C/C++ Interactive Guide

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NRO (1) MS-DOS Version 3.2 NRO (1) NAME NAME nro - text processor SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS nro n n pxx v b mmfile ifile ofile nro [-n] [+n] [-pxx] [-v] [-b] [-mmfile] ifile ... [>ofile] DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION ___ NRO is a text processor and formatter based on the design Software Tools provided in "Software Tools" by Kernighan and Plauger. The ________ text and commands found in the ifile(s) are processed to generate formatted text. The output may be directed into a _____ file or to the printer if ofile is present in the command line; otherwise, the output will appear at the user P console. Directing the output to the special filename, $P, will cause the output to be sent to the printer. _ _ The +n option causes the output to start with page n. The _ _ -n option causes the output to stop after page n. _ The -v option prints the version number to the console. _ The -p option causes the output to be shifted to the right __ po by xx spaces. This has the same effect as the .po command. _ The -b option allows backspaces to appear in the output text when underlining or overstriking. This has the same effect bs as the .bs command with a non-zero argument. _ _____ The -m option processes the file mfile for macro definitions. Note that files processed in this way should contain only macro definitions, no immediate output should be generated from this file. Commands typically are distinguished by a period in column one of the input followed by a two character abbreviation for the command funtion. The abbreviation may then be followed by an optional numeric or character argument. The numeric argument may be an absolute value such as setting the right margin to a particular column, or the argument may be preceded by a plus sign or a minus sign to indicate that the parameter should be modified relative to a previous setting. The following commands are recognized: .bo - causes the following lines of text to appear in boldface. The optional argument specifies the number of lines to be typed in boldface. Boldface and underlining are mutually exclusive features. The appearance of a boldface command will cause any underlining to cease. .bp - causes succeeding text to appear at the top of a new page. The optional argument specifies the page number for the new page. The initial value is one and the default value is one more than the previous page number. .br - causes succeeding text to start on a new line at the -1- NRO (1) MS-DOS Version 3.2 NRO (1) current left margin. There is no numeric argument for this command. .bs - enables or disables the appearance of backspaces in the output text. Underlining and boldface options are implemented by inserting character - backspace - character combinations into the output buffer. This is fine for devices which properly recognize the backspace character. Some printers, however, do not recognize backspaces, so the option is provided to overprint one line buffer with another. The first line buffer is terminated with just a carriage return rather than the carriage return - linefeed combination. A zero argument or no argument to the backspace command removes backspaces from the output. A non-zero argument leaves them in the output. The default is to remove backspaces. ___ .cc - changes the NRO command character to that specified by the character argument. If no argument is provided, the default is a period. .ce - causes the next line of text to appear centered on the output. The optional argument specifies if more than one line is to be centered. .de - causes all text and commands following to be used to en define a macro. The definition is terminated by a .en command. The first two characters of the argument de following the .de command become the name of the new command. It should be noted that upper and lower case arguments are considered different. Thus, the PP pp commands .PP and .pp could define two different macros. Care should be exercised since existing commands may be redefined. A macro may contain up to ten arguments. In the macro definition, the placement of arguments is designated by the two character sequences, $0, $1, ... $9. When the macro is invoked, each argument of the macro command line is substituted for its corresponding designator in the expansion. The first argument of the macro command is substituted for the $0 in the expansion, the second argument for the $1, and so forth. Arguments are typically strings which do not contain blanks or tabs. If an argument is to contain blanks, then it should be surrounded by either single or double quotes. .cu - causes the next line(s) of text to be continuously ul underlined. Unlike the underline command (see .ul) which underlines only alphanumerics, continuous underlining underlines all printable characters. The optional argument specifies the number of lines of text to underlined. Any normal underlining or boldface commands currently in effect will be terminated. -2- NRO (1) MS-DOS Version 3.2 NRO (1) .ef - specifies the text for the footer on even numbered pages. The format is the same as for the footer fo command (see .fo). .eh - specifies the text for the header on even numbered pages. The format is the same as for the footer fo command (see .fo). .en - designates the end of a macro definition. .fi - causes the input text to be rearranged or filled to obtain the maximum word count possible between the previously set left and right margins. No argument is expected. .fo - specifies text to be used for a footer. The footer text contains three strings seperated by a delimiter character. The first non-blank character following the command is designated as the delimiter. The first text string is left justified to the current in indentation value (specified by .in). The second string is centered between the current indentation value and the current right margin value (specified by rm .rm). The third string is right justified to the current right margin value. The absence of footer text will result in the footer being printed as one blank line. The presence of the page number character pc (set by .pc) in the footer text results in the current page number being inserted at that position. Multiple occurrances of the page number character are allowed. .he - specifies text to be used for a header. The format is fo the same as for the footer (see .fo). .in - indents the left margin to the column value specified by the argument. The default left margin is set to zero. .ju - causes blanks to be inserted between words in a line of output in order to align or justify the right margin. The default is to justify. .ls - sets the line spacing to the value specified by the argument. The default is for single spacing. .m1 - specifies the number of lines in the header margin. This is the space from the physical top of page to and including the header text. A value of zero causes the header to not be printed. A value of one causes the header to appear at the physical top of page. Larger argument values cause the appropriate number of blank lines to appear before the header is printed. .m2 - specifies the number of blank lines to be printed between the header line and the first line of the processed text. .m3 - specifies the number of blank lines to be printed -3- NRO (1) MS-DOS Version 3.2 NRO (1) between the last line of processed text and the footer line. .m4 - specifies the number of lines in the footer margin. m1 This command affects the footer the same way the .m1 command affects the header. .ne - specifies a number of lines which should not be broken across a page boundary. If the number of lines remaining on a page is less than the value needed, then a new output page is started. .nf - specifies that succeeding text should be printed without rearrangement, or with no fill. No argument is expected. .nj - specifies that no attempt should be made to align or justify the right margin. No argument is expected. .nr - causes the value of a number register to be set or modified. A total of twenty-six number registers are available designated @na through @nz (either upper or lower case is allowed). When the sequence @nc is imbedded in the text, the current value of number register c replaces the sequence, thus, such things as paragraph numbering can be accomplished with relative ease. .of - specifies the text for the footer on odd numbered pages. The format is the same as the footer command fo (see .fo). .oh - specifies the text for the header on odd numbered pages. The format is the same as the footer command fo (see .fo). .pc - specifies the page number character to be used in headers and footers. The occurrance of this character in the header or footer text results in the current page number being printed. The default for this character is the hash mark (#). .pl - specifies the page lenght or the number of lines per output page. The default is sixty-six. .po - specifies a page offset value. This allows the formatted text to be shifted to the right by the number of spaces specified. This feature may also be invoked by a switch on the command line. .rm - sets the column value for the right margin. The default is eighty. .so - causes input to be retrieved from the file specified by the command's character string argument. The contents of the new file are inserted into the output stream until an EOF is detected. Processing of the original file is then resumed. Command nesting is -4- NRO (1) MS-DOS Version 3.2 NRO (1) allowed. .sp - specifies a number of blank lines to be output before printing the next line of text. .ti - temporarily alters the indentation or left margin value for a single succeeding line of text. .ul - underlines the alphanumeric text in the following line(s). The optional argument specifies the number of lines to be underlined. Underlining and boldface are mutually exclusive features. The appearance of an underline command cancels any existing boldface operations. -5-