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-
-
- COMMENTS ON TEXT FORMAT PROGRAMS
-
- Irv Hoff
- 22 March 1988
-
-
- This is a review of a several word format programs including ROFF4,
- RNF13, ALPHATXT and WordStar. It gives examples of how they insert fill
- blanks to justify to even margins and how (or if) they reformat munged
- text. It shows how they handle punctuation ending a sentence. Examples
- of the new JUSTIFY.COM program are included. Good information for
- anybody interested in word processing. 114 records, 15k.
-
-
- INTRODUCTION
-
-
- There are at least three public domain (free) text formatting programs:
- ALPHATXT
- RNF13
- ROFF4
-
- They all have quite a bit in common, using "dot" commands. They all can
- reformat, by "filling lines" as close as possible to your requested line
- width. They can quit at that point, or also justify to even margins.
-
- Note: There is one additional program written by Irv Hoff that merely
- justifies to even margins. It makes no effort to reformat. It needs no
- "dot commands". It is named "JUSTIFY.COM". It can be used with ASCII
- files produced by any normal text editor.
-
- JUSTIFYING: This is illustrated in the examples at the end of this
- review. Results of these various programs are included:
-
- ALPHATXT - Rich Abbot's p. d. program, Turbo PASCAL
- JUSTIFY - Irv Hoff's program, assembly language
- RNF13 - C. B. Falconer's program, special PASCAL
- ROFF4 - Ernest Bergmann's program in "C"
- WordStar 3.3 - Sold by MicroPro
- WordStar 4.0 - Sold by MicroPro
-
-
- SUMMARY OF EACH SYSTEM
-
-
- WORDSTAR 4.0 -- This is (by some margin) the least suitable of all. If
- the line needs only one fill blank it ALWAYS goes between the last two
- words. If two fill blanks are needed, the second one always goes
- between the first two words. If three are needed the third is always
- included at the right side. If the line had ended with something like
- this:
-
- xxxxxxxxxat the right side. If
- ^^
- 2 blanks after a period
-
- and you needed at least three fill blanks, WordStar 4.0 would always
- wind up with this:
-
- xxxxxxxxxat the right side. If
- ^^^^
- 2 extra blanks added
-
- Thus WordStar 4.0 always starts at the right side, then alternates
- blanks from right side, left side, right side left side, etc. It can
- (and often does) leave outlandish gaping holes at the end of sentences
- that correctly terminate with two spaces following the punctuation.
-
- WORDSTAR 3.3 -- Marginally better than WordStar 4.0. If only one blank
- fill is needed, it alternates between the last two words and the first
- two. If two blanks are needed, it comes out identical to WordStar 4.0.
- If three are needed, the first line would have two at the right side and
- one at the left side, the second line would have two at the left side
- and one at the right side.
-
- Thus WordStar 3.3 is identical to WordStar 4.0 if there are an even
- number of fill characters needed, putting an equal number on both the
- left side and right side of the line. With an odd number, the greater
- number will alternate from right side to left side.
-
- RNF13 and ROFF4 -- These are a noticeable improvement over WordStar.
- However, if only one blank is needed, both do it just like WordStar 3.3.
- (First line puts the blank between the last two words, second line puts
- the blank between the first two words.)
-
- With two or more blanks, the first line puts them all on the right side,
- the second line puts them all on the left side, etc. Not very
- imaginative, but does look substantially better than WordStar, which can
- have some "holes" on every line on both sides, assuming for now that
- each line would require at least two blanks.
-
- Like WordStar, both of these programs can easily put two extra blanks in
- an area that already has two blanks:
-
- xxxxxxxxxat the right side. If
- ^^^^
- 2 extra blanks added
-
- ALPHATXT -- Very imaginative. Appears to use a random system that is
- difficult to predict, to insert blanks in the line. It is very likely
- the best of all such justification programs with the possible exception
- of Irv Hoff's JUSTIFY. I say "possible exception" as ALPHATXT also
- suffers from the same weakness all those already mentioned have, of
- putting extra fill characters where two might already exist, easily
- making up to four at those locations:
-
- xxxxxxxxxat the right side. If
- ^^^^
- 2 extra blanks added
-
- NOTE: When formatting, WordStar and ALPHATXT leave the text as they
- found it, but attempt to fill the line as closely to the requested
- length as they can. Generally this works just fine but if reformatting
- files that have "fill blanks" already in them from a prior
- justification, they do a very poor job. Not only are those retained but
- additional ones added to make the present line the correct width. The
- result can be rather grotesque, although it is fair to say few people
- would have any incentive to reformat such an existing file. Other
- programs such as ROFF4, for example, make this quite easy to do.
-
- JUSTIFY -- This program has several features that are somewhat unusual.
- Instead of only using the right end, then the left end, it also uses the
- middle. In addition, it never puts any fill blanks between the first
- two words or the last two (uness they are the only locations left) as do
- all the other programs with the exception of the random fill routine
- used by ALPHATXT.
-
- With one fill character, JUSTIFY puts it in the middle of the first
- line, to the right side of the second line (but indented one word from
- the last two) and to the left side of the third line (but indented one
- word from the first two.)
-
- This keeps the extreme ends looking normal especially by using the
- center for every third line.
-
- This program also NEVER puts ANY additional fill blanks if two blanks
- already exist at that location. JUSTIFY is the only program known to
- have such a feature.
-
- It also has an additional unique feature where a line that ends a
- paragraph (and normally would thus not be justified) will still be
- justified IF it needs only 3 or fewer additional fill characters. The
- author of this program always thought it looked pretty silly to have
- nice even margins, but then see a line that was one or two columns shy
- of the others.
-
- Thus JUSTIFY has several features that minimize the "empty" areas most
- of the other programs often have:
-
- 1. Instead of alternating from extreme left and right ends of the
- line JUSTIFY alterates between middle, right (indented 1 extra
- word) left (indented 1 extra word.)
-
- a. With this scheme, the extreme ends always look normal,
- quite different from WordStar.
-
- 2. Unlike all the others JUSTIFY never puts additional fill blanks
- in a location where two blanks already exist. All the rest could
- have up to four blanks in such locations, three being very common--
- even though many other areas on the same line only have one blank
- and could have been used for better appearance.
-
- 3. JUSTIFY is the only such program that fills out lines at the end
- of a paragraph that are within 3-4 columns of normal length.
-
- NOTE: Perhaps a comment should be added that MicroPro (owner of
- WordStar) claims everybody using justification for even margins likely
- has a printer with microjustificaiton anyway, so "who cares" what the
- CRT display looks like?
-
- Well they are wrong. Not everybody makes a printed copy of all the
- files they look at, in addition to which a lot of non-professional
- computer owners do not have printers with microjustification.
-
- Consequently, having a program that can justify to even margins in the
- least obvious manner is of immediate interest to at least a portion of
- computer users.
-
- To this end, the JUSTIFY program likely succeeds better than pehaps any
- other mentioned in this review.
-
- It might be fair to mention at this time that NO method of obtaining
- even margins by merely adding extra "fill blanks" here and there can
- really give comparable results to the type of results you see in
- magazines or newspapers.
-
- Section 1, above, discussed the results obtained from the examples which
- are included at the end of this review. It had additional comments
- regarding handling areas where two blanks already exist, for punctuation
- after end of sentences.
-
- Section 2, here, will discuss some of the various advantages and
- disadvantages of the format programs. These comments will only involve
- the topics the author has observed--many features of the programs not
- having been evaluated at this time. (Such as underlining, footnotes,
- subscripts, etc.)
-
- Section 3, below, has examples of the way various word processors
- justify ASCII text. Each program was run for 1, 2, and then 3 fill
- characters.
-
- ALPHATXT -- by Rich Abbott. Sometimes called ALPHAT20. Easy program to
- use, but needs a lot of "hand-holding". Requires a new dot command at
- the completion of each paragraph, even for a blank line. This does give
- the author complete control of the program.
-
- Defaults to column 5 for the left margin and column 75. There is no
- convenient method of permanently changing the default parameters. In
- this day and age, where you can easily set the margins on the printer to
- anything you like, "nobody" wants a permanent default to some indented
- column.
-
- When reformatting, it leaves all blanks as they original appeared,
- making the program totally worthless for reformatting a WordStar file to
- a different line length, for example.
-
- It never heard of two blanks after punctuation to end a sentence. As
- previously mentioned, when reformatting it does not change any existing
- text, so if there was one blank after a period, it retains that one
- blank. If it had four blanks from a previous format, it would keep the
- four blanks. This makes the program essentially worthless (to this
- reviewer) for re-format purposes.
-
- It has a serious, major flaw in that it cannot recognize lines that are
- already the correct length. It thinks such lines are one column too
- long and reformats them. Thus every line it processes winds up with at
- least one fill character. (ROFF4 has a comparable problem, also, when
- using the justify mode on lines already the desired length.)
-
- Rich Abbot, the author, assures me this was fixed in the commercial
- version sold by Cranberry Software Tools for $35. (That includes a text
- editor and a large spelling dictionary. The package is available for
- either CP/M or for MS-DOS.)
-
- It also leaves a trailing blank at the end of all text lines, ala
- WordStar and RNF13.
-
- There are two DOC files included in the ALPHAT20.LBR. One is the
- "before", showing all the "dot" commands and the other shows the "after"
- and is ready for printing. This tutorial and the DOC file are excellent
- and are perhaps the best features of the program. Other word processor
- programs should include similar "how to do it" files of the "before and
- after" variety.
-
- RNF13 -- by Charles Falconer, professor of computer science, Yale
- University. This is a very interesting program. VERY slow. It took 42
- minutes to process a 140k file that took ROFF4 9-1/2 minutes. It is
- written in Professor Falconer's own special version of PASCAL. (ROFF4
- was written in "C".) "RNF" likely is another name for the UNIX "RUNOFF"
- format program from which it was adapted.
-
- It is easily the most sophisticated of the various format programs,
- offering all sorts of "dot" commands, many of which the typical user may
- never attempt to incorporate. It has an excellent "progress" reporting
- system showing the current page and line number it is working on. It
- has perhaps the finest error-reporting system of any program I have ever
- used.
-
- Most such programs only look in the first column for a "dot" command.
- RNF13 seems to look ANYWHERE, which seems quite unfortunate. On the
- lengthy program that took 42 minutes, some 250 errors were posted, a
- vast majority because things like " .COM file" or " .LBR file", etc.
- appeared quite often in the body of the text. The errors are printed in
- a most impressive manner, showing the page, line number, actual line of
- text, an arrow pointing to the exact character that caused the error,
- and then a description of the error. However, it is a nuisance not to
- be able to use "(space).COM", etc.
-
- This program even barfed with things like:
-
- INDEX ................ pg 22
-
- as it thought the (space).... was some sort of "dot" command. One does
- not expect to see errors for this sort of text.
-
- RNF13 does an outstanding job of re-formatting programs. It puts two
- spaces after punctuation to end a sentence. something ALPHATXT and
- WordStar never heard of. If for some reason you don't WANT to do this,
- there is a "dot" command you can use wherever you like, in the text, to
- preserve a location where just one blank after a period might be
- preferred, such as: Mr. Alfred Jones, etc. Offering this dot command
- does present a tremendous amount of versatility in an area neither
- ALPHATXT nor WordStar would even know what you were talking about...
-
- This program does an excellent job of reformatting text that is
- indented. Some people indent paragraphs--it will reformat those to non-
- indented. Some text has sections that are indentend. It will reformat
- those to the left margin unless you include a "dot" command to leave the
- indent area intact.
-
- The program does leave a trailing space on all text lines, a minor
- nuisance. Unlike ROFF4 and ALPHATXT, it recognizes lines already the
- proper length, so results are what you expect - other than a line
- justified to 72 columns is really 73 columns long, as each line has the
- unwanted trailing space that is not observed, but present. Thus asking
- for justified text 79 columns long could give double line feeds on
- normal 80 column displays with auto line-wrap.
-
- The program is by far the most awkward to use, since it requires a
- special runtime program in addition. It is a nuisance insuring both
- programs are present and makes it difficult to use "flow control" while
- on a different drive/user. The following method has to be used, intact,
- else the system might lock up, requiring a cold boot to regain control:
- B>RUNPCD RNF (HELLO.TXT, HELLO.DOC)
-
- The actual justification scheme seems identical with that of ROFF4 other
- than RNF13 can recognize a line already the correct length while ROFF4
- (and ALPHATXT) cannot.
-
- Once underway, there is no method (known to this reviewer) to halt the
- program other than to cold reboot the computer. (Then manually erase
- the partially completed output file.) This is considered a most
- important oversight.
-
- ROFF4 -- by Ernest Bergmann in 1983. Written in "C", it is much faster
- than either RNF13 or ALPHATXT.
-
- The program has some very convenient features as well as some annoying
- things. The "C" source code is included, although it is difficult even
- for a good "C" programmer to follow the progression of the program. For
- instance, it puts out CR,CR,CR,LF at the end of nearly all text lines.
- So far, none of the the people I have talked to have any idea how to
- eliminate this unusual feature. When reformatting, it puts two spaces
- after exclamation marks, question marks, colons, and even semicolons.
- It handles periods at the end of a sentence in a most perplexing manner-
- -if you used one blank after a period, it retains just that one blank.
- If you used two blanks, it will keep a maximum of two blanks. (If
- reformatting WordStar files which might have three and even four blanks
- after an occasional period, it will use a maximum of two.)
-
- NOTE: We have a special version of ROFF4 now which puts only one blank
- after a semicolon and which puts two blanks after any period that ends a
- sentence. It also defaults to format 72 actual columns, matching
- JUSTIFY.COM.
-
- ROFF4 is the easiest format program to use, by some wide margin. If the
- line is indented, it leaves the line indented with no special "dot"
- command. (On the other hand it cannot reformat text all of which may be
- indented in a given area, RNF13, etc. would be needed for this
- purpose.)
-
- It cannot recognize a line already the correct width. If used to
- reformat without justification, it is off one column on the right margin
- counter. For instance you want lines of up to 72 characters, but no
- more. You must set the right margin command to 73 in this case.
- However, if you want to reformat and justify both, then you would set it
- to 72, but now each line will be basically 72 with one fill blank added
- somewhere to make it 72. Nuisance. This is similar to ALPHATXT.
-
- ROFF4 does not leave trailing spaces at the end of text lines, like
- RNF13, ALPHATXT, and WordStar, though.
-
- It can normally be aborted with a Control-C.
-
- It is easy to use. If paragraphs are indented, the reformat will retain
- the original indentation without any special paragraph commands such as
- the ".pp" required by all the other programs. You can intentionally
- indent paragraphs that were not originally indented, with an ".in"
- command.
-
- Centering a group of lines is ridiculously simple. If you have 8-10-15
- lines to center you needn't bother with counting them or using a
- separate centering command for each line. Just use: ".ce 100" on the
- line ahead of the first line to be centered, then move all the lines to
- start in the first column. After the last one, type: ".ce 0" and it
- will stop centering. This makes centering a group of lines so simple to
- accomplish, you may indeed use this feature more than you normally
- otherwise might. (ALPHATXT requires a separate ".ce ;(text)" for each
- line that is to centered.)
-
- It is very easy to run. Say you have a program which is named HELLO.TXT
- and you want to format to HELLO.DOC:
- B>ROFF4 HELLO.TXT >HELLO.DOC
- The ">" tells the program to generate a new disk file of that name. If
- you merely want to look at the results on the CRT, just use:
- B>ROFF4 HELLO.TXT
- or if you wish to see the results on the CRT while it is making a disk
- file:
- B>ROFF4 HELLO.TXT +>HELLO.DOC
- You can also send the output to the printer, in addition to either of
- the other possibilities.
-
- SUMMARY -- ROFF4, with the special version, is by some margin the
- easiest of the format programs to use. That is, it requires far less
- "dot" commands than any other comparable program. It still has the
- problem of not recognizing lines already of the proper length, but if
- you are planning to only use it for reformatting existing text files
- (without justification), it's likely the most convenient of all the
- programs to use, by some margin.
-
- The special version (developed by Norman Beeler at this reviewer's
- request) makes this program very simple to use. It defaults to:
-
- .nf - does not justify
- .fi - does fill lines to maximum length
- .rm 73 - right margin to 72 columns (counter is off one column
- when filling)
- .ow 73 - fills headers, etc., to same length
-
-
- CONCLUSION
-
-
- These comments do not represent any sort of exhaustive comparison or
- analysis of the programs. They only represent intial impressions this
- reviewer wanted to jot down while fresh in mind. As soon as the
- programs were used the first time, they all seemed to have glaring
- deficiencies in the methods used to add fill blanks to justify for even
- margins. Therefore the reviewer plans to use them just to reformat
- existing ASCII text files and will use the JUSTIFY program to obtain
- even margins.
-
- It took JUSTIFY 46 seconds to add fill characters to justify the 144k
- program that it took RNF13 42 minutes to reformat.
-
- The next step might be to write "dot" command into JUSTIFY so it could
- become a self-standing format program. This is quite unlikely to ever
- happen, since nearly all printers (regardless of cost) will soon have
- microjustification and since we have only discussed CP/M programs.
- Fewer people each year are even using CP/M. Most of those who do, have
- expressed minimal interest in a separate format program from WordStar
- which they have been using since getting on CP/M.
-
- Thus JUSTIFY and perhaps even ROFF4, etc., are such speciality programs
- only a nominal few readers will be interested enough in this topic to
- even read these notes. This is perhaps proven by the difficulty I had
- in even obtaining a copy of the RNF13 program. Even after I found such
- a program existed, it was some time before I found somebody near Yale
- University that was able to find a copy of the free program. Obviously
- only a few RCPM systems in the country even carry ROFF4, ALPHAT20 and/or
- RNF13. I do not anticipate JUSTIFY will receive widespread distribution
- or interest, when released. However as an available utility program it
- does serve a worthwhile purpose for those who do not care for the method
- WordStar uses for justification of ASCII text files.
-
- - Irv Hoff
- (415) 948-2166 voice
- (415) 948-2512 PRACSA RCPM
-
-
- FORMAT SAMPLES
-
-
- Samples of various format programs, showing the method they use to
- justify consecutive, identical lines, when pulling such lines to 1, 2 or
- 3 extra columns. Note only Irv's program fills the last line out to the
- requested length, the others assume the last line is the end of a
- paragraph and leave it whatever it was, originally. Irv's program does
- that also, if the line is not within 3-4 columns of normal length,
- otherwise it is also left alone.
-
- Irv's program is the only one that uses the center area on a normal
- rotation basis.
-
- You can readily see that WordStar 3.3 does a poor job, but WordStar 4.0
- does a just plain lousy job of justification. On even number of fills
- needed, both are identical.
-
- Note: All these programs are free, except for WordStar. All can be
- found on the PRACSA RCPM. (415) 948-2513.
-
-
- Irv's program, +1
- -----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- Irv's program, +2
- -----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- Irv's program, +3
- -----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- ALPHATXT, +1
- ------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- ALPHATXT, +2
- ------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- ALPHATXT, +3
- ------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- RNF13, +1
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- RNF13, +2
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- RNF13, +3
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- ROFF4, +1
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- ROFF4, +2
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- ROFF4, +3
- ---------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- WordStar 3.3, +1
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- WordStar 3.3, +2
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- WordStar 3.3, +3
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- WordStar 4.0, +1
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- WordStar 4.0, +2
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
- WordStar 4.0, +3
- ----------------
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
- hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
-
-
- This example was used for each of the four format programs. It clearly
- shows how the various programs handle text with 1 space after the end of
- a sentence and how they handle 2 or more. RNF13 and the special version
- of ROFF4 do an ideal job in this regard. Both ALPHATXT and WordStar use
- whatever the text already had. They are basically worthless with regard
- to reformatting existing text that may already be justified, i.e., which
- has fill characters that would need to be removed.
-
- Sample Format Test
- ------------------
- This is a small format test. Do you
- think it will work? Just checking to
- see
- how it may handle punctuation! Some of
- these have
- one space; some have two. A good format
- program should put two spaces after
- a period
- to end a sentence. We'll put the other
- programs to work shortly, ok? Should tell
- us what; we want to know. Bye for
- now. Roger and out.
-
- ALPHATXT
- --------
- This is a small format test Do you think it will work? Just
- checking to see how it may handle punctuation! Some of these have
- one space; some have two. A good format program should put
- two spaces after a period to end a sentence. We'll put the
- other programs to work shortly, ok? Should tell us what; we want to
- know. Bye for now. Roger and out.
-
- RNF13
- -----
- This is a small format test. Do you think it will work? Just checking
- to see how it may handle punctuation! Some of these have one space;
- some have two. A good format program should put two spaces after a
- period to end a sentence. We'll put the other programs to work shortly,
- ok? Should tell us what; we want to know. Bye for now. Roger and out.
-
- ROFF4
- -----
- This is a small format test. Do you think it will work? Just checking
- to see how it may handle punctuation! Some of these have one space;
- some have two. A good format program should put two spaces after a
- period to end a sentence. We'll put the other programs to work shortly,
- ok? Should tell us what; we want to know. Bye for now. Roger and
- out.
-
- WORDSTAR 4.0
- ------------
- This is a small format test. Do you think it will work? Just
- checking to see how it may handle punctuation! Some of these have
- one space; some have two. A good format program should put
- two spaces after a period to end a sentence. We'll put the
- other programs to work shortly, ok? Should tell us what; we want to
- know. Bye for now. Roger and out.
-
-
- NOTE: Before WordStar could be used on the sample text, we had to
- convert the "hard carriage return" characters to "soft carriage return"
- by changing them to 8Dh. When the program was then run through WordStar
- it had:
- 72 high bits set
- 9 trailing spaces
- 5 soft carriage returns