The California Collection/TheCaliforniaCollection.cdr/his065/evidenc3.arj/EVIDENCE.003

Text File | 1990-12-04 | 4KB | 78 lines

   4. EMBRYONIC RECAPITULATION

    Darwin  said that embryological evidence was "second to  none
in  importance."  The idea of embryonic  recapitulation,  or  the
theory that higher life forms go through the previous  evolution-
ary chain before birth, was popularized by Ernst Haeckel in 1866.
It was later found that Haeckel forged the diagrams which he used
is evidence for the theory.

    The main arguments for embryonic recapitulation are the  sup-
posed  "gill slits" (left over from fish), "yolk sac" (left  over
from  the  reptile stage), and "tail" (from the monkeys)  in  the
human embryo. The gill slits, so called, are never slits, nor  do
they  ever function in respiration. They are actually four  pairs
of  pharyngeal pouches: the first pair become  germ-fighting  or-
gans; the second, the two middle ear canals; the third and fourth
pairs become the important parathyroid and thymus glands.

    The yolk sac  does not store food  because the  mother's body
provides  this to the embryo.  In fact,  the "yolk sac" is not  a
yolk sac at all,  but its true function is to  produce  the first
blood cells.

    The "tail" is just the tip of the spine extending beyond  the
muscles of the embryo. The end of this will eventually become the
coccyx, which is instrumental in the ability to stand and sit  as
humans do.

    Also arguing against recapitulation is the fact that  differ-
ent  higher life forms experience different stages  in  different
orders, and often contrary to the assumed evolutionary order.

   5. PROBABILITY

    The  science of probability has not been favorable to  evolu-
tionary theory, even with the theory's loose time restraints. Dr.
James Coppedge, of the Center for Probability Research in Biology
in California, made some amazing calculations. Dr. Coppedge

     "applied  all the laws of  probability  studies  to  the
      possibility  of a single cell coming into existence  by
      chance. He considered in the same way a single  protein
      molecule,  and even a single gene. His discoveries  are
      revolutionary. He computed a world in which the  entire
      crust of the earth - all the oceans, all the atoms, and
      the whole crust were available. He then had these amino
      acids  bind at a rate one and one-half  trillion  times
      faster than they do in nature. In computing the  possi-
      bilities,  he  found that to provide a  single  protein
      molecule  by  chance combination  would take 10, to the
      262nd power, years." (That is, the number 1 followed by
      262 zeros.) "To get a single cell - the single smallest
      living cell known to  mankind - which is called the my-
      croplasm hominis  H39, would take 10,  to the 119,841st
      power, years.  That means that if  you took thin pieces
      of paper and wrote 1 and  then  wrote zeros after (it),
      you would fill up the entire  known universe with paper
      before you could ever even write that  number.  That is
      how many years it would  take  to make one living cell,
      smaller than any human cell!"

    According  to Emile Borel, a French scientist and  expert  in
the  area  of probability, an event on the cosmic  level  with  a
probability of less than 1 out of 10, to the 50th power, will not
happen. The probability  of producing one human cell by chance is
10, to the 119,000 power.

    Sir  Fred  Hoyle, British mathematician  and  astronomer, was
quoted  in  Nature  magazine, November 12, 1981,  as saying  "The
chance  that  higher life forms might have  emerged in  this  way
(evolution) is comparable with the chance that a tornado sweeping
through a junk-yard might assemble a Boeing 747 from the  materi-
als therein."

As one can readily see, here is yet one more  test
that evolution theory has flunked.