Pending" which means it is still looking for the Nua system from which you requested previously. To remedy this situation after the break signal is sent type "d" for disconnect it will then tell you the connection has been terminated. Proceed scanning the Nua continuing where you left off. (Note. you will get the freeze and have to repeat the sequence over and over again as of there are A LOT of Nuas that freeze) Well i bet your asking "how do i know when ive found an outdial?" usally Telenet will respond with a connect message and then nothing try to type "Atz" if it responds "ok" then you have a Outdial port where as Atz is the hayes modem command for reseting the modems paramaters to default settings. Ok now i will explain some things to look for and some wise things to do while scanning and also supply an response key explanations.
Whenever you "Connected" to an Nua write it down no matter what it is make notes of what you find and label them for instance if you encounter any of these messages.
User Name = a Vax System
Login = a Unix system
Primenet = a prime system
Password = something worth noting
Basicly anything that connects take note of this is very useful for finding systems to hack on even though most or all of Telenet has been scanned at one time or another there are always somethings to do! that is a FACT! Be sure to write down all "Refused Collect Connection" also because we must not forget that when we request an Nua that we are asking for a collect call all Nuas inputed on Telenet without an Nui are being paid for by the particlar system requested that is why when an Outdials Nua is requested without any sort of Pad,Nui etc. it will not excecpt the call in all cases i have encountered
Here is a list of Network Messages that Telenet will respond with remember these are for any type of Telenet access the following may appear and a completed explanation.
@ is the network command prompt
? the last entry was invalid
Access Bared - Your connection request does not allow you to connect to this system
Access to This Address not permitted - Your Nui is not authorized to access the address you typed
Attempt Aborted - You enterd the disconnect command (as we said before when it freezes when scanning)
Busy - All the ports,destinations are in use try again later
Collect Wats Call Not Permitted - Collect Wats calls not permitted by your host or authorized by your Nui
Connected - Your terminal has been connected to the Nua system you requested
Connection From - Your terminal has been called by another computer or terminal
Connection Pending - The Network is try to establish a connection with the Nua you requested (enter the d command or "bye" to disconnect the attempt)
Disconnected - Your terminal has been disconnected from the terminal you called
Enhanced Network Services System Error - Your call couldnt be validated contact customer service
Enhanced Network services unavailable at this time - Serivce is temporarily unavailable try again later
Illegal Address - enter the Connect sequence again whether it be an Nua or a system name
Invalid Charge Request - your payment selection is not valid
Invalid User Id or Password - The Nui you entered is not valid
Local Congestion - Your local Access number is busy try again in a couple minutes
Local Disconnect - Your Terminal has been disconnected
Local Network Outage - A temporary problem is preventing you from using the network
Local Procedure Error - Communication problems by the network caused the network to clear your call
Not Available,Not Operating,Not Responding - Your Computer cannot accept your request for connection try later
Not Connected - You have entered a command thai s only valid when connected to a system type "cont" to be brought back into the connection
Not Reachable - A temporary conditon prevents you from using the network
Password - This is the prompt which apprears after youve entered an Nui
*** Possible Data Loss - connecton has been reset
Refused Collect Connection - Your payment selection must be prepaid
Rejecting - Host copmputer refuses to accept the call
Remote Procedure Error - Communication problems forced the network to clear our call
Still Connected - You requested another service while your online to another
Telenet XXX XXX - Network Port you are using
Terminal - This is the terminal type prompt
Unable to validate call - Your Nui has been temporarily disbaled
Unable to validate call contact admin - The Nui has been permently disabled
Unknown Adress - Your Nua may be invalid
Wats Call not permitted - Telenet In-wats calls are not permitted by your host or your Nui
Well that is the end of the Telenet messages and this is the end of our file only left is the numbers i have and some other usual stuff
Well that is about it id like to greet some people here SoldierOfFortune,Frodo,TheBit,Hellraiser,Icecube,Slaytanic,Corrupt,Lorax,Deadman#The Disk Master,The Hunter,DPAK,MOD,Rat,The Traxster,The Apple Bandit,El Cid,Shadow,Blue Adept,Blacknight,LOD,HALE,DungeonMaster,Blackbeard,Kilroy,The Whole Interchat scene,All my buddys from the alliances,Gambler,Sabers Edge,Misfit,The Flash,Qsd friends,All the people who called my Vmb'z for "Rad Infoz" and helped to keep it going and all the whole people you make a difference "All you Kids out There keep the Faith!"
I can be reached on Funtime Gs at 305-989-0181 d215*guest is the new user pass
I can be reached at this Vmb 313-980-5632
and soon im going to be running a bbs with a friend of mine so be sure to look for that like i said im outta here Slaytze!!!!
While the scope of this article is general, the informationcontained
within is NOT for the novice Tymnet explorer. Novice or NOT, goahead
and read; however, caution should be taken when invoking any ofthese
commands upon BT's network. Execution of certain commands canhave
debilitating consequences upon segments of the network.
In this article I intend to educate the reader about thevarious
Tymnet diagnostic utilities that are available. This article isby no
means an in depth microscopic view of the utilities; but rather abrief to
the point survey course of what is available to qualified people. With
each utility I will describe its use/s, list its major commands,and
in DDT & XRAY's case, dispense its hard-coded usernames whichallow you to
become a 'qualified person.'
It seems the software engineers at Tymnet (for the lack ofsomething
better to do) like to rename ordinary words to complicated ones. For
instance, within this article I will talk about LICENSE LEVELS. License
levels are nothing more than security levels. When I speak ofLicense
Level 4, just translate that to Security Level 4. I would havejust called
everything security levels, but I wanted to stay within thatlethargic
Tymnet mood for realism purposes. Another word the engineerspirated from
'GI JOE' was GOOD-GUYS. In our world, a Good-Guy is a validusername that╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îcan be used for logging into the various diagnostic utilities.
Like most conventional computers, Tymnet also needs anoperating system
for its code to run under. Tymnet's node-level, *multitasking*,operating
system is called ISIS; it stands for 'Internally SwitchedInterface System.'
Its designed for: handling multiple communication links,allocating system
memory, system job/process scheduling, and all the other BASICthings ALL
operating systems do. Tymnet explains it a bit more complicatedand less
to the point, but to give equal time to the opposing viewpoint,this is
what they say:
"Internally Switched Interface System. The operating systemfor a TYMNET
node; provides functions that control the overall operationof an
Engine. These functions include, but are not limited to,memory
╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘î You think they would have invented much NEATER names for theircomputer
platforms than 'Mini-Engine' or 'Micro-Engine'. I would guessthat BT's
hardware engineers have less time than the software engineers toinvent
K-RAD names for their projects. Anyhow, as you can see, theENGINE is the
muscle behind Tymnet's network brawn.
Another term which is very basic to ANY understanding ofTymnet is the
'SUPERVISOR.' As you can see the engineers searched high & lowfor this
clever term. The Supervisor is many things including, theauthentication
kernel you interact with, the circuit billing system thatsubscribers
unfortunately do not interact with, and generally the network's'BIG BROTHER.'
Supervisor watches the status of the network at all times,keeping detailed
logs and interceding when trouble erupts. The supervisor termcan also
refer to the engine upon which the Supervisor is being run on.
With all that in mind, I will now introduce five of Tymnet'sdiagnostic
tools. I intend on presenting them in this order: DDT, MUX,PROBE, LOAD-II,
TOM, and XRAY. Please note that only DDT and XRAY have'good-guy' lists
provided.
DDT - Dynamic Debugging Tool
----------------------------
DDT is a utility which runs under the ISIS operating system. DDT is
capable of loading or displaying a slot's content. A slot is anarea of
memory in a node in which Tymnet applications run. DDT can alsobe used
for modification of a specific slot's slot code. Slot code isany
program which has been assigned memory within the engine by ISIS. DDT also
performs other lower level diagnostic functions, which I will notgo into.
Logging into DDT requires you to provide the 'please log in:'prompt
a valid username and password. Upon checking the good-guy listand╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îauthenticating the user, the kernel process searches for theassociated
slot assignment. If no slot is assigned to the good-guy, thekernel will
prompt you for a slot number. Once you enter a VALID slot numberand it is
available, the authentication kernel executes the DDT utility. When I say
'VALID' slot number, I mean a slot number which logically existsAND is
attainable by your current good-guy's license level.
Actual logins to DDT take the form:
please log in: goodguyID:host# <cr>
password:
Where goodguyID is a valid goodguy, host# is the Tymnetsubscriber who
needs a little 'work' done, and obviously the password is what itis. While
I would like to give you all the passwords I could, I don't thinkit is
going to happen. So all I can do is suggest trying differentvariations
of the goodguy IDs, and other dumb passwords unsecure people use.
Connection to primary DDT is displayed as the ever-so-friendly'*' prompt.
It is from this prompt that all general DDT commands aredirected. The most
useful DDT commands are listed below in a general, extended, andRJE/3270T
specific registry.
GENERAL DDT COMMANDS
--------------------
E Execute a slot.
H Halt a slot. <---- DESTRUCTIVE See WARNING!
ZZ Logs you out of DDT.
^# Transfers control from the current slot to the slot
specified by #. (IE- ^7 Switches control to slot 7)
?CPU Displays CPU utilization (Engine Performance)
?HIST Displays a history of diagnostic messages.
?HOST Displays the hosts in use by that slot.
?LU Displays the logical unit to physical deviceassignment.
?MEM Displays the time of memory errors if any.
?STAT Allows the execution of EXTENDED DDT. To obtain theextended
command prompt type '/'.Command prompt ':>'
?VERN Displays the ISIS version followed by the SLOT's╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘ version.
WARNING!: It is possible to HALT a slot accidently. This willfreeze
everything going in/out of the current slot. This canbe BAD
for customer satisfaction reasons. If you accidentlyhit 'H',
even without a CR/LF it will hang the slot. So whenthe ?HIST or
?HOST commands are used make SURE you type thatimportant '?'
beforehand. This will halt everything going over thatslot,
effectively destroying the communication link.
EXTENDED COMMANDS FOR RJE & 3270T
---------------------------------
RJE & 3270T
===========
EXI Logs you out. (DuH!)
QUIT Return from extended DDT prompt ':>' to normal '*'DDT prompt.
RJE Only
========
HELP Displays a list of commands available in extendedRJE DDT mode.
(A list not worth putting in here.)
SCOPE Outputs a protocol trace.
TRACE Outputs a state trace.
3270T Only
==========
HELP Displays a list of commands available in extended3270T DDT mode.
(Again, a list not worth putting in here.)
STATUS Displays status of all lines, control units, anddevices.
STRTLN x Start polling on line x. (Performance benchmark)
STRTCU x,y Start polling control UNIT x on LINE y. (Performancebenchmark)
STOPLN x Stop polling on line 'x'
STOPCU x,y Stop polling control UNIT x on LINE y.
NOTE:If you try to use an RJE command while logged into a 3270Tyou will
be shown the incredible "ILLEGAL COMMAND" string.
GOOD-GUYS AND LICENSE LEVELS╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘î----------------------------
As with any username, there is an accompanying license level(security
level) with each account. The different levels define whichtypes of
slots that username may access and the available commands. Someof the
good-guys have access to all slots including supervisor, whileothers
have access to only non-supervisor slots.
The table below is a list of the actions that are availablewith the
various different license levels.
L.DISC Permits disk formatting
L.H Permits the halting, loading, and restarting of allslots for
code-loading purposes.
L.P Permits the halting, restarting, and online softwaremodification
to an active slot. (Except slots 0 and FF)
L.R Permits logon to all slots (Except 0 and FF)
L.SOA Permits logon to a node's slot 0. (Node configuration.)
L.SOP Permits the halting, restarting, and online softwaremodification
to slot 0.
L.SOR Permits the reading of slot 0 files.
L.SUA Permits logon to Supervisor slots.
L.SYA Permits logon to a node's FF slot. (ISIS configurationnode.)
L.SYR Permits the reading of slot FF files.
L.SYP Permits the halting, restarting, and onlinemodification to
slot FF.
The DDT license levels are numbered from 0 to 4, 4 being Gh0D. Each level
has several of the above named actions available to them. Listedbelow are
the various actions available at the 0 through 4 license levels.
LEVEL ACTIONS
===== =======
4 L.DISC, L.P, L.SOA, L.SOP, L.SUA, L.SYA, and L.SYP .
(Disk format, halt, restart, online software mods, andreading
of files for all slots AND supervisors. Like I said,GOD.)
3 L.P, L.SOA, L.SOP, L.SYA, and L.SYP .
(Halt, restart, online software mods, and reading offiles for╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘î all slots and supervisors.)
ULOGA 20 Enters user-generated alphabetic message inmsg log.╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îULOGH 20 Enters user-generated hex message in msg log.
SYSTEM MAINTENANCE / DISASTER RECOVERY CMDS:
Command Lic. Lvl Description
------- -------- -----------
DCENT n1 n2 02 Allows Tymnet support temporary,controlled access
to a private network. (Useful)
DCREAD 02 Reads current value of password cipherassociated
with DCENT username.
FTIME +/- s 02 Corrects the 'Super Clock' by adding (+)or
subtracting (-) 's' seconds from it.
INITA 02 Initializes accounting file to all zeros.
INITL 02 Initializes log to all zeros.
NOTE: Each PROBE is a separate entity with its own files. Forexample,
if you shut lines in the PROBE on the active Supervisor,this will
NOT be known to the sleeping PROBE. If another Supervisortakes
over the network, it will not consider the link to beshut.
Likewise, PROBE password changes are made only to onePROBE at a
time. To change your password everywhere, you must do aCHANGE in
each probe.
LOAD-II
-------
LOAD-II is probably one of the LEAST known of Tymnet'sutilities.
LOAD-II is used to load or dump a binary image of executable codefor a
node or slot. The load/dump operation can be used for the ENTIREengine,
or a specific slot.
Upon reaching the command prompt you should enter:
R LOADII <cr>
This will initiate an interactive session between you and theLOAD-II
load/dumping process. The system will go through the followingprocedure:
TYMNET OUTPUT YOUR INPUT WHAT THIS MEANS TO YOU
------------- ---------- ----------------------╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îÖEnter Function: G 'G' Simply means identify agateway
Enter Gateway Host: #### This is the 4 digit identifierfor hosts
on the network. I know that2999 is for
'MIAMI'.
Password: LOAD This is the default passwordfor LOAD-II.
Function: C 'C' for crash table dump, OR
D 'D' to dump an entire enginescontents, OR
L 'L' to load an entire enginescontents, OR
S 'S' to load a slot, or
U 'U' to dump a slot.
Neighbor Node: #### Selects neighbor node number.
Neigh. Kern. Host#: ### This 3-digit code is derived byadding the
first two digits of the nodenumber and
appending the last two digitsto that sum.
Line # to Load From: ## Use the line number coming offthe
neighbor node, NOT the nodethat is DOWN.
Object File Name: File used to load/dump node orslot from/to.
EXIT EXI Send program to end of job.
TOM - TYMCOM Operations Manager
-------------------------------
TOM is utility which runs under TYMCOM. Quickly, TYMCOM is aninterface
program for the host computer which imitates multiple terminals. Quoting
from Tymnet, "TYMCOM has multiple async lines running to the
front-end processor of the host." So in other words, TYMCOM hasa
bunch of lines tied into the engine's front-end, allowing aboatload of
jobs/users to access it.
TOM is primarily used with TYMCOM dialup ports. It is used toDOWN and
then UP hung ports. This type of situation may occur after ahost crash
where users are getting a 'Host Not Available' error message. TOM can also
be used to put messages on TYMCOM in order to alert users toproblems or╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îwhen scheduled maintenance will occur on various hosts/ports. Tologin
type:
##TOM##:xxxx
Where 'xxxx' is the appropriate host number you wish to 'work'on. After
proper hostname is given, you will then be prompted for apassword. As I
have none of these to give, play on 3-5 character combinations ofthe
words: TYMCOM, TOM, HIF, OPMNGR.
Command Description
------- -----------
GRAB TOMxxxx This should be the FIRST thing you do whendown/upping
a host. Gets license for up or down host, thenprompts for
password of host. Where 'xxxx' is the hostnumber. You
must have privileged status to use.
CHANGE xxxx Change a host number to 'xxxx'.
DIAGNOSTICS Turns the diagnostic messages off or on.(Toggle)
DOWN P xx Take DOWN port number 'xx', or
H xxxx Take DOWN host number 'xxxx'.
ENQUIRE Lists information about the node and slow whereTYMCOM is
running.
EXIT Logout.
MESSAGE Sets text to be output to the terminal when auser logs in.
SHUT H xxxx Disallow new logins to a specified host = 'xxxx',or
P xx Disallow new logins to a specified port = 'xx'.
SPEED xxxx Specifies the baud rate at which a port willcommunicate.
STAT P xx-yy Shows status of port numbers 'xx' through 'yy'. Either
one or a number of ports may be specified.
TIME Displays the current time.
TO x message Sends 'message' to specified user number 'x'.
UP P xx Bring UP port number 'xx', or
H xxxx Bring UP host number 'xxxx'.
WHO Lists user numbers of all users currently logged╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘ into TOM.
XRAY
----
XRAY is another one of the very well known commands. XRAY isa program
which sits within node code and waits for use. Its used to gain
information about a specific node's configuration and its currentstatus in
the network. It can be used to determine the probable reason fora crash
or line outage in order to isolate bottlenecks or track downnetwork
anomalies.
XRAY user licenses are all assigned a logon priority. Ifevery XRAY
port on a node are in use, and a higher priority XRAY usernamelogs in,
the lowest priority username will be logged out.
License Description
------- -----------
2 Permits the writing and running of disruptive node tests.
1 Permits the running of non-disruptive node tests.
0 Permits view only commands.
The following list is a compilation of some hardcoded'good-guys'.
LICENSE LEVEL PRIORITY GOOD GUY USERNAME ACTIVE/PASSIVE NETWORK IMPACT
While the scope of this article is general, the informationcontained
within is NOT for the novice Tymnet explorer. Novice or NOT, goahead
and read; however, caution should be taken when invoking any ofthese╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îcommands upon BT's network. Execution of certain commands canhave
debilitating consequences upon segments of the network.
In this article I intend to educate the reader about thevarious
Tymnet diagnostic utilities that are available. This article isby no
means an in depth microscopic view of the utilities; but rather abrief to
the point survey course of what is available to qualified people. With
each utility I will describe its use/s, list its major commands,and
in DDT & XRAY's case, dispense its hard-coded usernames whichallow you to
become a 'qualified person.'
It seems the software engineers at Tymnet (for the lack ofsomething
better to do) like to rename ordinary words to complicated ones. For
instance, within this article I will talk about LICENSE LEVELS. License
levels are nothing more than security levels. When I speak ofLicense
Level 4, just translate that to Security Level 4. I would havejust called
everything security levels, but I wanted to stay within thatlethargic
Tymnet mood for realism purposes. Another word the engineerspirated from
'GI JOE' was GOOD-GUYS. In our world, a Good-Guy is a validusername that
can be used for logging into the various diagnostic utilities.
Like most conventional computers, Tymnet also needs anoperating system
for its code to run under. Tymnet's node-level, *multitasking*,operating
system is called ISIS; it stands for 'Internally SwitchedInterface System.'
Its designed for: handling multiple communication links,allocating system
memory, system job/process scheduling, and all the other BASICthings ALL
operating systems do. Tymnet explains it a bit more complicatedand less
to the point, but to give equal time to the opposing viewpoint,this is
what they say:
"Internally Switched Interface System. The operating systemfor a TYMNET╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘î node; provides functions that control the overall operationof an
Engine. These functions include, but are not limited to,memory
You think they would have invented much NEATER names for theircomputer
platforms than 'Mini-Engine' or 'Micro-Engine'. I would guessthat BT's
hardware engineers have less time than the software engineers toinvent
K-RAD names for their projects. Anyhow, as you can see, theENGINE is the
muscle behind Tymnet's network brawn.
Another term which is very basic to ANY understanding ofTymnet is the
'SUPERVISOR.' As you can see the engineers searched high & lowfor this
clever term. The Supervisor is many things including, theauthentication
kernel you interact with, the circuit billing system thatsubscribers
unfortunately do not interact with, and generally the network's'BIG BROTHER.'╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îSupervisor watches the status of the network at all times,keeping detailed
logs and interceding when trouble erupts. The supervisor termcan also
refer to the engine upon which the Supervisor is being run on.
With all that in mind, I will now introduce five of Tymnet'sdiagnostic
tools. I intend on presenting them in this order: DDT, MUX,PROBE, LOAD-II,
TOM, and XRAY. Please note that only DDT and XRAY have'good-guy' lists
provided.
DDT - Dynamic Debugging Tool
----------------------------
DDT is a utility which runs under the ISIS operating system. DDT is
capable of loading or displaying a slot's content. A slot is anarea of
memory in a node in which Tymnet applications run. DDT can alsobe used
for modification of a specific slot's slot code. Slot code isany
program which has been assigned memory within the engine by ISIS. DDT also
performs other lower level diagnostic functions, which I will notgo into.
Logging into DDT requires you to provide the 'please log in:'prompt
a valid username and password. Upon checking the good-guy listand
authenticating the user, the kernel process searches for theassociated
slot assignment. If no slot is assigned to the good-guy, thekernel will
prompt you for a slot number. Once you enter a VALID slot numberand it is
available, the authentication kernel executes the DDT utility. When I say
'VALID' slot number, I mean a slot number which logically existsAND is
attainable by your current good-guy's license level.
Actual logins to DDT take the form:
please log in: goodguyID:host# <cr>
password:
Where goodguyID is a valid goodguy, host# is the Tymnetsubscriber who
needs a little 'work' done, and obviously the password is what it╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘ is. While
I would like to give you all the passwords I could, I don't thinkit is
going to happen. So all I can do is suggest trying differentvariations
of the goodguy IDs, and other dumb passwords unsecure people use.
Connection to primary DDT is displayed as the ever-so-friendly'*' prompt.
It is from this prompt that all general DDT commands aredirected. The most
useful DDT commands are listed below in a general, extended, andRJE/3270T
specific registry.
GENERAL DDT COMMANDS
--------------------
E Execute a slot.
H Halt a slot. <---- DESTRUCTIVE See WARNING!
ZZ Logs you out of DDT.
^# Transfers control from the current slot to the slot
specified by #. (IE- ^7 Switches control to slot 7)
?CPU Displays CPU utilization (Engine Performance)
?HIST Displays a history of diagnostic messages.
?HOST Displays the hosts in use by that slot.
?LU Displays the logical unit to physical deviceassignment.
?MEM Displays the time of memory errors if any.
?STAT Allows the execution of EXTENDED DDT. To obtain theextended
command prompt type '/'.Command prompt ':>'
?VERN Displays the ISIS version followed by the SLOT'sversion.
WARNING!: It is possible to HALT a slot accidently. This willfreeze
everything going in/out of the current slot. This canbe BAD
for customer satisfaction reasons. If you accidentlyhit 'H',
even without a CR/LF it will hang the slot. So whenthe ?HIST or
?HOST commands are used make SURE you type thatimportant '?'
beforehand. This will halt everything going over thatslot,
Courier 10cpi░ ë?xxx,Z┬x■6X@╔ô8╟;X@■■■■■■■ ■ ■ ■ HP DeskJet 500HPDES500.PRS█x î
@╔ç╧xX,,0£σ¼X@╨╨√ 2<L#|x
A User's Guide to XRAY
By N.O.D.
This file was made possible by a grant from a local
McDonnell Douglas Field Service Office quite some 'tyme'
ago. This was originally written about version 4, although
we are pretty sure that BT has now souped things up to version 6.
Everything still seems the same with the exception of a few
commands, one of which we will point out in particular.
Any comments/corrections/additions/updates or subpoenas
can be relayed to us through this magazine.
XRAY is a monitoring utility that gives the user a real-time
window into a Tymnet-II node. Used in tandem with other
utilities, XRAY can be a very powerful tool in monitoring network
activity.
In this file we will discuss key features of XRAY and givecommand
formats for several commands. Some commands are omitted fromthis
file since they can only be used from dedicated terminals. Several
others are likewise omitted since they deal with the utilizationof
XRAY in network configuration and debugging the actual node code,and
would probably be more damaging than useful, and commands toreset
circuits and ports are similarly missing.
ACCESS
The most obvious way to access XRAY is to find theusername/password
pair that either corresponds to the host number of an XRAY port,or
is otherwise in the goodguy list of a particular node.
XRAY can also be accessed through the DDT utility by typing
?STAT
Either will respond with the following
**X-RAY** NODE: XXX HOST: ZZZ TIME: DD:HH:MM:SS
If all ports are currently in use the user will only be allowedaccess╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘îif his/her is of greater precedence in the goodguy list than thatof
someone previously online. In such a case, that user will beforcibly
logged out and will receive the following message:
"xray slot overridden"
Otherwise the user will see:
"out of xray slots"
XRAY users are limited in their power by the associated "licence"level
given them in the XRAY goodguy list. The levels are:
0 - normal
1 - privileged
2 - super-privileged
There are several user names associated with the
XRAY utility. These exist on almost any network utilizing
the Tymnet-II style networking platform.
PRIORITY USERNAME
2 XMNGR
2 ISISTECX
2 XNSSC
1 TNSCMX
1 TNSUKMX
1 XSOFT
1 XEXP
1 XCOMM
1 XSERV1
0 XRTECH
0 XTECH
0 XOPPS
0 XSERV
0 XRAY
COMMANDS with parameters in <brackets>
HE Help
Use this command to display the commands available for that
particular node.
GP Get power <security string>
This command allows the user to move up to the maximum╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘ security
level allowed by his username, as specified in the good guy
list.
XG Display and/or modify XRAY goodguy list <entry number> <P/M>
This command without parameters will display the XRAY goodguy
list. When added with an entry number and 'P' (purge) or
'M' (modify), the user can edit the contents of the table.
The XGI command will allow the user to enter a new entry
into the list. Any use of XG or XGI to alter the list is
a super-privileged command and is audited.
>XG
XRAY GOODGUY LIST
NO. PRIV OVER NAME
---- ---- ---- ----
0001 0002 00FF TIIDEV
0002 0001 0030 RANDOMUSER
0003 0000 0000 XRAY
>XGI
ENTER UP TO 12 CHARACTERS OF USERNAME
NOD
ENTER NEW PRIVILEGE AND OVERRIDE - 2,FF
>XG
XRAY GOODGUY LIST
NO. PRIV OVER NAME
---- ---- ---- ----
0001 0002 00FF TIIDEV
0002 0001 0030 RANDOMUSER
0003 0000 0000 XRAY
0004 0002 00FF NOD
BG Display and/or modify Bad Guy List <node number> <R/I>
This command when entered without any parameters displays the
"bad guy" list. When used with a node number and 'R' it willremove
that node from the list, and 'I' will included. The 'R' and'I'
features are privileged commands and usage is noted in audittrails.
>BG
╘"h)0*0*0*░░░1≡"╘î 2000 701 1012
>BG 2022 I
2022 2000 701 1012
HS Display host information
ND Display node descriptor
This command displays information about the node and itsnetwork
links.
NS Display node statistics
This command displays various statistics about the nodeincluding
time differentiations in packet loops, which can then be usedto
determine the current job load on that particular node.
KD Display link descriptor <linked node>
This command displays the values of the link to the nodespecified.
This is displayed with columns relating to type of node (TP),speed
of the link (SP), number of channels on the link (NCHN),etc..
KS Display link statistics <up to 8 node numbers>
This command provides a report on various factors on theintegrity
of the link to the given node(s), such as bandwidth usage,packet
overhead, characters/second transmitted, delays inmilliseconds, etc.
BZ "Zap" link to node <node number>
This command will cause the link to the specified node to be
reset. This command is privileged and is audited. If thenode
"zapped" is not currently linked a "??" error message will be
