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*********************************************************** * * * USER'S PERSPECTIVE -- An Introduction * * * * for * * * * ZCPR3 -- Z80 Command Processor Replacement, Version 3 * * * *********************************************************** by Richard Conn User's Perspective 11 June 1984 ZCPR3 Version 3.0 Copyright (c) 1984 by Richard Conn All Rights Reserved Thσáá ZCPR│á System¼áá includinτá it≤á utilitie≤áá anΣáá it≤ ì documentatioε files¼á i≤ copyright¼á 1984¼á b∙ RicharΣ Conn« Thσ ì appendi° list≤ al∞ file≤ covereΣ b∙ thi≤ copyright. CP/═ i≤ ß registereΣ trademarδ oµ Digita∞ Research. WordStar is a registered trademark of Micropro. .pa è.pn 1 .po 5 .he ZCPR3 from the User's Perspective THE USER'S PERSPECTIVE - AN INTRODUCTION TO ZCPR3 by Richard Conn Thσá ZCPR│ Systeφ i≤ ß collectioε oµ program≤á baseΣá arounΣ ì thσá ZCPR│á CommanΣ Processor«á Forminτ aε integrateΣ systeφá oµ ì tools¼á thσá ZCPR│á Systeφá offer≤ ßá numbe≥á oµá convenien⌠á anΣ ì sometime≤á morσá user-friendl∙á feature≤ t∩ thσá CP/═á 2.▓á user« ì Maintaininτá CP/═á 2.▓á compatibilit∙á a⌠ al∞á time≤á (al∞á knowε ì commercia∞áá CP/═áá 2.▓áá program≤á ruεáá unde≥áá ZCPR│áá withou⌠ ì modification)¼á thσ ZCPR│ Systeφ bring≤ t∩ it≤ user≤ ß variet∙ oµ ì tool≤á whicΦá conceptuall∙á implemen⌠á feature≤á founΣá iεá othe≥ ì operatinτá systems¼á includinτ TOPS-2░ (1)¼á UNI╪ (2)¼á NO╙á (3)¼ ì MULTIC╙á (4)¼á anΣ VM╙ (5)¼á anΣ tool≤ whicΦá implemen⌠á feature≤ ì uniquσ t∩ thσ ZCPR│ Systeφ (t∩ m∙ knowledge). Thi≤á Introductioεá i≤ intendeΣ t∩ outlinσ somσ oµá thσá ke∙ ì feature≤á oµá thσá ZCPR│á Systeφá froφá thσá user'≤á perspective« ì Knowledgσ oµ CP/═ 2.▓ i≤ assumed¼á anΣ somσ experiencσ witΦ ZCPR▓ ì i≤á usefu∞á iε orde≥ t∩ understanΣ thσ followinτ presentatioεá iε ì detail«á Thσá majo≥á feature≤á oµ thσá ZCPR│á Systeφá whicΦá arσ ì describeΣ iε thi≤ Introductioε include: o Directories o Wheel Users and Passwords o Command Lines o Command Processing o Error Handlers o Resident Command Packages o Aliases o Flow Command Packages o "Secure" Systems o ZEX Command Files o Shells o Z3TCAP o Variable o Screen-Oriented Terminal o MENU Configuration o VFILER Thσá followinτ screeε display≤ arσ intendeΣ t∩ conve∙á idea≤ ì only«á Thesσá display≤ werσ generateΣ whilσ thσ ZCPR│ Systeφ wa≤ ì beinτá developed¼á anΣ thσ versioε number≤ anΣ operatioεá oµá thσ ì ZCPR│á utilitie≤á a≤ distributeΣ diffe≥ froφ thosσ showε iεá thi≤ ì document. ---- Trademarks ---- (1) TOPS-20 - Digital Equipment Corporation (2) UNIX - Bell Laboratories (3) NOS - Control Data Corporation (4) MULTICS - Honeywell (5) VMS - Digital Equipment Corporation .fo ZCPR3 Directories # 1. D i r e c t o r i e s ááááááááá Unde≥ ZCPR3¼ ß logica∞ disδ caε bσ though⌠ oµ ì ááááááááát∩á contaiε tw∩ type≤ oµ directories«á Onσ i≤á thσ ì áááááááááphysica∞ directory¼á whicΦ i≤ usuall∙ locateΣá jus⌠ ì áááááááááafte≥á thσá systeφ track≤ oεá mos⌠á floppies«á Thσ ì áááááááááothe≥ i≤ thσ logica∞ directory¼á iε whicΦ eacΦ filσ ì áááááááááoεá ßá disδá ha≤ ß use≥ numbe≥ associateΣá witΦá i⌠ ì ááááááááá(froφ ░ t∩ 31)¼á anΣ thσ combinatioε oµ ß disδá anΣ ì áááááááááuse≥áá numbe≥áá identifie≤á uniquel∙á thσáá logica∞ ì ááááááááádirector∙ iε whicΦ thσ filσ belongs«á DDT.CO═á ma∙ ì ááááááááábσ locateΣ oε disδ A¼á use≥ 5¼á whilσ tw∩ copie≤ oµ ì áááááááááED.CO═ ma∙ bσ locateΣ oε disδ A¼ use≥ ╡ anΣ disδ A¼ ì áááááááááuse≥ 0«á Thσ combinatioε oµ thσ disδ referencσ anΣ ì áááááááááuse≥á numbe≥ identifie≤ thσ logica∞ director∙ whicΦ ì áááááááááa file belongs in. ááááááááá Thσ logica∞ director∙ i≤ usuall∙ indicateΣ a≤ ì ááááááááápar⌠á oµ thσ prompt«á Iε thσ example≤á below¼á thσ ì áááááááááreade≥ caε seσ thσ logica∞ director∙ referreΣ t∩ b∙ ì áááááááááit≤ disδ anΣ use≥ numbe≥ and¼á iε mos⌠ cases¼á b∙ ß ì ááááááááánamσ associateΣ witΦ thσ disδ anΣ use≥ number« Thσ ì áááááááááfollowinτá example≤á illustratσ thσ usσ oµá thσá D╒ ì ááááááááá(disk/user⌐ forφ anΣ thσ DI╥ (director∙ name⌐á forφ ì ááááááááát∩ loτ int∩ variou≤ use≥ area≤ anΣ directories. A0:BASE>15: A15:ROOT>4: A4>b: B4:WORK4>0: B0:WORK1>a14: A14>a0: A0:BASE>root: A15:ROOT>work2: ááááááááá Command≤ ma∙ usσ eithe≥ thσ D╒ o≥ DI╥ forφ t∩ ì áááááááááreferencσá thσ logica∞ directorie≤ the∙ arσ t∩á ac⌠ ì áááááááááupon« Interpretatioε oµ thσ namσ oµ ß director∙ i≤ ì ááááááááábuil⌠á int∩ thσ ZCPR│ commanΣ processo≥ itself¼á s∩ ì áááááááááever∙á commanΣ caε worδ witΦ thσ D╒ anΣá DI╥á form≤ ì áááááááááwitΦ equa∞ ease. ááááááááá Command≤á likσá DBAS┼ whicΦ don'⌠ kno≈á abou⌠ ì áááááááááthσ D╒ o≥ DI╥ form≤ wil∞ usuall∙ jus⌠ pa∙ attentioε ì ááááááááát∩á thσá disδ referenceΣ anΣ no⌠ thσá use≥á number« ì áááááááááFo≥ command≤ likσ these¼ i⌠ i≤ usuall∙ bes⌠ t∩ jus⌠ ì áááááááááemplo∙á thσá disδ lette≥ wheεá referrinτá t∩á thei≥ ì áááááááááarguments. B1:WORK2>dir base: RHEX .COM 2 A0:BASE -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 206K Left) B1:WORK2>base: ááááááááá Thσáá PW─á commanΣá display≤á thσá name≤á anΣ ì áááááááááassociateΣá D╒á form≤á oµá al∞á directorie≤áá whicΦ ì ááááááááácurrentl∙ááá havσááá name≤áá assigneΣáá t∩ááá them« ì áááááááááAdditionally¼ wheε usinτ thσ DI╥ forφ t∩ loτ int∩ ß ì ááááááááádirector∙ (seσ PRIVAT┼ below)¼ ß director∙ s∩ nameΣ ì áááááááááma∙ havσ ß passworΣ associateΣ witΦ it« Iµ so¼ thσ ì áááááááááuse≥ i≤ prompteΣ fo≥ thi≤ passworΣ anΣ thσá commanΣ ì áááááááááwil∞á fai∞á iµá hσá doe≤ no⌠á providσá thσá correc⌠ ì ááááááááápassword. A0:BASE>pwd PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE A 15: ROOT B 0: WORK1 B 1: WORK2 B 2: WORK3 B 4: WORK4 B 5: TEXT B 6: MAIL A0:BASE>private: PW? unknown A0:BASE>private: PW? mypass A1:PRIVATE>dir A1:PRIVATE -- 0 Files Using 0K ( 206K Left) A1:PRIVATE>base: A0:BASE>dir private: PW? mypass A1:PRIVATE -- 0 Files Using 0K ( 206K Left) A0:BASE>dir a1: A1:PRIVATE -- 0 Files Using 0K ( 206K Left) .fo Wheel Users and Passwords # 2. W h e e l U s e r s a n d P a s s w o r d s ááááááááá PassworΣá protectioε i≤ commoεá unde≥á ZCPR3« ì áááááááááSevera∞á oµ thσ ZCPR│ utilitie≤ responΣ onσ wa∙á iµ ì áááááááááthσ use≥ i≤ privelegeΣ (ß Wheel⌐ o≥ no⌠ priveleged« ì ááááááááá┴á use≥á become≤á privelegeΣ b∙ runninτá thσá WHEE╠ ì ááááááááácommanΣ anΣ givinτ thσ Whee∞ Password. A0:BASE>mkdir MKDIR, Version 3.0 Permission to Run MKDIR Denied - Not Wheel A0:BASE>pwd pass PWD, Version 1.0 Password Request Denied - Not Wheel DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE A 15: ROOT B 0: WORK1 B 1: WORK2 B 2: WORK3 B 4: WORK4 B 5: TEXT B 6: MAIL A0:BASE>wheel /s WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Password? Wheel Byte is ON A0:BASE>pwd pass PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name - Password DU : DIR Name - Password ---- -------- -------- ---- -------- -------- A 0: BASE - A 1: PRIVATE - MYPASS A 15: ROOT - B 0: WORK1 - B 1: WORK2 - B 2: WORK3 - B 4: WORK4 - B 5: TEXT - B 6: MAIL - A0:BASE>private: PW? mypass A1:PRIVATE>root: A15:ROOT>mkdir sys.ndr MKDIR, Version 3.0 MKDIR Command (? for Help)? C ** MKDIR Change Mode ** Directory Entry (?<RETURN> for Help)? a2:priv2 Adding PRIV2 -- Password? mypass2 10 Entries in Directory Directory Entry (?<RETURN> for Help)? DU : DIR Name - Password DU : DIR Name - Password ---- -------- -------- ---- -------- -------- A 0: BASE - A 1: PRIVATE - MYPASS A 2: PRIV2 - MYPASS2 A 15: ROOT - B 0: WORK1 - B 1: WORK2 - B 2: WORK3 - B 4: WORK4 - B 5: TEXT - B 6: MAIL - Directory Entry (?<RETURN> for Help)? x MKDIR Command (? for Help)? X Directory has changed since last Write Do you want to write Directory to Disk (Y/N)? Y Name of File (<RETURN> = A 15: SYS .NDR)? special.ndr Writing Directory to Disk ... Done ááááááááá Iµá ß use≥ know≤ thσ righ⌠ password≤ anΣá ha≤ ì áááááááááthσ prope≥ Whee∞ privelege¼ hσ caε radicall∙ changσ ì áááááááááthσ director∙ structure¼á bringinτ ne≈á directorie≤ ì áááááááááwhicΦ werσ previousl∙ undefineΣ int∩ existence. ááááááááá Thσá abilit∙á t∩ loτ int∩ ß director∙ caεá bσ ì ááááááááácontrolleΣ b∙ thσ installer« A⌠ installatioε time¼ ì áááááááááthσá abilit∙á t∩ usσ D╒ anΣ DI╥ form≤ t∩á loτá int∩ ì ááááááááádirectorie≤áá o≥á referencσá directorie≤áá caεáá bσ ì áááááááááestablished« Oε ß morσ securσ system¼ fo≥ example¼ ì áááááááááthσá abilit∙á t∩á usσ thσ D╒ forφá ma∙á bσá denied« ì áááááááááThen¼á onl∙á directorie≤á defineΣá b∙ namσá ma∙á bσ ì áááááááááaccesseΣ (DI╥ form)¼ and¼ iµ thesσ directorie≤ havσ ì ááááááááápassword≤áá associateΣá witΦáá them¼áá thσáá prope≥ ì ááááááááápassword≤ mus⌠ bσ given. A15:ROOT>ldr special.ndr ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SPECIAL.NDR A15:ROOT>pwd PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE A 2: PRIV2 A 15: ROOT B 0: WORK1 B 1: WORK2 B 2: WORK3 B 4: WORK4 B 5: TEXT B 6: MAIL A15:ROOT>priv2: PW? mypass2 A2:PRIV2>wheel system r WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Byte is OFF A2:PRIV2>pwd pass PWD, Version 1.0 Password Request Denied - Not Wheel DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE A 2: PRIV2 A 15: ROOT B 0: WORK1 B 1: WORK2 B 2: WORK3 B 4: WORK4 B 5: TEXT B 6: MAIL .fo Command Lines # 3. C o m m a n d L i n e s ááááááááá Thσáá followinτá termina∞á sessioεáá extract≤ ì áááááááááshoulΣá bσá clea≥ abou⌠ commanΣ line≤ unde≥á ZCPR3« ì áááááááááComment≤ arσ includeΣ iε thσ termina∞ sessions. A0:BASE>; Any Line beginning with a semicolon is a comment A0:BASE>note Any line whose verb is the word "NOTE" is a comment A0:BASE>note NOTE is handy to insert comments into lines with more than A0:BASE>note one command in them A0:BASE>note Such lines separate commands with a semicolon A0:BASE>dir;note I just did a directory display RHEX .COM 2 A0:BASE -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 204K Left) A0:BASE>dir;NOTE This line contains 3 commands (incl one NOTE);dir root: RHEX .COM 2 A0:BASE -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 204K Left) MYTERM .Z3T 2r| SPECIAL .NDR 2 | SYS .ENV 2r| SYS .FCP 2r SYS .NDR 2r| SYS .RCP 2r| SYS1 .FCP 2r| SYS1 .RCP 2r SYS2 .FCP 2r| SYS2 .RCP 2r| SYS3 .RCP 2r| Z3TCAP .TCP 8r A15:ROOT -- 12 Files Using 30K ( 204K Left) A0:BASE>era *.com i;dir;NOTE See the extended options on the basic commands? RHEX .COM - Erase (Y/N)? n RHEX .COM 2 A0:BASE -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 204K Left) .fo Command Processing # 4. C o m m a n d P r o c e s s i n g ááááááááá Wheεá ßá ZCPR│á use≥á issue≤á ßá command¼áá ß ì ááááááááásequencσ oµ event≤ take≤ placσ iε orde≥ t∩ identif∙ ì ááááááááátha⌠ commanΣ anΣ executσ it. ááááááááá This sequence is outlined briefly: ááááááááá 1⌐ thσ commanΣ i≤ parsed╗ thσ firs⌠ worΣ ì áááááááááiεá thσ commanΣ linσ (o≥ sublinσ iµ semicolon≤á arσ ì áááááááááuseΣá t∩á placσá severa∞ command≤ oε onσá line⌐á i≤ ì ááááááááátaken to be the name of the command ááááááááá 2⌐á ZCPR│ check≤ t∩ seσ iµ thi≤á commanΣ ì ááááááááái≤á ß Flo≈ CommanΣ (IF/ELSE/FI/XIF)¼á and¼á iµá so¼ ì áááááááááZCPR3 runs the command ááááááááá 3⌐á ZCPR│á theεá check≤ t∩á seσá iµá thσ ì ááááááááácurren⌠á I╞ conditioε i≤ TRUE╗á IF≤ ma∙á bσá nesteΣ ì áááááááááeigh⌠á level≤ dee≡ unde≥ ZCPR3╗á iµ thσ curren⌠á I╞ ì áááááááááconditioε i≤ TRUE¼ ZCPR│ continues¼ elsσ i⌠ flushe≤ ì áááááááááthe command and goes on to the next command ááááááááá 4⌐á ZCPR│á theεá check≤ t∩á seσá iµá thσ ì ááááááááácommanΣá i≤ buil⌠ int∩ thσ ZCPR│ CommanΣá Processo≥ ì áááááááááitself╗ iµ so¼ ZCPR│ run≤ thσ command ááááááááá 5⌐á ZCPR│á theεá check≤ t∩á seσá iµá thσ ì ááááááááácommanΣ i≤ buil⌠ int∩ thσ curren⌠ Residen⌠á CommanΣ ì áááááááááPackage (RCP); if so, ZCPR3 runs the command ááááááááá 6⌐ ZCPR│ theε searche≤ alonτ ß serie≤ oµ ì ááááááááádirectorie≤á indicateΣ b∙ ß command-searcΦ patΦ fo≥ ì áááááááááßá CO═ filσ witΦ thσ samσ namσ a≤ thσá command╗á iµ ì áááááááááfound, ZCPR3 loads the COM file and runs it ááááááááá 7⌐ finally¼á iµ al∞ oµ thσ abovσá fails¼ ì áááááááááZCPR│á invoke≤á aεá erro≥ handle≥á o≥á aεá extendeΣ ì ááááááááácommanΣá processo≥á t∩á proces≤ thσ commanΣá a≤á aε ì áááááááááerror or to try to resolve it further ááááááááá Some examples: A0:BASE>work2: B1:WORK2>dir B1:WORK2 -- 0 Files Using 0K ( 302K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE in many ZCPR3 systems, you will find RCPs - B1:WORK2>NOTE Resident Command Packages B1:WORK2>NOTE this system has several, located in the ROOT B1:WORK2>dir root:*.rcp SYS .RCP 2r| SYS1 .RCP 2r| SYS2 .RCP 2r| SYS3 .RCP 2r A15:ROOT -- 4 Files Using 8K ( 204K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE SYS.RCP is the default RCP I use B1:WORK2>NOTE the H command tells the user what RCP he has loaded and B1:WORK2>NOTE what commands are available in it B1:WORK2>h SYS 1.0A CP ECHO ERA LIST NOTE P POKE PROT REN TYPE B1:WORK2>NOTE there are 10 commands in this RCP B1:WORK2>cp work2:=base:rhex.com Done B1:WORK2>dir RHEX .COM 2 B1:WORK2 -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 300K Left) B1:WORK2>cp rhex2.com=rhex.com Done B1:WORK2>dir RHEX .COM 2 | RHEX2 .COM 2 B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 298K Left) B1:WORK2>era *.com i RHEX .COM - Erase (Y/N)? n RHEX2 .COM - Erase (Y/N)? y B1:WORK2>cp rhex1.com=rhex.com;cp rhex2.com=rhex.com Done Done B1:WORK2>prot *.* r RHEX .COM Set to R/O RHEX1 .COM Set to R/O RHEX2 .COM Set to R/O B1:WORK2>dir RHEX .COM 2r| RHEX1 .COM 2r| RHEX2 .COM 2r B1:WORK2 -- 3 Files Using 6K ( 296K Left) B1:WORK2>prot rhex1.com RHEX1 .COM Set to R/W B1:WORK2>era *.com RHEX .COM is R/O RHEX1 .COM RHEX2 .COM is R/O B1:WORK2>dir RHEX .COM 2r| RHEX2 .COM 2r B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 298K Left) B1:WORK2>echo this command simply echos the command line, as in messages THIS COMMAND SIMPLY ECHOS THE COMMAND LINE, AS IN MESSAGES B1:WORK2>ed demo.txt NEW FILE : *i 1: This is a test 2: This is only a test 3: : *e B1:WORK2>cp demo2.txt=demo.txt Done B1:WORK2>dir *.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO2 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 294K Left) B1:WORK2>ren demo1.txt=demo2.txt B1:WORK2>cp demo2.txt=demo.txt Done B1:WORK2>dir *.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 | DEMO2 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 3 Files Using 6K ( 292K Left) B1:WORK2>ren demo1.txt=demo2.txt DEMO1 .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? n B1:WORK2>type demo.txt This is a test This is only a test B1:WORK2>type *.txt This is a test This is only a test Typing DEMO .TXT - This is a test This is only a test Typing DEMO1 .TXT - This is a test This is only a test B1:WORK2>p 8000 801f;NOTE I look at memory Peek at 8000 8000 - C3 29 00 C3 CE 80 C3 47 81 C3 82 81 C3 67 81 C3 |C).CN.CG.C..Cg.C| 8010 - 7E 81 C3 E9 80 C3 22 81 C3 10 81 80 F3 00 00 11 |~.Ci.C".C...s...| B1:WORK2>p 0 f;NOTE anywhere in memory Peek at 0000 0000 - C3 03 E2 01 11 C3 06 D4 00 FF 00 FF 00 FF 00 FF |C.b..C.T........| B1:WORK2>poke 8000 1 2 3 "this is a test Poke at 8000 B1:WORK2>p 8000 801f Peek at 8000 8000 - 01 02 03 54 48 49 53 20 49 53 20 41 20 54 45 53 |...THIS IS A TES| 8010 - 54 81 C3 E9 80 C3 22 81 C3 10 81 80 F3 00 00 11 |T.Ci.C".C...s...| B1:WORK2>NOTE the RCP commands can be changed by loading a new RCP B1:WORK2>ldr root:sys3.rcp ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SYS3.RCP B1:WORK2>h SYS 1.0C CP ECHO ERA NOTE P POKE REN TYPE WHL WHLQ B1:WORK2>cp demo3.txt=demo.txt No Wheel B1:WORK2>era *.txt No Wheel B1:WORK2>wheel system s WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Byte is ON B1:WORK2>cp demo3.txt=demo.txt Done ááááááááá Somσ example≤ oµ Flo≈ Commands¼á invokeΣ froφ ì áááááááááFlo≈ CommanΣ Package≤ (FCPs⌐ follow: B1:WORK2>NOTE now for Flow Command Packages: B1:WORK2>NOTE under FCPs, we have IF/ELSE/FI (ENDIF)/XIF (Exit All IFs) B1:WORK2>NOTE Flow Commands: B1:WORK2>if exist demo.txt IF T B1:WORK2>type demo.txt This is a test This is only a test B1:WORK2>else IF F B1:WORK2>type demo2.txt B1:WORK2>fi To No IF B1:WORK2>if ~exist demo.txt IF F B1:WORK2>type demo.txt B1:WORK2>else IF T B1:WORK2>type demo2.txt This is a test This is only a test B1:WORK2>fi To No IF B1:WORK2>if exist *.txt IF T B1:WORK2>type demo.txt This is a test This is only a test B1:WORK2>echo we are in a TRUE IF WE ARE IN A TRUE IF B1:WORK2>xif To No IF B1:WORK2>NOTE IFs can be nested up to 8 levels deep: B1:WORK2>if exist demo.txt IF T B1:WORK2>if exist demo2.txt IF T B1:WORK2>if exist demo.txt IF T B1:WORK2>if exist demo3.txt IF T B1:WORK2>else IF F B1:WORK2>fi To IF T B1:WORK2>fi;fi;fi To IF T To IF T To No IF ááááááááá CommanΣ file≤ anΣ commanΣ filσ processor≤ arσ ì ááááááááádiscusseΣ next«á ZEX¼á ß memory-baseΣ commanΣ filσ ì áááááááááprocessor¼á i≤á designeΣ t∩ bσ thσá principa∞á too∞ ì áááááááááused. B1:WORK2>NOTE ZEX is the command-file processor, memory-based B1:WORK2>NOTE Under ZEX, there is a GOTO command which works B1:WORK2>NOTE in conjunction with IFs to provide looping capability B1:WORK2>ed demo.zex NEW FILE : *i 1: NOTE Set Register 1 to 0;reg s1 0 2: ;=loop 3: NOTE Exit all pending IFs;xif 4: NOTE Add 1 to Register 1;reg p1 5: NOTE Test for end of loop;if ~1 3 6: NOTE Branch to LOOP if Register 1 <> 3;goto loop 7: NOTE Done with IF if Register 1 = 3;fi 8: : *e B1:WORK2>type demo.zex NOTE Set Register 1 to 0;reg s1 0 ;=loop NOTE Exit all pending IFs;xif NOTE Add 1 to Register 1;reg p1 NOTE Test for end of loop;if ~1 3 NOTE Branch to LOOP if Register 1 <> 3;goto loop NOTE Done with IF if Register 1 = 3;fi ááááááááá Herσá i≤ aε actua∞ ruε oµ ß ZE╪ commanΣá filσ ì ááááááááá(DEMO.ZEX⌐ whicΦ illustrate≤ looping: B1:WORK2>zex demo ZEX, Version 3.0 -- Pass 1 -- B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Set Register 1 to 0;reg s1 0 REG, Version 1.0 Reg 1 = 0 B1:WORK2> ZEX: ;=loop B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Exit all pending IFs;xif To No IF B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Add 1 to Register 1;reg p1 REG, Version 1.0 Reg 1 = 1 B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Test for end of loop;if ~1 3 IF T B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Branch to LOOP if Register 1 <> 3;goto loop GOTO Label LOOP -- Pass 2 -- B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Exit all pending IFs;xif To No IF B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Add 1 to Register 1;reg p1 REG, Version 1.0 Reg 1 = 2 B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Test for end of loop;if ~1 3 IF T B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Branch to LOOP if Register 1 <> 3;goto loop GOTO Label LOOP -- Pass 3 -- B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Exit all pending IFs;xif To No IF B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Add 1 to Register 1;reg p1 REG, Version 1.0 Reg 1 = 3 B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Test for end of loop;if ~1 3 IF F -- Done -- B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Branch to LOOP if Register 1 <> 4;goto loop B1:WORK2> ZEX: NOTE Done with IF if Register 1 = 3;fi To No IF B1:WORK2> ZEX: Done> ááááááááá Thσá examplσ abovσ wa≤ fo≥ academiπ purposes« ì áááááááááTw∩ example≤ oµ ZE╪ commanΣ file≤ whicΦ ╔ usσ ever∙ ì áááááááááda∙á follow«á Onσ commanΣ filσ assemble≤á program≤ ì áááááááááfo≥ mσ usinτ thσ MA├ assembler¼á anΣ thσ othe≥ use≤ ì áááááááááthσ M8░ assemble≥ witΦ none¼á one¼á two¼á three¼ o≥ ì áááááááááfou≥ libraries¼á generatinτ differen⌠ commanΣ line≤ ì ááááááááádependinτ upoε ho≈ man∙ librarie≤ werσ specifieΣ iε ì áááááááááthσ origina∞ commanΣ line. ---- Command File for MAC Assembly ---- ; MAC -- CP/M Standard MACRO Assembler and Loader MAC $1 $$PZ SZ IF INPUT Type N or F to Abort if Errors Exist ERA $1.BAK ERA $1.COM MLOAD $1 FI ERA $1.HEX ; Assembly Complete ---- Command File for M80 Assembly ---- ; ; M80.ZEX -- MACRO-80 Assembler and Linker ; Up to 4 Libraries Specified ; ; ^& Suppress FALSE IF Printout ; if nul $1 ;note Print Error Message echo **** No Parameter Specified **** else ;note Perform Assembly M80 =$1 if input Type T to Continue or F to Abort (in case of Errors) ERA $1.BAK ERA $1.COM if ~nul $5 ;note Link 4 Additional Libraries L80 /P:100,$1,$2/S,$3/S,$4/S,$5/S,A:Z3LIB/S,A:SYSLIB/S,$1/N,/U,/E goto done fi if ~nul $4 ;note Link 3 Additional Libraries L80 /P:100,$1,$2/S,$3/S,$4/S,A:Z3LIB/S,A:SYSLIB/S,$1/N,/U,/E goto done fi if ~nul $3 ;note Link 2 Additional Libraries L80 /P:100,$1,$2/S,$3/S,A:Z3LIB/S,A:SYSLIB/S,$1/N,/U,/E goto done fi if ~nul $2 ;note Link 1 Additional Library L80 /P:100,$1,$2/S,A:Z3LIB/S,A:SYSLIB/S,$1/N,/U,/E goto done else ;note Standard Link L80 /P:100,$1,A:Z3LIB/S,A:SYSLIB/S,$1/N,/U,/E ;=done Done with Link fi ;note on IF ~NUL Tests fi ;note on IF INPUT ERA $1.REL fi ;note on IF NUL ; ; Assembly Complete ; .fo Error Handlers # 5. E r r o r H a n d l e r s ááááááááá Erro≥á Handler≤á arσá program≤á whicΦá handlσ ì ááááááááácommanΣ linσ error≤ iε ß "niceó way«á The∙ ma∙á bσ ì áááááááááuseΣ anywhere¼á includinτ withiε ZE╪ commanΣ files« ì ááááááááá┴ fe≈ examples: B1:WORK2>NOTE There are a number of error handlers on this system: B1:WORK2>dir root:error?.com s ERROR1 .COM 2r| ERROR2 .COM 4r| ERROR3 .COM 2r| ERROR4 .COM 2r A15:ROOT -- 4 Files Using 10K ( 204K Left) ááááááááá Erro≥ Handler≤ arσ installeΣ b∙ simpl∙ givinτ ì ááááááááátheir name. B1:WORK2>error4 ERROR4, Version 1.0 Error Handler Installed B1:WORK2>NOTE ERROR4 is a simpler error handler B1:WORK2>NOTE with the invalid command "XXXX";xxxx File XXXX.COM Not Found B1:WORK2>NOTE ERROR4 simply says what happened ááááááááá Erro≥á Handler≤á ma∙á var∙á iεá feature≤á anΣ ì ááááááááácomplexity«á ERROR▒á i≤ onσ oµ thσá morσá complex« ì áááááááááERROR2¼ b∙ thσ way¼ i≤ ß screen-orienteΣ versioε oµ ì áááááááááERROR1¼á usinτ reversσ vide∩ anΣ curso≥ addressing« ì áááááááááSee the section on Z3TCAP later for more details. B1:WORK2>error1;NOTE ERROR1 is a more sophisticated error handler ERROR1, Version 1.0 Error Handler Installed B1:WORK2>xxxx ERROR1, Version 1.0 Error Line is: XXXX Options are: 1. Replace Command in Error with a New Command Replace XXXX 2. Advance to Next Command and Resume Processing Advance to 3. Replace Entire Line with a New Line Replace XXXX 4. Throw Away Entire Line and Continue Throw Away XXXX Select Option - 1 Replacement Command? dir DEMO .BAK 0 | DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO .ZEX 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 DEMO2 .TXT 2 | DEMO3 .TXT 2 | RHEX .COM 2r| RHEX2 .COM 2r B1:WORK2 -- 8 Files Using 14K ( 288K Left) B1:WORK2>xxxx;dir *.com ERROR1, Version 1.0 Error Line is: XXXX;DIR *.COM Options are: 1. Replace Command in Error with a New Command Replace XXXX 2. Advance to Next Command and Resume Processing Advance to DIR *.COM 3. Replace Entire Line with a New Line Replace XXXX;DIR *.COM 4. Throw Away Entire Line and Continue Throw Away XXXX;DIR *.COM Select Option - 2 RHEX .COM 2r| RHEX2 .COM 2r B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 288K Left) .fo Aliases # 6. A l i a s e s ááááááááá Aliase≤á arσ CO═ file≤ createΣ b∙á thσá ALIA╙ ì ááááááááácommanΣá whicΦá contaiε onσ o≥ morσá commanΣá line≤ ì áááááááááwhicΦá arσá invokeΣ wheε thσ Alia≤ namσá i≤á typed« ì áááááááááParamete≥á passinτ int∩ thσ commanΣ line≤ withiε aε ì áááááááááAlia≤á i≤ supporteΣ iε ß manne≥ simila≥ t∩á commanΣ ì áááááááááfilσ paramete≥ passing«á Aliase≤ arσ convenien⌠ t∩ ì ááááááááácreatσá commanΣ script≤ whicΦ arσ useΣá repeatedly¼ ì áááááááááanΣ thσ specia∞ commands¼á sucΦ a≤ STARTU╨ (useΣ oε ì ááááááááácolΣ boo⌠ t∩ ruε ß serie≤ oµ program≤ t∩ initializσ ì áááááááááthe system), are created as Aliases. B1:WORK2>NOTE you have to be a WHEEL to create ALIASes B1:WORK2>wheel /s WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Password? Wheel Byte is ON B1:WORK2>NOTE a number of parameters and some information can be determined B1:WORK2>NOTE and expanded by an alias B1:WORK2>alias ALIAS, Version 1.0 Input Alias (RETURN to Abort) --> echo The name of this Alias is $0; <-- I ended these echo The current DU is $d$u:; <-- lines with ^E echo and the first 4 parameters are:; echo $1 $2 $3 $4 Name of ALIAS Command (RETURN to Abort)? cmdstat Alias Created B1:WORK2>NOTE the alias is a very short file (under 2K) B1:WORK2>dir cmdstat.com CMDSTAT .COM 2 B1:WORK2 -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 292K Left) B1:WORK2>cmdstat THE NAME OF THIS ALIAS IS CMDSTAT THE CURRENT DU IS B1: AND THE FIRST 4 PARAMETERS ARE: B1:WORK2>cmdstat this is a very short demo THE NAME OF THIS ALIAS IS CMDSTAT THE CURRENT DU IS B1: AND THE FIRST 4 PARAMETERS ARE: THIS IS A VERY B1:WORK2>cmdstat hello, world THE NAME OF THIS ALIAS IS CMDSTAT THE CURRENT DU IS B1: AND THE FIRST 4 PARAMETERS ARE: HELLO, WORLD B1:WORK2>NOTE aliases are convenient for a number of things -- B1:WORK2>NOTE they are intended primarily to replace tedious command B1:WORK2>NOTE sequences with a simple command B1:WORK2>alias ALIAS, Version 1.0 Input Alias (RETURN to Abort) --> dir $1;era $1 i;dir $1 Name of ALIAS Command (RETURN to Abort)? exera Alias Created B1:WORK2>NOTE I now have an ALIAS which displays a directory of selected B1:WORK2>NOTE files, allows me to erase them with inspection, and then B1:WORK2>NOTE displays the same directory again to let me see the B1:WORK2>NOTE results B1:WORK2>dir CMDSTAT .COM 2 | DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO .ZEX 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 DEMO2 .TXT 2 | DEMO3 .TXT 2 | EXERA .COM 2 | RHEX .COM 2r RHEX2 .COM 2r B1:WORK2 -- 9 Files Using 18K ( 284K Left) ááááááááá The following runs an Alias: B1:WORK2>exera demo?.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 | DEMO2 .TXT 2 | DEMO3 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 4 Files Using 8K ( 284K Left) DEMO .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? n DEMO1 .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? y DEMO2 .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? y DEMO3 .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? n DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO3 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 288K Left) B1:WORK2>exera demo3.txt DEMO3 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 288K Left) DEMO3 .TXT - Erase (Y/N)? y B1:WORK2 -- 0 Files Using 0K ( 290K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE also, since IFs are everywhere, they can be used in aliases: B1:WORK2>alias ALIAS, Version 1.0 Input Alias (RETURN to Abort) --> if exist $1;type $1 p;fi Name of ALIAS Command (RETURN to Abort)? typeit Alias Created B1:WORK2>typeit demo.txt IF T This is a test This is only a test To No IF B1:WORK2>cp demo1.txt=demo.txt Done B1:WORK2>dir demo?.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 2 Files Using 4K ( 286K Left) B1:WORK2>typeit demo?.txt IF T This is a test This is only a test Typing DEMO .TXT - This is a test This is only a test To No IF B1:WORK2>typeit nofile.txt IF F To No IF B1:WORK2>NOTE or I can expand TYPEIT to be better B1:WORK2>alias typeit ALIAS, Version 1.0 Alias Name: TYPEIT Old Alias Command Line: 1 --> IF EXIST $1; 2 --> TYPE $1 P; 3 --> FI Input Alias (RETURN to Abort) --> if exist $1;type $1 p;else;echo file $1 not found;fi File TYPEIT .COM Exists - Overwrite (Y/N)? Y Alias Created B1:WORK2>typeit demo.txt IF T This is a test This is only a test IF F To No IF B1:WORK2>typeit nofile.txt IF F IF T FILE NOFILE.TXT NOT FOUND To No IF .fo Shells # 7. S h e l l s ááááááááá ZCPR│á Shell≤ arσ front-end≤ whicΦ providσá ß ì áááááááááuse≥ interfacσ iε placσ oµ thσ norma∞ ZCPR│ prompt« ì áááááááááThσá followinτ termina∞ session≤ sho≈ thσ MEN╒á anΣ ì áááááááááS╚ shell≤ iε action. B1:WORK2>NOTE Shells are Front-End Processors which can run in place B1:WORK2>NOTE of the ZCPR3 Command Processor B1:WORK2>NOTE Actually, the ZCPR3 Command Processor is still being B1:WORK2>NOTE used, but it is transparent to the user now B1:WORK2>NOTE Two shells I am going to demonstrate now are MENU and B1:WORK2>NOTE SH: B1:WORK2>dir root:menu.* a;dir root:sh*.* a MENU .COM 4r A15:ROOT -- 1 Files Using 4K ( 204K Left) SH .COM 4r| SHDEFINE.COM 4r| SHFILE .COM 2r| SHOW .COM 4r SHVAR .COM 4r A15:ROOT -- 5 Files Using 18K ( 204K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE The MENU shell consists of only MENU.COM B1:WORK2>NOTE The SH shell is SH.COM, but can use SHDEFINE, SHFILE, and SHVAR B1:WORK2>NOTE for support B1:WORK2>NOTE First, MENU: B1:WORK2>ed menu.cpr NEW FILE : *i 1: -dx 2: # 3: Sample Menu 4: D - Directory Display 5: Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 6: 7: 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently $f1) 8: 2 - Edit Working File 9: 3 - Type Working File 10: # 11: d!dir 12: z!"Enter Command Line -- " 13: 1setfile 1 "Enter File Name -- " 14: 2ed $f1 15: 3!type $f1 16: ## 17: : *e ááááááááá To run the MENU shell, just give its name. B1:WORK2>menu Shell Installed MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently .) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - D CMDSTAT .COM 2 | MENU .BAK 0 | DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO .ZEX 2 DEMO1 .TXT 2 | EXERA .COM 2 | MENU .CPR 2 | RHEX .COM 2r RHEX2 .COM 2r| TYPEIT .COM 2 B1:WORK2 -- 10 Files Using 18K ( 284K Left) MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently .) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - Z Enter Command Line -- dir *.com;era *.com i CMDSTAT .COM 2 | EXERA .COM 2 | RHEX .COM 2r| RHEX2 .COM 2r TYPEIT .COM 2 B1:WORK2 -- 5 Files Using 10K ( 284K Left) CMDSTAT .COM - Erase (Y/N)? y EXERA .COM - Erase (Y/N)? y RHEX .COM is R/O RHEX2 .COM is R/O TYPEIT .COM - Erase (Y/N)? y MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently .) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - Z Enter Command Line -- prot rhex?.com;era rhex?.com RHEX .COM Set to R/W RHEX2 .COM Set to R/W RHEX .COM RHEX2 .COM è MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently .) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - D DEMO .BAK 0 | DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO .ZEX 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 MENU .CPR 2 B1:WORK2 -- 5 Files Using 8K ( 294K Left) ááááááááá MEN╒ support≤ u≡ t∩ ┤ filσ name≤ whicΦ caε bσ ì áááááááááuseΣáá a≤á variable≤á withiεá MENU«áá Thσáá commoε ì áááááááááapplicatioεá i≤ t∩ usσ thesσ file≤ name≤ t∩ specif∙ ì áááááááááworkinτ files. MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently .) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 1 Enter File Name -- myfile.txt SETFILE, Version 1.0 File Name 1 is MYFILE .TXT MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 2 NEW FILE : *i 1: This is MYFILE.TXT 2: Isn't this fun? 3: : *b0p 1: This is MYFILE.TXT 2: Isn't this fun? 1: *e è MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 3 This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 2 : *#a 1: *i 1: I have modified MYFILE.TXT 2: 2: *b0p 1: I have modified MYFILE.TXT 2: This is MYFILE.TXT 3: Isn't this fun? 1: *e MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 3 I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - ^C B1:WORK2> ááááááááá Thσ followinτ i≤ ß demonstratioε oµ thσ ZCPR│ ì áááááááááNamed-Variablσ Shell¼á SH«á S╚ allows¼ amonτ othe≥ ì áááááááááthings¼á thσá use≥á t∩á specif∙á variable≤á iεá hi≤ ì ááááááááácommanΣ line≤ whicΦ arσ expandeΣ a≤ macro≤ wheε thσ ì ááááááááácommanΣá line≤á arσ interpreteΣá b∙á SH«á S╚á theε ì ááááááááápasse≤á thσá expandeΣá commanΣ line≤ t∩á thσá ZCPR│ ì áááááááááCommanΣ Processor¼ whicΦ execute≤ them. B1:WORK2>NOTE Now I will demonstrate SH B1:WORK2>sh Shell Installed B1:WORK2>> ;first, SH looks like the normal ZCPR3, except that the B1:WORK2>> ;prompt is >> B1:WORK2>> B1:WORK2>> ;commands run normally under SH: B1:WORK2>> dir *.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 | MYFILE .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 3 Files Using 6K ( 292K Left) B1:WORK2>> error4 ERROR4, Version 1.0 Error Handler Installed B1:WORK2>> NOTE Shells, like many things under ZCPR3, can be nested: B1:WORK2>> menu Shell Installed MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 3 I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - Z Enter Command Line -- NOTE and, when I exit, I'm back to SH MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - ^C B1:WORK2>> ; SH has some built-in commands, which can be determined by B1:WORK2>> ; a ? command: B1:WORK2>> ? SH Commands -- ? SHCMT SHECHO SHEXIT B1:WORK2>> ; guess what SHEXIT does: B1:WORK2>> shexit Exiting Shell B1:WORK2>NOTE oh, well, back to ZCPR3 ... but we were talking B1:WORK2>NOTE about SH: B1:WORK2>sh Shell Installed B1:WORK2>> ; SHCMT is intended to switch SH into a comment B1:WORK2>> ; mode, for times like this when I want to record B1:WORK2>> ; a lot of text and a few commands: B1:WORK2>> shcmt B1:WORK2; note that the prompt is now "B1:WORK2; " B1:WORK2; I don't have to type the leading ; or the word NOTE B1:WORK2; B1:WORK2; If I want to execute a command, I simply prefix it with B1:WORK2; an exclamation mark: B1:WORK2; !dir *.txt DEMO .TXT 2 | DEMO1 .TXT 2 | MYFILE .TXT 2 B1:WORK2 -- 3 Files Using 6K ( 292K Left) B1:WORK2; !menu Shell Installed MENU Version 3.0 Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - 3 èI have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? MENU Version 3.0 Strike Any Key - Sample Menu D - Directory Display Z - Run Any ZCPR3 Command 1 - Set Name of Working File (Currently MYFILE.TXT) 2 - Edit Working File 3 - Type Working File Command (<CR>=Menu, ^C=ZCPR3) - ^C B1:WORK2; and we are back: B1:WORK2; !? SH Commands -- ? SHCMT SHECHO SHEXIT B1:WORK2; all commands work that way under SH B1:WORK2; as I mentioned, SH is a Variable Shell B1:WORK2; by this I mean that it supports named variables, which B1:WORK2; can be defined (in groups) by SHDEFINE or one at a time B1:WORK2; by SHVAR B1:WORK2; B1:WORK2; SHVAR with no args displays the names of the current B1:WORK2; variables B1:WORK2; !shvar SHVAR, Version 1.0 Shell Variables -- -- No Variables Defined -- B1:WORK2; B1:WORK2; with an arg (actually, 2 args), SHVAR defines variables B1:WORK2; !shvar file1 myfile.txt SHVAR, Version 1.0 Shell Variable FILE1 = MYFILE.TXT Writing Shell Variable File SH .VAR B1:WORK2; B1:WORK2; and now I can reference variables by preceeding them with B1:WORK2; a % character B1:WORK2; !type %file1 I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; does the same as B1:WORK2; !type myfile.txt I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; note that SH variables can only be used under SH B1:WORK2; don't confuse these with aliases, which can be used B1:WORK2; anywhere, including under SH B1:WORK2; !alias ALIAS, Version 1.0 Input Alias (RETURN to Abort) --> echo hello, world - my name is $0 Name of ALIAS Command (RETURN to Abort)? hello Alias Created B1:WORK2; !hello HELLO, WORLD - MY NAME IS HELLO B1:WORK2; !shexit Exiting Shell B1:WORK2>hello HELLO, WORLD - MY NAME IS HELLO B1:WORK2>sh Shell Installed B1:WORK2>> shcmt B1:WORK2; also, SH variables can be referenced by other SH variables, B1:WORK2; up to 20 levels deep: B1:WORK2; !shvar cmddemo type %%file1 SHVAR, Version 1.0 Shell Variable CMDDEMO = TYPE %FILE1 Writing Shell Variable File SH .VAR B1:WORK2; note my use of the double %% to indicate that I wanted B1:WORK2; the % character substituted -- If I used just 1 %, then B1:WORK2; the value of the variable would be substituted: B1:WORK2; !shvar cmddemo1 type %file1 SHVAR, Version 1.0 Shell Variable CMDDEMO1 = TYPE MYFILE.TXT Writing Shell Variable File SH .VAR B1:WORK2; see the difference? B1:WORK2; so, to execute: B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo1 I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; as a side comment, the SHECHO command can be used to make B1:WORK2; SH show you the command line it is generating: B1:WORK2; !shecho Echo of Shell Commands is ON B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo TYPE MYFILE.TXT I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; Now, if I change the definition of FILE1: B1:WORK2; !shvar file1 hisfile.txt SHVAR FILE1 HISFILE.TXT SHVAR, Version 1.0 Shell Variable FILE1 = HISFILE.TXT Writing Shell Variable File SH .VAR B1:WORK2; the meaning of CMDDEMO is different: B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo TYPE HISFILE.TXT No Files B1:WORK2; while CMDDEMO1 remains unchanged B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo1 TYPE MYFILE.TXT I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; !ed %file1 ED HISFILE.TXT NEW FILE : *i 1: This is HISFILE.TXT 2: : *e B1:WORK2; !%cmddemo;%cmddemo1 TYPE HISFILE.TXT;TYPE MYFILE.TXT This is HISFILE.TXT I have modified MYFILE.TXT This is MYFILE.TXT Isn't this fun? B1:WORK2; and so on ... B1:WORK2; !shexit Exiting Shell B1:WORK2> .fo Z3TCAP # 8. Z 3 T C A P ááááááááá Thσ ZCPR│ TCA╨ (Termina∞ Capability⌐ Facilit∙ ì ááááááááá(Z3TCAP⌐ allow≤ ZCPR│ t∩ havσ ß variet∙ oµá easily-ì ááááááááátransportablσá screen-orienteΣ utilities«á ERROR2¼ ì áááááááááVFILER¼á SHOW¼á anΣ VMEN╒ arσ sucΦ utilitie≤á founΣ ì áááááááááunde≥ thσ ZCPR│ System. B1:WORK2>NOTE The ZCPR3 TCAP (Z3TCAP) facility is supported by B1:WORK2>NOTE three programs and one data file: B1:WORK2>dir root:tc*.com a;dir root:*.tcp TCCHECK .COM 2r| TCMAKE .COM 6r| TCSELECT.COM 4r A15:ROOT -- 3 Files Using 12K ( 202K Left) Z3TCAP .TCP 8r A15:ROOT -- 1 Files Using 8K ( 202K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE TCCHECK is used to check the validity of Z3TCAP.TCP: B1:WORK2>root: A15:ROOT>tccheck TCCHECK, Version 1.0 Z3TCAP File Check of Z3TCAP .TCP Version 1.0 File Checks with 43 Terminals Defined ááááááááá Ove≥á fort∙ terminal≤ arσ currentl∙ supporteΣ ì áááááááááunde≥ thσ Z3TCAP« Thei≥ selectioε anΣ installatioε ì áááááááááint∩ ß ZCPR│ Systeφ i≤ illustrated: A15:ROOT>work2: B1:WORK2>NOTE TCSELECT is used to select your terminal from one of the B1:WORK2>NOTE terminals in Z3TCAP.TCP: B1:WORK2>tcselect myterm TCSELECT, Version 1.0 ** Terminal Menu 1 for Z3TCAP Version 1.0 ** A. AA Ambassador K. Concept 100 B. ADDS Consul 980 L. Concept 108 C. ADDS Regent 20 M. CT82 D. ADDS Viewpoint N. DEC VT52 E. ADM 2 O. DEC VT100 F. ADM 31 P. Dialogue 80 G. ADM 3A Q. Direct 800/A H. ADM 42 R. General Trm 100A I. Bantam 550 S. Hazeltine 1420 J. CDC 456 T. Hazeltine 1500 Enter Selection, + for Next, or ^C to Exit - + ** Terminal Menu 2 for Z3TCAP Version 1.0 ** A. Hazeltine 1510 K. SOROC 120 B. Hazeltine 1520 L. Super Bee C. Heathkit H19 M. TAB 132 D. HP 2621 N. Teleray 1061 E. IBM 3101 O. Teleray 3800 F. Micro Bee P. TTY 4424 G. Microterm ACT IV Q. TVI 912 H. Microterm ACT V R. TVI 920 I. P Elmer 1100 S. TVI 950 J. P Elmer 1200 T. VC 404 Enter Selection, - for Last, + for Next, or ^C to Exit - + ** Terminal Menu 3 for Z3TCAP Version 1.0 ** A. VC 415 B. Visual 200 C. WYSE 50 Enter Selection, - for Last, or ^C to Exit - - ** Terminal Menu 2 for Z3TCAP Version 1.0 ** A. Hazeltine 1510 K. SOROC 120 B. Hazeltine 1520 L. Super Bee C. Heathkit H19 M. TAB 132 D. HP 2621 N. Teleray 1061 E. IBM 3101 O. Teleray 3800 F. Micro Bee P. TTY 4424 G. Microterm ACT IV Q. TVI 912 H. Microterm ACT V R. TVI 920 I. P Elmer 1100 S. TVI 950 J. P Elmer 1200 T. VC 404 Enter Selection, - for Last, + for Next, or ^C to Exit - S Selected Terminal is: TVI 950 -- Confirm (Y/N)? Y File MYTERM .Z3T Created B1:WORK2>dir *.z3t MYTERM .Z3T 2 B1:WORK2 -- 1 Files Using 2K ( 286K Left) B1:WORK2>NOTE Once you have a Z3T file, LDR can load it and, at this B1:WORK2>NOTE time (after loading), your terminal will be known B1:WORK2>NOTE to the ZCPR3 system and the ZCPR3 utilities can B1:WORK2>NOTE make use of its features, such as cursor positioning, B1:WORK2>NOTE reverse video, arrow keys, etc B1:WORK2>ldr myterm.z3t ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading MYTERM.Z3T B1:WORK2>NOTE The commands SHOW and VFILER are now configured for B1:WORK2>NOTE a TVI 950, as per my selection ááááááááá No⌠á everyone'≤á termina∞á wil∞á bσá iεáá thσ ì ááááááááádefaul⌠ Z3TCAP«á T∩ mee⌠ thi≤ problem¼ thσ utilit∙ ì áááááááááTCMAK┼ i≤ available. B1:WORK2>NOTE If you terminal is not on the list of terminals in B1:WORK2>NOTE Z3TCAP.TCP, then TCMAKE can be used to define it B1:WORK2>NOTE I will define my TVI 950 here: B1:WORK2>tcmake myterm1 TCMAKE, Version 1.0 ** Z3TCAP Main Menu for File MYTERM1 .Z3T ** Define: 1. Clear Screen Sequence 2. Cursor Motion Sequence 3. Clear to End of Line Sequence 4. Standout Mode Sequences 5. Terminal Init/Deinit Sequences 6. Arrow Keys 7. Terminal Name Status: S. Print Status (Definitions so far) Exit: X. Exit and Write File Q. Quit and Abort Program without Writing File Command? 1 ááááááááá ╔á won'⌠á borσ yo⌡ witΦá detail≤á here«á Thσ ì ááááááááátermina∞á sessioε i≤ quitσ long¼á illustratinτá thσ ì ááááááááámajor features of TCMAKE. .fo "Secure" Systems # 9. " S e c u r e " S y s t e m s ááááááááá WitΦ passworΣ protectoε anΣ nameΣ directorie≤ ì ááááááááá(DI╥á form⌐ buil⌠ int∩ ZCPR3¼á ZCPR│ offer≤ ßá mucΦ ì ááááááááámorσ securσ environmen⌠ thaε CP/M«á Iε particular¼ ì áááááááááiµ thσ D╒ forφ i≤ disabled¼á thσ onl∙ directorie≤ ß ì áááááááááuse≥ caε acces≤ arσ thosσ hσ caε name¼á anΣ somσ oµ ì áááááááááthosσ ma∙ havσ passworΣ protection≤ oε them. ááááááááá Here is a complete session: AMPRO 51K TPA CP/M 2.2 with ZCPR 3.0 BIOS Version 1.2 on March 24, 1984 ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SYS.ENV Loading SYS.NDR Loading SYS.FCP Loading SYS.RCP ERROR4, Version 1.0 Error Handler Installed WELCOME TO ZCPR III BASE>dir AMPZ358R.COM 10 | SYS3R .RCP 2 A0:BASE -- 2 Files Using 12K ( 266K Left) BASE>pwd PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE1 A 2: PRIVATE2 A 15: ROOT B 0: DEMO1 B 1: DEMO2 B 2: DEMO3 B 3: DEMO4 B 4: DEMO5 B 5: INTRO B 6: MAIL BASE>dir root: PW? unknown AMPZ358R.COM 10 | SYS3R .RCP 2 A0:BASE -- 2 Files Using 12K ( 266K Left) BASE>dir root: PW? rpass DIR .COM 2 | ERROR4 .COM 2 | GOTO .COM 2 | LDR .COM 4 MENU .COM 4 | MKDIR .COM 6 | PWD .COM 2 | SETFILE .COM 2 SH .COM 4 | SHDEFINE.COM 4 | SHFILE .COM 2 | SHOW .COM 4 SHVAR .COM 4 | SPECIAL .NDR 2 | STARTUP .COM 2 | SYS .ENV 2 SYS .FCP 2 | SYS .NDR 2 | SYS .RCP 2 | TCCHECK .COM 2 TCMAKE .COM 6 | TCSELECT.COM 4 | WHEEL .COM 2 | Z3TCAP .TCP 8 ZEX .COM 6 A15:ROOT -- 25 Files Using 82K ( 266K Left) BASE>xxx è File XXX.COM Not Found ááááááááá Notσ tha⌠ thσ D╒ forφ i≤ simpl∙ ignored«á N∩ ì áááááááááchangσ t∩ file≤ o≥ director∙ locatioε i≤ made. BASE>1: BASE>a: BASE>b: BASE>dir 1: AMPZ358R.COM 10 | SYS3R .RCP 2 A0:BASE -- 2 Files Using 12K ( 266K Left) BASE>dir demo1: AMPZ3-58.COM 10 | AMPZ3-60.COM 10 | AMPZ3-61.COM 10 | AMPZ358R.COM 10 BDOS58 .COM 4 | BDOS60 .COM 4 | BDOS61 .COM 4 | CPM58 .COM 10 CPM60 .COM 10 | CPM61 .COM 10 | SYS3R .RCP 2 B0:DEMO1 -- 11 Files Using 84K ( 284K Left) BASE>demo1: DEMO1>root: PW? rpass ROOT>wheel /s WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Password? Wheel Byte is ON ROOT>NOTE We now have one directory structure: ROOT>pwd PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE1 A 2: PRIVATE2 A 15: ROOT B 0: DEMO1 B 1: DEMO2 B 2: DEMO3 B 3: DEMO4 B 4: DEMO5 B 5: INTRO B 6: MAIL ááááááááá WitΦáá thσá abilit∙á t∩á havσá severa∞á nameΣ ì ááááááááádirector∙á files¼á wσá caεá havσá severa∞á set≤á oµ ì ááááááááádirectories¼á includinτ somσ directorie≤ whicΦá arσ ì ááááááááábotΦá hiddeεá anΣ totall∙ inaccessablσ t∩ thσá use≥ ì áááááááááunles≤ hσ ha≤ thσ abilit∙ t∩ loaΣ thσ prope≥á nameΣ ì ááááááááádirector∙ (NDR⌐ file. ROOT>NOTE Now that I am a WHEEL and in ROOT, I can define another ROOT>NOTE directory structure which is special: ROOT>ldr special.ndr ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SPECIAL.NDR ROOT>pwd PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE1 A 2: PRIVATE2 A 14: SYSROOT A 15: ROOT B 0: DEMO1 B 1: DEMO2 B 2: DEMO3 B 3: DEMO4 B 4: DEMO5 B 5: INTRO B 6: MAIL ROOT>NOTE Note that there is a 2nd root, called SYSROOT, which ROOT>NOTE was not known (OR ACCESSIBLE) under the old system ROOT>NOTE (SYS.NDR) ROOT> ROOT>NOTE Also, as a wheel, I can obtain passwords: ROOT>pwd pass PWD, Version 1.0 DU : DIR Name - Password DU : DIR Name - Password ---- -------- -------- ---- -------- -------- A 0: BASE - A 1: PRIVATE1 - MYPASS1 A 2: PRIVATE2 - PASS A 14: SYSROOT - SPASS A 15: ROOT - RPASS B 0: DEMO1 - B 1: DEMO2 - B 2: DEMO3 - B 3: DEMO4 - B 4: DEMO5 - B 5: INTRO - B 6: MAIL - MPASS ROOT>private1: PW? mypass1 PRIVATE1>wheel /r WHEEL, Version 3.0 Wheel Password? Wheel Byte is OFF PRIVATE1>pwd pass PWD, Version 1.0 Password Request Denied - Not Wheel DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name DU : DIR Name ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- A 0: BASE A 1: PRIVATE1 A 2: PRIVATE2 A 14: SYSROOT A 15: ROOT B 0: DEMO1 B 1: DEMO2 B 2: DEMO3 B 3: DEMO4 B 4: DEMO5 B 5: INTRO B 6: MAIL PRIVATE1>ldr root:sys.ndr PW? rpass ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SYS.NDR PRIVATE1>ldr root:special.ndr PW? rpass ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SPECIAL.NDR PRIVATE1>sysroot: PW? spass SYSROOT>root: PW? rpass ROOT>ldr sys.ndr ZCPR3 LDR, Version 1.0 Loading SYS.NDR ROOT>sysroot: ROOT>NOTE SYSROOT is not even defined now ---- End of Introduction to ZCPR3 ---- .FI B:Z3USER.IDX