The California Collection/TheCaliforniaCollection.cdr/his101/bibl12.arj/BIBL12.TXT

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                          THE THORN OF DOUBT

.    "O man of little faith, why did you doubt? -- Matthew 14:31

.    "...do not be faithless, but believing." -- John 20:27

.    It has been suggested by some that Paul's thorn in the flesh was
the temptation to doubt and shirk his duties.  It is extremely
unlikely that doubt was his thorn in the flesh.  Paul believed, not
just because of reliable testimony, but because he had experienced a
personal confrontation with the risen Jesus on the road to Damascus.
It was Paul who wrote, "I know whom I have believed and I am sure that
he is able to guard until that Day what has been entrusted to me." (2
Tim. l:12)
.    For many religious people, though, doubt is a terrible thorn in
the flesh.  This nagging feeling within your heart can slowly torment
you and drive you to guilt and despair.  Well did Henry Burke Robins
put it:

     Better a day of faith
     Than a thousand years of doubt!

.    Many, because of their doubts, feel hypocritical in continuing in
worship and service.  Others, not wanting to feel hypocritical, give
up before they have given themselves adequate time for their doubts to
be resolved.
.    In trying to cope with doubts about the validity of the Christian
faith, about the inspiration of the Bible, about the nature of Jesus
Christ, or whatever, you should begin by first reminding yourself that
doubt is a very common experience.  Martin Luther is supposed to have
asked, "Who has not known the awakening of a Monday morning covered by
that black blanket of ultimate doubt?"  In Christian literature
references to doubt are frequent.  In the Bible more than one
character had periods of doubt.  So before you go too far into the
valley of the shadow of doubt, you should remember that doubt is not
uncommon.
.    Over the centuries men have often handled doubt by trying to make
a virtue of it.  This is a common reaction.  If you are plagued by
some problem and can not rid yourself of it, then one alternative is
to make this problem into a virtue in your own thinking.  Read through
this wide variety of quotes and notice how men have often attempted to
make a virtue out of doubt:

.    "Who never doubted never half believed:  Where doubt is, there
truth is, -- 'tis her shadow." -- P. J. Bailey

.    "By doubting we come at the truth." -- Cicero

.    "Doubt is the beginning, not the end, of wisdom." -- George Iles

.    "The road to resolution lies by doubt." -- Francis Quarles

.    "There lives more faith in honest doubt, Believe me, than in half
the creeds." -- Tennyson

.    "To believe with certainty we must begin with doubting." --
Stanislaus

.    "A skeptic is not one who doubts, but one who examines." --
Sainte-Beauve

.    "How prone to doubt, how cautious are the wise!" -- Homer

.    "An honest man can never surrender an honest doubt." -- Walter
Malone

.    "I say unto you: Cherish your doubts, for doubt is the handmaiden
of truth.  Doubt is the servant of discovery;  She is the key unto the
door of knowledge.  Let no man fear for the truth, that doubt may
consume her;  Only he that would shut out his doubts denieth the
truth." -- Robert Weston

.    There is certainly some truth in these affirmations.  Doubt can
lead to truth, since it may spark inquiry.  Inquiry, investigation,
research, and curiosity are all to be admired.  Without them everyone
would have a closed mind and advances in knowledge and virtues would
mostly cease.  There is something about the dogmatic, closed-mind
attitude that upsets others.  The kind of attitude that says, "If God
had intended for man to fly, he would have given him wings," is the
disposition that never leads to progress.
.    Once this value of doubt has been affirmed, though, a word of
caution is in order.  Doubt in and of itself is not a virtue.
Unresolved doubt can lead to drastic consequences, while resolved
doubt can lead to good results.  As Jack Exum explains, "Doubt is
neither right nor wrong - good or evil - truth or error.  While it
holds great power for right or wrong, good or evil, truth or error,
within itself it is none of these things.  It is uneasy, unsure,
unsettled." 1)
.    The ideal in the New Testament is faith, not doubt.  Jesus said,
"Truly I say to you, if you have faith and never doubt (diakrino)..."
(Mt. 21:21).  Abraham is a good example because he did not doubt: "No
distrust (diakrino) made him waver concerning the promise of God, but
he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God" (Rom. 4:20).  In
discussing prayer James said, "But let him ask in faith, with no
doubting (diakrino), for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea that
is driven and tossed by the wind" (Jam. 1:6).
.    Some of those who attempt to glorify doubt point in response to
the inherited faith many in the church hold.  Two wrongs do not make
one right, as we have all heard.  For someone to be raised in the
church and accept their parents' faith without ever examining the
evidence for themselves is not commendable.  We should, as Peter
commanded, "Always be prepared to make a defense to any one who calls
you to account for the hope that is in you" (1 Pet. 3:15).  We should
"test everything" (1 Thess. 5:21). 2) Like the Bereans we should be in
the habit of "examining the scriptures daily to see if these things"
are so (Acts 17:11).  Christians who hold to an inherited faith are
not to be praised for this.  Furthermore, this should not be seen as
any kind of justification of the opposite extreme of doubting
everything.
.    While laziness of mind on the part of some is wrong, an overly
skeptical mind prone to rebellion is also wrong.  Some who doubt have
not been fair to themselves or the evidence.  As Jack Paul explained,
"Many a person, however, who has doubts has them because of lack of
information or misinformation."  There are many on the outside of the
church who sneer at Christians in a supercilious way, as though they
were a group of dolts and dullards and intellectually backward people
who could believe all of this archaic nonsense that is in the Bible.
.    "Many a person who says, 'I don't believe the Bible,' has never
read it.  Many a person who says, 'You can't expect me to believe the
ideas of the church,' has no idea what the church expects him to
believe.  And the tragedy of our times is that many a person is
rejecting Christianity not because of what it is, but because of a
misconception that he has as to what it is." 3) Some find it easier to
doubt than to go through the struggle of examining.
.    The Bible never recommends the attitude, "Believe, but do not
bother to examine the evidence."  Such a position is unscriptural and
will only serve to discredit the Christian faith with thoughtful and
intelligent people.  One good example of this is the case of doubt in
John the Baptist.  The Bible tells us, "Now when John heard in prison
about the deeds of the Christ, he sent word by his disciples and said
to him, 'Are you he who is to come, or shall we look for another?'"
(Mt. 11:2-3).  Such a statement is hard for many to understand.  This
is the same John who baptized Jesus only after protesting at first to
him, "I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?" (Mt.
3:14).  This is the same John who had formerly said, "Behold, the Lamb
of God, who takes away the sin of the world!" when Jesus was
approaching (Jn. 1:29).
.    In light of this difficulty, many have tried to see in John's
words something other than doubt.  Some say he did not really doubt,
but he was only trying to urge and prompt Jesus to hurry along with
the establishment of the kingdom and rescue him from jail.  Other
interpretations have been placed upon John's words, "Are you he who is
to come, or shall we look for another?" It seems best, though, to see
in his statement simply the doubt of a man who is in despair in
prison.
.    The important lesson here is found in the response of Jesus.  He
replied to John's disciples, "Go and tell John what you hear and see:
the blind receive their sight and the lame walk, lepers are cleansed
and the deaf hear, and the dead are raised up, and the poor have good
news preached to them.  And blessed is he who takes no offense at me"
(Mt. 11:4-6).  Jesus did not rebuke John's doubt for he knew it was
honest and sincere doubt.
.    "How did Jesus react to the doubtings of John?", Jack Exum asks.
"Did he ridicule, mock or laugh?  Did He accuse John of losing his
faith or his sanity under the strain of prison life?  Perhaps Jesus
whispered to the messengers and sent them out the back door.  No,
Jesus did none of these, but to the contrary says in effect, 'If you
doubt Me, come to Me'.  After all, who could be more weary than the
heart troubled with questions and filled with contradictions.  Examine
Christ, His life, and His word ... Come to the very One around whom
your questions are centered." 4)
.    Examine the evidence.  Search the scriptures.  As Clark Pinnock
explains, "Faith is not the opposite of knowledge.  The scandal of the
gospel is not its alleged immunity from proof.  The gospel makes
sense, not non-sense.  Its offense lies in its moral unmasking of the
sinner, not in its supposed uncertain truthfulness.  The mind is not
to be left at the threshold in Christianity." 5)
.    If you have not examined the historical foundations of
Christianity, then you have no right to doubt.  If you do examine the
evidence, most likely you will say with Jack Paul, "You say it is hard
to believe the Christian interpretation.  I say it is far easier to
believe it than to believe the atheist interpretation."  As an
illustration he discusses creation.  "For instance, I believe in the
Christian interpretation and understanding of the origin of the
universe as given in the Bible.  But the atheist has a belief at that
point, too.  He says, 'I believe that all that exists, all the cosmos,
is a result of sheer chance.  It all just happened.  No plan behind
anything, no purpose.' You can look at it and see all the order, and
beauty, and it all has no meaning, only apparent meaning.  But I can't
believe that; I'm not gullible enough to believe that." 6)
.    Some, though, have examined the evidence and they still have
doubts.  These cases are harder to deal with than the former type.
Often nothing can be done to convince such a person of the truth, for
they are blinded by their own will and desire not to believe.  Maybe
it is for a desire to appear worldly wise, or for a multitude of other
reasons, but the evidence will not convince everyone.  This truth has
been expressed well in a poem:

 "Show me your God!" the doubter cries.
 I point him to the smiling skies;
 I show him all the woodland greens;
 I show him peaceful sylvan scenes;
 I show him winter snows and frost;
 I show him waters tempest-tossed;
 I show him hills rock-ribbed and strong;
 I bid him hear the thrush's song;
 I show him flowers in the close --
 The lily, violet and rose;
 I show him rivers, babbling streams;
 I show him youthful hopes and dreams;
 I show him maids with eager hearts;
 I show him toilers in the marts;
 I show him stars, the moon, the sun;
 I show him deeds of kindness done;
 I show him joy; I show him care,
 And still he holds his doubting air,
 And faithless goes his way, for he
 Is blind of soul, and cannot see! 7)

.    If one examines the evidence for the Christian faith fairly and
honestly, he can remove his doubts and replace them with a strong
faith.  Faith does not have to be intermingled with doubts.  Faith in
the Bible sense of the term encompasses an element of knowledge and
assurance.  For example, as one man was dying, he was asked about his
speculations concerning the soul and death.  "Speculations!" the dying
man exclaimed.  "I know nothing about speculations; I'm resting on
certainties."  He could say this, because faith is not to be divorced
from knowledge.  Faith is a trust in the reliable testimony of God who
does not and can not lie (Rom. 10:17; Jn. 20:30-31; 2 Cor. 5:7; Heb.
11:1, 3, 7).  Could we ask for anything more certain?
.    More could be said, but this is not the place for a survey of
Christian evidences.  If you are troubled with doubt, do some reading
in Christian evidences.  Your minister or local bookstore can make
some suggestions for good reading.  A professor once told me that a
very common habit among young ministers is to preach on Christian
evidences, but as they grow older they tend to do less and less of
such preaching.  The reason is that preachers have a tendency to
sometimes preach from their own problems.  If a preacher is troubled
with doubts, he will read more in the field of Christian evidences and
thus preach more on this theme.  Usually after a few years of such
studies, though, he has been convinced and his faith strengthened.  He
then turns more to other areas of thought.
.    This was true in the author's own life.  I used to love to teach
classes or preach on prophecy, archaeology, or some similar theme as an
evidence of Christianity.  Now I preach less and less on these themes.
It is not because such studies were frustrating - quite to the
contrary.  The point is this - if you have doubts, do not ignore them.
Do not be afraid of asking for help with your doubts.  Remember that
even a doubting Thomas could be quickly changed into a worshipping
disciple who cried out, "My Lord and my God!" (Jn. 20:28).

 When (God knows) I'm tossed about,
 Either with despair or doubt;
 Yet before the glass be out,
 Sweet Spirit comfort me! 8)

                              FOOTNOTES

 CHAPTER 2 - THE THORN OF DOUBT -  PAGES 13-21

 1) Jack Exum, This Will Kill You! (Dallas, Texas: Exum Publications,
n.d.), p. 38.
 2) See John T. Willis, "Prove All Things," Firm Foundation, 30 June
1981, pp. 7, 12; and 7 July 1981, pp. 7, 11, for an extended
discussion of the meaning of this verse.
 3) Jack F. Paul, "The Role of Doubt in Faith," Harding College
Lectures 1971 (Austin, Texas: Firm Foundation Publishing House, 1971),
pp. 154-55. Used by permission.
 4) Exum, This Will Kill You, p. 40.
 5) Clark H. Pinnock, Set Forth Your Case (Chicago: Moody Press,
1967), p. 13.
 6) Paul, "Role of Doubt," p. 156.
 7) John Kendricks Bangs, "Blind."
 8) Robert Herrick, "In the Hour of My Distress."

.    The preceding is a chapter from 'A Thorn in Your Flesh', a book
by Steve Williams, published by J. C. Choate Publications.  This book
can be ordered from Choate Publications, Rt. 2, Box 156, Burton Drive,
Winona, Mississippi 38967.  It is paperback, 100 pages, and costs only
$3.00.  Please include 75 cents for postage and handling.  All profits
from this book go to a mission literature fund for Asia where Choate
has been working for over 25 years, primarily in India.  The book has
one chapter on Paul's thorn in the flesh and then a discussion of
various problems (thorns) people have today.  You may also order from
the author c/o Robinson Church of Christ, 428 Chado, Waco, TX  76706.

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