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1991-10-25
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MIAMI, EVERGLADES, and FLORIDA KEYS 2.0
by Mike Barrs 76702,1706,
Assoc. SysOp, Compuserve Flight Simulation Forum (FSFORUM)
With contributions by FSFORUM members:
Rick Stratton, Walter Ogelsby, and Bob Danielson
Note: Microsoft Aircraft and Scenery Designer, Flight Simulator 4.0, and
subLOGIC Scenery Disk 7 are REQUIRED to use this scenery (SD-7 not
required for night flying). You *must* have 60,000 bytes allocated for
static scenery on the ASD Config menu to use this scenery.
Files in this .ZIP archive:
FLSMIAMB.DOC This doc file (Please read Quick Start section before
using scenery!)
FLSMIAMB.FPD Navaids & airports in RMMFP Flight Planner data format.
FLSMIAMB.SC1 Miami static scenery (386 version)
FLSMIASL.SC2 Miami static scenery (286 version)
FLSMIAMB.DY1 Miami dynamic scenery
FLSMIAMB.MOD Startup mode at Kendall-Tamiami Executive Airport
FLSEVGMB.SC1 Everglades static scenery
FLSEVGMB.DY1 Everglades dynamic scenery
FLSKYEMB.SC1 Florida Keys East static scenery (incomplete - more
Keys scenery in progress)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*** Quick Start ***
If you have my previous Miami file FLS001MB.SC1 in your FS4
subdirectory, please delete it! The earlier file has a large scenery
boundary that will interfere with the new scenery. This current package
is designed to work with auto-loading of static and dynamic scenery...
please turn that option on with the 1,J menu if you don't already have
it enabled, and temporarily move or rename to .SC2 any other files in
your FS4 subdirectory that cover the Miami/Naples/Keys areas.
Copy the included .SC1, .SC2, .DY1, and .MOD files into your FS4
subdirectory.
If you have a 386 or faster computer, skip ahead to the next paragraph.
If you're using a 286/12Mhz or slower computer, rename FLSMIAMB.SC1 to
FLSMIAMB.SC2, and rename FLSMIASL.SC2 to FLSMIASL.SC1. This will give
you a version of the Miami file without the downtown buildings and many
of the night lighting effects, but with a better frame rate for slower
machines. You may also wish to disable dynamic scenery on slower
machines.
Boot up Flight Simulator and load the SD-7 scenery background. Select
"auto-load" for static scenery, load the Miami - Kendall/Tamiami
Executive mode, then take off and explore!
---------------------------------------------------------------------
DESIGN NOTES
IMPORTANT: for best results, use SD-7 for daytime and dusk flying and
use Default background for night flying. This scenery will not look
good in daytime if you don't have subLogic scenery disk 7 installed
and loaded, since it uses coastal detail supplied by the scenery disk.
Scenery disks can be mail ordered from JCL Services, via Compuserve
email message to "John LePire 71361,1005". For night flying, switch to
Default FS4 scenery, which gives you the most realistic view of the
night lighting effects. Local VOR's are provided for navigation at night
over the Default background (please see note below under "Navaids").
The Florida Keys file (FLSKYEMB.SC1) is mostly empty, except for the
Flamingo scenery in Everglades National Park. New Florida Keys scenery
is in the works and will be added to this file at a later date.
I elected to keep highways and streets as simple lines within the Miami
urban area (as in SD-7) in order to keep the frame rate from bogging
down too much. Outside the city, major highways and roads are
represented by ASD streets, highways, and rivers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
GUIDED TOUR 1 - MIAMI AREA
Load the mode titled "Miami - Kendall/Tamiami Airport." You'll find
yourself at the south end of the Miami urban area, at Kendall Tamiami
Executive Airport. If you have a favorite aircraft, load it here in
place of the Cessna 182.
Tap "S" once to return to forward cockpit view. Tune your radio to 124.0
for ATIS, and then taxi straight forward. At the taxiway intersection
turn to the right and continue to the west end of runway 9R. We'll assume
the tower has you cleared for taxiing and takeoff, and we'll also assume
you have a priority ATC clearance for a sightseeing tour of Miami. This
tour is designed to show off the scenery and is not at all realistic in
terms of navigating through the congested airspace over the city.
Takeoff on runway 9R, climb and maintain 1000 feet, and stay on a
heading of 090. Once you're trimmed out, take a look around. That patch
of blue ahead is Biscayne Bay, with the Atlantic beyond. Below you and
to the west is the large Yuppie suburban sprawl of Kendall. Looking to
the rear, you can see Kendall/Tamiami Airport and a large expanse of
brown on the horizon... that's the Everglades. You're just 14 miles east
of the national park boundary. There are very few national parks or
World Heritage sites with a major city this close... population growth
and competition for groundwater are major threats to the park.
Continuing east, the first highway you cross is the Florida Turnpike
extension. The next is U.S.1, turn left to follow it on a course of
025. Ahead and slightly to the left you'll see Miami International
Airport.
At the V-shaped intersection with the Palmetto Expressway, bear right
and continue to follow U.S. 1. Your course should now be roughly 055.
To the left of U.S.1 and just past the intersection, you'll see a tiny
area of light green and brown color. Fly down and take a look... that's
my house and that of my neighbor and fellow FSFORUM member Rick
Stratton. My house is on the NW corner of the intersection, his is to
the SE. Try not to knock too much gravel off the roof!
Pick up U.S 1 again and continue towards downtown. As you approach
downtown, you'll see a mansion on the edge of the bay to your right This
is Viscaya, once a millionaire's Italianesque winter home and now a
public museum. The Rickenbacker Causeway to Key Biscayne will pass by on
your right. Continue on your present course... the downtown buildings
will pass by on your left and you'll see the Port of Miami dead ahead
with a cruise ship just beginning to get underway. On the other side of
the Miami Channel you'll see a small grey landing ramp and building, this
is the home base for Chalk's seaplane service to the Bahamas.
Buzz the snowbirds (local slang for tourists) on the cruise ship's
observation deck and then circle around to a course of 270. You'll pass
by the downtown buildings, again on your left. The marina area adjacent
to downtown is Bayside, an assortment of shops and restaurants... very
popular with foreign tourists.
Ahead you'll see the Orange Bowl stadium. Fly over the stadium and then
immediately turn to a course of 235. We're going to buzz Walter Ogelsby's
house in Coral Gables... you'll see it straight ahead. Shake the roof
tiles and then turn towards Miami International Airport, on a course of
roughly 335. Fly over the terminal building, and past the NW corner of
the airport, roughly in front of you and to the left, you'll see Bob
Danielson's house. It's due north of the end of runway 9L. Zoom his
house and then turn to 060.
Dead ahead you'll see Hialeah Race Track. Fly over the track and then
turn to 090 and head out to the ocean. To your left you'll see Opa Locka
airport. When you reach the ocean, you'll be over Miami Beach. Turn
right and follow the beach south. A cluster of hotels including the
Fontainebleau Hilton and Eden Roc can be seen on the beach front. The
entire beach front is lined with large and small hotels... ASD frame
rate and memory limitations prevent showing all of them.
Continue south, following the beach and crossing the mouth of the Miami
ship channel. The next island you see with white sand beaches is Key
Biscayne, an upscale residential community. President Nixon maintained
a home on the west side of the island while he was in office. Continue
following the beach to the south. Bill Baggs State Park is located at
the southern tip of the island where you'll see the Cape Florida
lighthouse. Continue south on a heading of roughly 190 past the
Biscayne Channel and over the Biscayne Flats (also known as The Safety
Valve). The scattered houses built on pilings directly ahead of you are
collectively known as Stiltsville.
Follow the flats to the south until you reach Ragged and Sands keys. As
the islands pull into view, look across the Bay to your right for a
distinctive red and white colored object on the shore. Change course and
head for it... that's the Turkey Point nuke plant. You are now flying
over Biscayne National Park, a marine reserve. Fly over Turkey point
for a view of the nuke plant and huge network of cooling canals behind
the shoreline, just don't get *too* close. Homestead Air Force Base is
not in the present scenery due to space limitations but in reality it's
located to the NW of Turkey Point, halfway between it and U.S. 1.
After viewing Turkey Point, come to a course of 090 until you pick up
the brown agricultural fields of Homestead and Florida City. Local
glider pilots sometimes fly in the thermals caused by these plowed
fields. The airport in front of you is Homestead General. Fly over it
and then head due north. Off to your left you'll see Kendall Gliderport,
way out in the sawgrass and melaleuca scrub. Continuing north you'll
soon come up on Tamiami/Kendall Airport on your right, and you'll be all
set to land on runway 9R, ILS 108.7. You can also tune in the Perrine
NDB (PRR freq 266) located just west of the field.
Be sure to look at this scenery at night, especially around the downtown
area (most night effects mentioned here are only in the 386 version of
the scenery). Remember to load Default background instead of SD-7 so you
get a realistic night effect. In addition to the multicolored blue lights
on the Centrust Tower you can see the rainbow neon light sculpture on the
Metrorail bridge just west of the downtown buildings. The Orange Bowl is
hosting a night game.
GUIDED TOUR 2 - FLORIDA EVERGLADES
Now for the tour of Everglades National Park. Begin with the same
startup mode as before. After takeoff, make a standard rate right turn
and come to a course of 075. The FAA restrictions for flight over a
national park prohibit flight below 2000 ft, but for this scenery tour
you'll want to be lower, around 1000 ft. Once you're familiar with the
area you can apply the 2000 ft. rule if you want to practice realistic
flying.
The brown area ahead of you is a large expanse of sawgrass, in reality
it's dotted with stands of cypress and hardwood "islands" or hammocks.
These are formed by depressions or elevations in the limestone bedrock
that result in cypress in areas of standing water and hardwood communities
in the drier elevated areas. A coastal ridge of pine forest once covered
the Miami urban area and a remnant extends into the park at its
southeastern edge. A continuous thin sheet of water flows across the
sawgrass from north to south during the summer wet season, originating
near Lake Okechobee. The water flow finally dumps its nutrients and
becomes brackish in the large mangrove communities at the coast (the green
areas in the scenery fringing the Everglades to the south and west). In
the winter the Glades area dries out, and wildfires are common.
Flying the 075 course, look for a white building ahead of you, at the
end of a a small road leading off to the right. This is the Shark Valley
observation tower, operated by the Park Service. A few hardwood hammocks
are shown near the tower. Follow the road north from the tower to its
intersection with the Tamiami Trail (U.S. 41) and then follow the Trail
west.
When the road branches, follow the Tamiami Trail to the right. The road
splitting off to the left is Loop Road (a really interesting car trip
if you have high clearance and good tires). The national park boundary is
to the south of Loop Road. Part of the area you're flying over is a
Mikasuki Indian reservation. To the north of the second bend in the Trail,
you'll see Dade/Collier Training and Transition Airport.
Continue following the Trail to the west. Along the right side of the
road you'll see the Oasis ranger station with its grass strip runway.
There are frequent fires in the Glades in the late winter dry season.
During the largest fires this airstrip sees a lot of action with spotter
planes and helicopters landing here. The area to your right and north of
Tamiami Trail is the Big Cypress National Preserve.
If you continue following the Trail west you'll reach Marco Island and
Naples (included in the scenery), but we'll stay away from the cities on
this trip. Look for the Turner River canal crossing the Trail ahead of
you. Turn left to follow the canal... you'll see the branching where the
original Turner River flows to join the canal and continues SW to the
coast. This is a great canoe trail. The brown freshwater sawgrass gives
way to brackish and finally saltwater mangrove habitat near the coast
(the green areas). Look for the brown colored shell mounds near the river
mouth on the left side. These huge shell mounds were formed by Calusa
Indians living in the area previous to the 1700's. Shell mounds are
scattered throughout the Everglades coastal areas. Across the small bay
from the river mouth is Chokoloskee Island, connected to the mainland
with a causeway. Chokoloskee is built on a huge 135 acre Calusa shell
mound that once stood 20 feet high in places.
Turn north from Chokoloskee Island and follow the causeway to Everglades
City. It was once a thriving fishing community but park restrictions on
commercial fishing in the area inspired many locals (including the
mayor) to become involved in the pharmaceutical import trade. The Feds
stepped in and ended most of the Everglades City smuggling operations
several years ago. The park service has a small ranger station here,
located at the south end of town on the waterfront. The Everglades City
airstrip is just north of the ranger station. Partway up the small river
on the west side of town is the Everglades Rod and Gun Club, a hotel and
restaurant used by local sportsmen and naturalists. Out in the water
you'll see a couple of commercial fishing boats heading west towards
Indian Key Pass.
We'll continue now to skirt the southwest edge of the Glades on our way
back to Miami. From Everglades City, take a course of 165 to Pavilion Key,
you'll see its white sand beach off in the distance. A pair of canoe
campers are spending the night at the north tip of the island.
From Pavilion Key, take a course of 150. Before long, you'll see the
brown coastal prairie behind Cape Sable come into view ahead of you.
Start searching the mangrove shoreline to your left for two rivers
through the mangroves that join further inland to form a V. This is
the Harney River. Follow it inland to the open water of Tarpon Bay. On
the far side of Tarpon Bay you can see a flock of white wading birds
(probably Ibis) feeding in the sawgrass.
Turn to 175 and continue out to the coast. You'll fly over Whitewater
Bay and arrive at Flamingo, the park's major destination point for
overnight visitors. The large building with the elevated walkway holds
offices, a museum, gift shop, and restaurant. The long building along
the water's edge is the motel. In the real world, cottages and tent
camping areas are to the west of the motel, followed by motor home and
trailer parking areas where you see the road loop to the west. The
small island in the middle of a pond is "Eco Pond", a convenient
wildlife viewing area for park visitors. You can see an excursion boat
berthed at the marina and several fishing boats out in Florida Bay.
Some intrepid canoers are heading up the Buttonwood Canal north of
Flamingo that leads to Coot Bay.
For the return to Miami, follow the road north from Flamingo until it
joins U.S. 1, then head due north until you pick up Kendall/Tamiami
Airport. Or tune in the Perrine NDB (PRR freq 266) on your ADF. The
Perrine NDB is located just west of the field at Kendall/Tamiami
Executive.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
POINTS OF INTEREST - MIAMI AREA (coordinates for use with 5,A menu)
Downtown N 10350.9836 E 19661.3658 ALT 264 HDG 243
Orange Bowl Stadium N 10352.7338 E 19649.9106 ALT 300 HDG 253
Bob Danielson's house N 10370.0616 E 19610.7397 ALT 52 HDG 049
Walter Ogelsby's house N 10341.1199 E 19634.7340 ALT 88 HDG 119
Mike Barrs'and Rick N 10319.4702 E 19622.3790 ALT 85 HDG 028
Stratton's houses
Cruise ship N 10350.8922 E 19667.2076 ALT 200 HDG 260
Miami Beach Hotels N 10369.1437 E 19685.4429 ALT 190 HDG 347
Hialeah Race Track N 10382.3263 E 19621.7989 ALT 230 HDG 181
Cape Florida Lighthouse N 10304.5312 E 19675.7863 ALT 120 HDG 007
Turkey Point nuke plant N 10205.8400 E 19614.2422 ALT 350 HDG 197
---------------------------------------------------------------------
POINTS OF INTEREST - EVERGLADES AREA
Shark Valley Tower N 10282.4194 E 19443.5080 ALT 250 HDG 157
Oasis Ranger Station N 10356.6639 E 19332.0508 ALT 630 HDG 328
Marco Island N 10373.4927 E 19030.1197 ALT 2580 HDG 087
Naples N 10426.5680 E 19015.6080 ALT 2580 HDG 016
Everglades City N 10343.9865 E 19190.9007 ALT 200 HDG 335
Ranger Station
Chokoloskee Island N 10320.1259 E 19195.0623 ALT 1450 HDG 012
Birds at Tarpon Bay N 10171.1727 E 19377.4944 ALT 110 HDG 276
Flamingo N 10056.9213 E 19379.3958 ALT 122 HDG 175
---------------------------------------------------------------------
NAVAIDS
CCE Collier Co. VOR 108.6 N 10470 E 19036
CKK Cook NDB 365 N 10355 E 19598
PRR Perrine NDB 266 N 10289 E 19543
APF Naples NDB 201 N 10472 E 19035
MKY Marco NDB 375 N 10408 E 19080
The VOR's below are duplicates of those found in SD-7 to allow
night IFR navigation using Default scenery background for the best
visual effect.
SD-7 VOR's
ZBV Bimini VOR 116.70 N 10350 E 20011
BSY Biscayne Bay 117.10 N 10306 E 19660
MIA Miami 115.90 N 10422 E 19547
EYW Key West 113.50 N 09791 E 19067
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AIRPORTS
MIA Miami International Airport
N 10357.6212 E 19619.6786
138 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 13.4
Runways: 9L-27R, 9R-27L, 12-30
ILS Rwy 9L 110.3, 9R 110.9, 27L 109.5, 27R 109.1
LOM Rwy 27L 248
NDB CKK 365 2nm west of field
ATIS (Arr) 118.1
Fuel
OPF Opa Locka Airport
N 10402.3008 E 19621.3640
112 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 10.5
Runways: 9L-27R, 9R-27L, 9C-27C, 12-30, 18L-36R, 18R, 36L
ILS Rwy 9L 110.5
ATIS 125.9
Fuel
TMB Kendall/Tamiami Executive Airport
N 10284.0654 E 19564.6817
180 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 19.3
Runways: 9L-27R, 9R-27L, 13-31
ILS Rwy 9R 108.7
NDB PRR 266 4nm west of field
ATIS 124.0
Fuel
X51 Homestead General Aviation Airport
N 10222.8419 E 19534.1075
190 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 27.7
Runways: 9-27, 18-36
Fuel
Kendall Gliderport
N 10267.5153 E 19514.8085
198 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 21.8
Runway 9-27 (unpaved)
TNT Dade/Collier Training and Transition Airport
N 10366.6436 E 19383.0574
258 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 24.0
Runway: 9-27
ILS Rwy 9 108.3
LOM Rwy 9 227
APF Naples Municipal Airport
N 10470.8160 E 19035.6228
170 degrees from FMY 117.6 DME 26.0
Runways: 4-22, 13-31
APF NDB 201 on field
Fuel
MKY Marco Island
N 10408.3592 E 19079.6811
164 degrees from FMY 117.6 DME 36.2
Runway: 17-35
MKY NDB 375 on field
Fuel
X01 Everglades City
N 10347.3507 E 19187.8591
264 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 50.6
152 degrees from FMY 117.6 DME 50.7
Runway: 15-33
Oasis Ranger Station
N 10362.8251 E 19328.8987
262 degrees from MIA 115.9 DME 31.2
Runway: 1-19 (unpaved)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
CIA/Smuggler Airstrip
???
Somewhere to the southeast of Everglades City there is a clandestine
airstrip... it might be a rebel training base, a drug smuggler
operation, maybe a covert Government operated landing strip. The exact
position in this ASD scenery is fictional, but more than one hidden
airstrip has been built in the 'Glades and used on and off over the
years. Have fun finding it... flares are sometimes lit to mark the
runway at night. If you find it, see if you can manage a Lear Jet
landing and takeoff.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Rick Stratton designed Homestead General, Tamiami Executive, and Opa-
Locka airports, and also his house (sitting next to mine in the
scenery). Bob Danielson and Walter Ogelsby each designed their own
houses.
I used Laemming Wheeler's terrific shareware SEE special effects editor
(version 4 beta) for the night lighting, other color effects, ATIS
messages, and to magnify the big Everglades sawgrass area polygon.
Nineteen separate .SC1 file modules were used to construct the scenery,
and SEE04's MERGE function was used to build the main output files. If
you're interested in how it was done, send me an email request on
Compuserve to "Mike Barrs 76702,1706" and I'll gladly email a .ZIP file
with the raw .SC1 and SEE04 beta .DAT files.
Jim Ross' LEVITILT and Steve Wigginton's ASDMOVE programs were both
used extensively. These utilities and the current version of SEE are
available in Compuserve FSFORUM Library 6.
I have a few tricks I came up with myself, but most of what I know I
learned from the gang in Compuserve Flight Simulation Forum (GO
FSFORUM). My thanks to Rick Lee, Jim Ross, Laemming Wheeler, Charlie
Gulick, Robert M. MacKay, and the rest of the FS community there for
making all this ASD design work so much fun!
---------------------------------------------------------------------
ASD scenery and documentation copyright Mike Barrs 1991
All rights reserved.