Carousel Volume 2 #1/carousel.iso/mactosh/doc/macarchi.txt

Text File | 1988-12-13 | 13.7 KB | 323 lines

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                THE SIMTEL20 MACINTOSH ARCHIVES



OVERVIEW:

There is a colossal amount of free public domain software for
the CP/M, PCDOS/MSDOS, MACINTOSH and UNIX operating systems,
and  for the DoD standard programming language, Ada, in
several archives on WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL, a DECsystem-20
running the TOPS-20 operating system at White Sands Missile
Range.N.M.

You can obtain these files using the InterNet file transfer
protocol, FTP.  Throughout, FTP examples are given in a GENERIC
syntax. You will have to consult either local documentation
or your friendly system wizard to learn the actual syntax used
with your local mainframe operating system. For the sake of
brevity, the domain suffix ".ARMY.MIL" will be dropped from
further references to WSMR-SIMTEL20 in this document.

To obtain directory listings, connect to WSMR-SIMTEL20
via FTP and do this:

Type at the prompt: FTP> getPD1:<macintosh>macintosh.crclst
A copy of the list will be sent to your host computer.

*HINT*

dir PD1:<macintosh>*  <-- displays a listing of the sub-directories

A listing of current sub directories is provided below. This list
will from time to time be updated due to the changes brought about
by the Mac.

        PD1:<MACINTOSH.sub directory>
    where sub directory = one of the following

.APPL ........ Applications
.CDEV ........ CDEV's
.CODE ........ Programming source code (except UNIX)
.COMM ........ Communication Applications and Utilities
.DA   ........ Desk Accessories
.DEMO ........ Demonstrations of new software
.DOC ......... Documentation for apps NOTin archives
.ED .......... Education
.FKEY ........ FKeys
.FONTS ....... Fonts for ImageWriter I and II
.HC .......... All HyperCard stacks and XCMDS etc.
.INIT ........ INIT's
.LANG ........ Programming Languages and utilities
.MACII ....... Macintosh II specific apps
.MACTN ....... Macintosh Tech Notes (From Apple)
.NEWS ........ Macintosh news items
.PATCHES ..... Small "fixes" by the software developer
.PICT ........ Pictures
.REVIEW ...... Software reviews
.SOUNDS ...... Music, sounds, and utilities
.TECH ........ General technical information
.UNIX ........ UNIX programs and utilities
.UTIL ........ Misc. Utilities
.UTILDSK ..... Disk Utilities, Fast formatters, etc.
.UTILFIL ..... File Utilities
.UTILPRN...... Printer Utilities
.VIRUS ....... Anti-Virus detectors and killers (we hope)


Sub-directories have a file labeled "00README.TXT". It will help you
to take the time to read this file. You may have to do this on line
with the "TYPE" [filename] command or you may use the "GET"
[filename] command and read the doc on your host computer or PC It
describes files listed in that sub directory. This file is Tab
delimited so you can use a data base program to input the data
for easy retrieval, if you wish.

             *** PLEASE NOTE ***

Due to the large number of files available, the archives maintainers
CANNOT possibly attempt to validate the proper operation of the various
programs.  When a program bug is reported, immediate action is taken to
either correct the error or remove the offending program from the archives.
Still, users must understand that all archives programs are offered
** AS IS **. THE ARCHIVES MAINTAINERS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY LIABILITY
SHOULD THESE PROGRAMS MALFUNCTION OR CAUSE DAMAGE, INCIDENTAL OR OTHERWISE.
When testing ANY new software, be certain that all information stored on
disk is backed-up before you start, so that you can recover if files are
damaged or erased.  This is particularly true if you have a hard disk, in
which case malfunctions can be spectacularly disastrous. If you have any
doubt about any software you *ever* receive, run it from floppy disks and
use the applications  found in PD1:<MACINTOSH.VIRUS>. They can only check
for KNOWN virus, but they are better than doing nothing!

FILE TYPES:

Files are stored in four formats:

. ASCII, UNCOMPRESSED, with an extension of:
[filename].TXT..... for use with 00README files

. BINARY, COMPRESSED, with the following extensions.
[filename].DOC..... for all doc's not with an application
[filename].SIT..... for all applications, utilities,etc.

. BINARY,GIFFER, with an extension of:
[filename].GIF..... for use with GIFFER Pictures

.BINARY, with an extension of:
[filename].BIN.... for some "bootstrap" programs

The only time you will find  [filename].TXT use in the PD1:<MACINTOSH.*>
area is for the 00README.TXT file which is in each sub directory. This
file is a one line explanation of the files contained in that area.
The format is generally: [filename].ext TAB {date, description}.

The  [filename].GIF extension is for the pictures that are stored in
the more or less standard format of "GIFFER". IBM or compatibilities
can access and display these files by simply removing the 128 byte
header on each picture.

All Binary data are stored as four 8-bit Bytes per 36-bit SIMTEL20 word,
with the low-order four bits of each word filled with zeros. If such a
file is interpreted as a contiguous string, as will happen if a straight
binary transfer is made to a 16 or 32 bit UNIX machine, the four zero
filler bits per 36 bit group will cause rather bizarre results.

The [filename].BIN extension is for a limited number of programs you
may need to "get started" in your downloading. As an example. Since
most of the files on the SIMTEL20 are in the .SIT format the program
to un-Stuff the files is in a form whereby all you have to do is FTP
the file to your Host computer in BINARY. Please make sure you under-
stand how to do this. See the section "File Transfer via FTP for more
details. After you have FTP'ed the file you can download it to your
Mac with any program that supports MacBinary dowloading. After the
download is completed you can just double click on the filename icon
and you will be in the application and working.


FILE NAMES:

Files are named using no more than 14 characters before the "." with up
to 3 characters for the extension. Since many times the real name, reduced
to 14 characters would have little or no meaning to you nor myself I have
taken the liberty of putting a Header on the file and a number. You will
find this method a little surprising but it really does make sense. The
MUSIC, MACTN, and CODE sub directories are set up exclusively this way.

A couple of examples might be helpful:

PD1:<MACINTOSH.MACTN
    TN024-NEW0888     This shows the TechNote number and the date published
                but not the title of the TechNote. The 00README file
                in the MACTN sub directory will have the title.

    TN025-REV0888     This shows the TechNote number and the date Revised by
                Apple. Again the title is not shown as the 00README
                file will have the title.

PD1:<MACINTOSH.MUSIC>
    MU0001        This shows ONLY the MUSIC file number 0001 thru however
                many music files we have. The name and description will
                again be in the 00README file.

    SN0001        This shows ONLY the SOUND file number 0001 thru however
                many sound files we have. The name and description will
                again be in the 00README file.

PD1:<MACINTOSH.CODE>
    ASM-nnnn        Denotes Assembly Code.
    BAS-nnnn        Denotes BASIC Source Code
    C-nnnn        Denotes "C" Source Code
    CSHAR-nnnn    Denotes related "C" files
    P-nnnn        Denotes Pascal Source Code
    PSHAR-nnnn    Denotes related Pascal files
    RAS-nnnn        Denotes Rascal Source Code
    RMKR-nnnn        Denotes RMaker Source Code
    XLISP-nnnn       Denotes Xlisp Source Code
    XSHAR-nnnn    Denotes related Xlisp Code


FILE TRANSFER VIA FTP:

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, a formalized procedure for moving files
among machines on the Defense Data Network (DDN) and other networks that connect
with the DDN.  The protocol is implemented by a program often called FTP.  The
different mainframe operating systems implement FTP with variations in command
syntax.  Some systems have the remote-file-name precede the local-file-name in
the command. Others reverse this order. Some versions have the whole command on
a single input line, while others use multiple lines.  Read the documentation for
your local system, or consult a friendly local system wizard for the details of
your FTP command syntax.

UNIX users can do something like "man ftp" for on-line instructions. However,
not all UNIX FTP programs are called "FTP", so you may have to snoop around in
the system directories or ask a system wizard for the correct local name to use
with the "man" command. ITS users can do ":INFO FTP". "HELP FTP" works on TOPS-20
and some other operating systems.

FTP transfers from SIMTEL20 can be made with user-name "anonymous."
Use GUEST for the password.  For anonymous logins, SIMTEL20 supports the FTP
"change working directory" command.  (Your local syntax may be something like
CD, or CWD). *(Ignore the message which may appear that prompts you to enter
a password.)*  This command allows you to specify a default SIMTEL20 directory
to be used for file retrievals, and thereby relieves you from having to repeatedly
type "PD1:<macintosh.directory name>" as part of each filename.  For example, you
can do something like this:

FTP>cd PD1:<macintosh.goodstuff>
FTP>get filename-1
FTP>get filename-2
  ...and so on
instead of using the longer filename forms shown in previous examples.

Users of TOPS-10, TENEX, TOPS-20 or ITS systems can use "image" or "paged"
mode for ALL transfers.  UNIX users must use "ascii" mode for ASCII files,
and "type tenex" or "type L 8" mode for binary files. MULTICS users can use
"ascii" mode for ASCII files, but binary files require special treatment.
VMS also requires a special setting. Instead of using "BGET" type "Quote Type L-8
and use "GET" *NOT* "BGET" which is many many cases does not work correctly.

The following example provided by Lee  Choquetteu-<[e-mail].>:
shows FTP'ing from a UNIX host.

                *NOTE*

Lines with "!" are typed by the terminal user.


 ug>!_ftp WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL
Connected to WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL
 WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL FTP Server process 5Z(50)-7 at Thu 4-xxx-88
!_name (WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL:u-lchoqu): anonymous
 ANONYMOUS user ok, send real ident as password.
Password: !_(GUEST WILL DO FINE HERE)
 User ANONYMOUS logged in at Thu 4-xxx-88 17:15-MDT, job 10.
ftp>!_cd PD1:<MACINTOSH.MACTN>
 Default name accepted. Send password to connect to it.
!_(carriage return)
ftp>!_tenex (or type l 8) <-- NOTE: That's lowercase "L"8.
 Type L bytesize 8 ok.
ftp>!_get TN40-786 tn40
 Port 17.176 at host 128.110.0.0 accepted
 Retrieve of PD1:<MACINTOSH.MACTN>TN40-786..1   started.
 Transfer completed. 4480 (8) bytes transferred
local: tn40 remote: tn40-786
 bytes received in 4.3 seconds  (1kbytes/s)
ftp> get TN69-386 AND SO ON.
ftp>!_bye or quit
 QUIT command received. Goodbye.
 ug>!_kermit -ix

C-Kermit server starting. Return to your local machine by typing  its
escape sequence for closing the connection,  and issue further commands
from there. To shut down the C-Kermit server, issue the FINISH or BYE
command and then reconnect.

The received files are stored with one 8-bit byte per 9-bit word.

After starting up the UNIX Kermit with -i (binary), and -x (server), set
your Macintosh Kermit's File Defaults to Mode: Binary and Fork: Data and do Get File TN*

After downloading, run the file/s through STUFFIT and uncompress as necessary.

            WARNING

Because the public domain archives on SIMTEL20 consume a huge amount of
disk space, storage capacity must be conserved by the greatest practical
use of compressed files, which are stored in binary format. If you cannot
properly transfer binary files, you are going to be VERY FRUSTRATED!
If you need help, please contact your local system wizard and provide him/her
with a copy of these doc's. Having done that, if you are still unable to make
things work correctly, have your system wizard send a message to:
[e-mail] and I will try to help.Please have them provide
the following information:

. Machine and system  (e.g., VAX-11/780, 4.2 BSD UNIX)
. Network software in use  (e.g., 3-Com UNET)
. Complete list of available FTP commands  (e.g., GET, PUT)


PROGRAMS FOR TRANSFERRING FILES AMONG MAINFRAMES AND MICROS:

With the wide and varied types of mainframes and micros and with so many
many different terminal programs, your best approach for downloading to
your micro will be to contact your local system guru, who will is better
equipped to help solve your local problems.

RedRyder:

An excellent program for transferring files between micros, or between micros
and mainframes is called RedRyderxxx where the xxx is replaced by digits to
give the version number. This program can use one of several different protocols
to facilitate file transfers. Not only is Christensen Protocol supported but
the more popular error checking, called CRC (for Cyclic Redundancy Check) is
the automatic default. This simply means RR will automatically ask the mainframe
if it supports CRC error checking, if it says no, RR will switch. X modem protocol
and Kermit in RedRyder, are two ways to download the file from your host computer
to your Macintosh. The only thing you will notice is a slight pause before starting
the file transfer. Kermit has the advantage of being available for an impressively
large number of mainframes and micros. Universities most notably use Kermit.

                *NOTE*
Kermit has several versions. You WILL have problems if you do not have Mac Kermit
Version 0.9 (40) or greater.


ADDITIONS, IMPROVEMENTS AND CORRECTIONS:

Suggestions for additions, improvements and corrections to this message are always
 welcome. Please send them to [e-mail].

Contributions of public domain software are actively solicited.If you have
something that seems appropriate for inclusion in the <MACINTOSH> archives please
contact [e-mail]


     Happy MAC'ing!
    Robert Thum
    [e-mail]  *best*
    [e-mail]     *if you must*