Fractal Creations (Second Edition)

home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search

/ Fractal Creations (Second Edition) / FRACTALS_2E.iso / frasrc.exe / GENERAL.ASM < prev next >

Wrap

Assembly Source File | 1992-12-05 | 64KB | 2,277 lines

; Generic assembler routines that have very little at all ; to do with fractals. ; ; (NOTE: The video routines have been moved over to VIDEO.ASM) ; ; ---- Overall Support ; ; initasmvars() ; ; ---- Quick-copy to/from Extraseg support ; ; toextra() ; fromextra() ; cmpextra() ; ; ---- far memory allocation support ; ; farmemalloc() ; farmemfree() ; erasesegment() ; ; ---- General Turbo-C (artificial) support ; ; disable() ; enable() ; ; ---- 32-bit Multiply/Divide Routines (includes 16-bit emulation) ; ; multiply() ; divide() ; ; ---- Keyboard, audio (and, hidden inside them, Mouse) support ; ; keypressed() ; getakey() ; buzzer() ; delay() ; tone() ; snd() ; nosnd() ; ; ---- Expanded Memory Support ; ; emmquery() ; emmgetfree() ; emmallocate() ; emmdeallocate() ; emmgetpage() ; emmclearpage() ; ; ---- Extended Memory Support ; ; xmmquery() ; xmmlongest() ; xmmallocate() ; xmmreallocate() ; xmmdeallocate() ; xmmmoveextended() ; ; ---- CPU, FPU Detectors ; ; cputype() ; fputype() ; ; ---- IIT FPU Support ; ; load_mat() ; mult_vec_iit() ; IITCoPro() ; ; required for compatibility if Turbo ASM IFDEF ??version MASM51 QUIRKS ENDIF .MODEL medium,c .8086 ; these must NOT be in any segment!! ; this get's rid of TURBO-C fixup errors extrn help:far ; help code (in help.c) extrn tab_display:far ; TAB display (in fractint.c) extrn restore_active_ovly:far extrn edit_text_colors:far extrn adapter_init:far ; video adapter init (in video.asm) extrn slideshw:far extrn recordshw:far extrn stopslideshow:far .DATA ; ************************ External variables ***************************** extrn soundflag:word ; if 0, supress sounds extrn debugflag:word ; for debugging purposes only extrn helpmode:word ; help mode (AUTHORS is special) extrn tabmode:word ; tab key enabled? extrn sxdots:word ; horizontal pixels extrn timedsave:word ; triggers autosave extrn calc_status:word ; in calcfrac.c extrn got_status:word ; in calcfrac.c extrn currow:word ; in calcfrac.c extrn slides:word ; in cmdfiles.c ; ************************ Public variables ***************************** public cpu ; used by 'calcmand' public fpu ; will be used by somebody someday public iit ; IIT fpu? public lookatmouse ; used by 'calcfrac' public saveticks ; set by fractint public savebase ; set by fractint public finishrow ; set by fractint public _dataseg_xx ; used by TARGA, other Turbo Code public extraseg ; extra 64K segment public overflow ; Mul, Div overflow flag: 0 means none ; arrays declared here, used elsewhere ; arrays not used simultaneously are deliberately overlapped public keybuffer ; needed for ungetakey public prefix, suffix, dstack, decoderline ; for the Decoder public tstack ; for the prompting routines public strlocn, teststring, block ; used by the Encoder public boxx, boxy, boxvalues ; zoom-box arrays public olddacbox ; temporary DAC saves public rlebuf ; Used ty the TARGA En/Decoder public paldata, stbuff ; 8514A arrays, (FR8514A.ASM) ; ************************* "Shared" array areas ************************** ; Shared near arrays are discussed below. First some comments about "extraseg". ; It is a 96k far area permanently allocated during fractint runup. ; The first part is used for: ; 64k coordinate arrays during image calculation (initialized in fracsubr.c) ; 64k create gif save file, encoder.c ; 64k 3d transforms, line3d.c ; 64k credits screen, intro.c ; 22k video mode selection (for fractint.cfg, loadfdos, miscovl) ; 2k .frm .ifs .l .par entry selection (prompts.c) ; ??k printing, printer.c ; ??k fractint.doc creation, help.c, not important cause it saves/restores ; The high 32k is used for graphics image save during text mode; video.asm ; and realdos.c. ; Short forms used in subsequent comments: ; name........duration of use......................modules.................... ; encoder "s"aving an image encoder.c ; decoder "r"estoring an image decoder.c, gifview.c ; zoom zoom box is visible zoom.c, video.asm ; vidswitch temp during video mode setting video.asm ; 8514a 8514a is in use (graphics only?) fr8514a.asm ; tgaview restore of tga image tgaview.c ; solidguess image gen with "g", not to disk calcfrac.c ; btm image gen with "b", not to disk calcfrac.c ; editpal palette editor "heap" editpal.c ; Note that decoder using an 8514a is worst case, uses all arrays at once. ; Keep db lengths even so that word alignment is preserved for speed. block label byte ; encoder(266) suffix dw 2048 dup(0) ; decoder(4k), vidswitch(256), ; savegraphics/restoregraphics(4k) tstack label byte ; prompts(4k), ifsload(4k), ; make_batch(4k) teststring label byte ; encoder(100) olddacbox label byte ; fractint(768), prompts(768) dstack dw 2048 dup(0) ; decoder(4k), solidguess(4k), btm(2k) ; zoom(2k), printer(2400) ; loadfdos(2000) strlocn label word ; encoder(10k), editpal(10k) prefix label word ; decoder(8k), solidguess(6k) boxx dw 2048 dup(0) ; zoom(4k), tgaview(4k), prompts(9k) ; make_batch(8k), parser(8k) boxy dw 2048 dup(0) ; zoom(4k) boxvalues label byte ; zoom(2k) decoderline db 2050 dup(0) ; decoder(2049), btm(2k) rlebuf label byte ; f16.c(258) .tga save/restore? paldata db 1024 dup(0) ; 8514a(1k) stbuff db 415 dup(0) ; 8514a(415) ; ************************ Internal variables ***************************** align 2 cpu dw 0 ; cpu type: 86, 186, 286, or 386 fpu dw 0 ; fpu type: 0, 87, 287, 387 iit dw 0 ; iit fpu: 0=no, 1=yes _dataseg_xx dw 0 ; our "near" data segment overflow dw 0 ; overflow flag kbd_type db 0 ; type of keyboard align 2 keybuffer dw 0 ; real small keyboard buffer delayloop dw 32 ; delay loop value delaycount dw 0 ; number of delay "loops" per ms. extraseg dw 0 ; extra 64K segment (allocated by init) ; ********************** Mouse Support Variables ************************** lookatmouse dw 0 ; see notes at mouseread routine prevlamouse dw 0 ; previous lookatmouse value mousetime dw 0 ; time of last mouseread call mlbtimer dw 0 ; time of left button 1st click mrbtimer dw 0 ; time of right button 1st click mhtimer dw 0 ; time of last horiz move mvtimer dw 0 ; time of last vert move mhmickeys dw 0 ; pending horiz movement mvmickeys dw 0 ; pending vert movement mbstatus db 0 ; status of mouse buttons mouse db 0 ; == -1 if/when a mouse is found. mbclicks db 0 ; had 1 click so far? &1 mlb, &2 mrb align 2 ; timed save variables, handled by readmouse: savechktime dw 0 ; time of last autosave check savebase dw 2 dup(0) ; base clock ticks saveticks dw 2 dup(0) ; save after this many ticks finishrow dw 0 ; save when this row is finished .CODE ; *************** Function toextra(tooffset,fromaddr, fromcount) ********* toextra proc uses es di si, tooffset:word, fromaddr:word, fromcount:word cld ; move forward mov ax,extraseg ; load ES == extra segment mov es,ax ; .. mov di,tooffset ; load to here mov si,fromaddr ; load from here mov cx,fromcount ; this many bytes rep movsb ; do it. ret ; we done. toextra endp ; *************** Function fromextra(fromoffset, toaddr, tocount) ********* fromextra proc uses es di si, fromoffset:word, toaddr:word, tocount:word push ds ; save DS for a tad pop es ; restore it to ES cld ; move forward mov si,fromoffset ; load from here mov di,toaddr ; load to here mov cx,tocount ; this many bytes mov ax,extraseg ; load DS == extra segment mov ds,ax ; .. rep movsb ; do it. push es ; save ES again. pop ds ; restore DS ret ; we done. fromextra endp ; *************** Function cmpextra(cmpoffset,cmpaddr, cmpcount) ********* cmpextra proc uses es di si, cmpoffset:word, cmpaddr:word, cmpcount:word cld ; move forward mov ax,extraseg ; load ES == extra segment mov es,ax ; .. mov di,cmpoffset ; load to here mov si,cmpaddr ; load from here mov cx,cmpcount ; this many bytes rep cmpsb ; do it. jnz cmpbad ; failed. sub ax,ax ; 0 == true jmp short cmpend cmpbad: mov ax,1 ; 1 == false cmpend: ret ; we done. cmpextra endp ; ======================================================= ; ; 32-bit integer multiply routine with an 'n'-bit shift. ; Overflow condition returns 0x7fffh with overflow = 1; ; ; long x, y, z, multiply(); ; int n; ; ; z = multiply(x,y,n) ; ; requires the presence of an external variable, 'cpu'. ; 'cpu' == 386 if a 386 is present. .8086 .DATA temp dw 5 dup(0) ; temporary 64-bit result goes here sign db 0 ; sign flag goes here .CODE FRAME MACRO regs push bp mov bp, sp IRP reg, <regs> push reg ENDM ENDM UNFRAME MACRO regs IRP reg, <regs> pop reg ENDM pop bp ENDM multiply proc x:dword, y:dword, n:word cmp cpu,386 ; go-fast time? jne slowmultiply ; no. yawn... .386 ; 386-specific code starts here mov eax,x ; load X into EAX imul y ; do the multiply mov cx,n ; set up the shift cmp cx,32 ; ugly klooge: check for 32-bit shift jb short fastm1 ; < 32 bits: no problem mov eax,edx ; >= 32 bits: manual shift mov edx,0 ; ... sub cx,32 ; ... fastm1: shrd eax,edx,cl ; shift down 'n' bits js fastm3 sar edx,cl jne overmf shld edx,eax,16 ret fastm3: sar edx,cl inc edx jne overmf shld edx,eax,16 ret overmf: mov ax,0ffffh ; overflow value mov dx,07fffh ; overflow value mov overflow,1 ; flag overflow ret .8086 ; 386-specific code ends here slowmultiply: ; (sigh) time to do it the hard way... push di push si push es mov ax,0 mov temp+4,ax ; first, zero out the (temporary) mov temp+6,ax ; result mov temp+8,ax les bx,x ; move X to SI:BX mov si,es ; ... les cx,y ; move Y to DI:CX mov di,es ; ... mov sign,0 ; clear out the sign flag cmp si,0 ; is X negative? jge mults1 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs not bx ; ... not si ; ... stc ; ... adc bx,ax ; ... adc si,ax ; ... mults1: cmp di,0 ; is DI:CX negative? jge mults2 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs not cx ; ... not di ; ... stc ; ... adc cx,ax ; ... adc di,ax ; ... mults2: mov ax,bx ; perform BX x CX mul cx ; ... mov temp,ax ; results in lowest 32 bits mov temp+2,dx ; ... mov ax,bx ; perform BX x DI mul di ; ... add temp+2,ax ; results in middle 32 bits adc temp+4,dx ; ... jnc mults3 ; carry bit set? inc word ptr temp+6 ; yup. overflow mults3: mov ax,si ; perform SI * CX mul cx ; ... add temp+2,ax ; results in middle 32 bits adc temp+4,dx ; ... jnc mults4 ; carry bit set? inc word ptr temp+6 ; yup. overflow mults4: mov ax,si ; perform SI * DI mul di ; ... add temp+4,ax ; results in highest 32 bits adc temp+6,dx ; ... mov cx,n ; set up for the shift loop cmp cx,24 ; shifting by three bytes or more? jl multc1 ; nope. check for something else sub cx,24 ; quick-shift 24 bits mov ax,temp+3 ; load up the registers mov dx,temp+5 ; ... mov si,temp+7 ; ... mov bx,0 ; ... jmp short multc4 ; branch to common code multc1: cmp cx,16 ; shifting by two bytes or more? jl multc2 ; nope. check for something else sub cx,16 ; quick-shift 16 bits mov ax,temp+2 ; load up the registers mov dx,temp+4 ; ... mov si,temp+6 ; ... mov bx,0 ; ... jmp short multc4 ; branch to common code multc2: cmp cx,8 ; shifting by one byte or more? jl multc3 ; nope. check for something else sub cx,8 ; quick-shift 8 bits mov ax,temp+1 ; load up the registers mov dx,temp+3 ; ... mov si,temp+5 ; ... mov bx,temp+7 ; ... jmp short multc4 ; branch to common code multc3: mov ax,temp ; load up the regs mov dx,temp+2 ; ... mov si,temp+4 ; ... mov bx,temp+6 ; ... multc4: cmp cx,0 ; done shifting? je multc5 ; yup. bail out multloop: shr bx,1 ; shift down 1 bit, cascading rcr si,1 ; ... rcr dx,1 ; ... rcr ax,1 ; ... loop multloop ; try the next bit, if any multc5: cmp si,0 ; overflow time? jne overm1 ; yup. Bail out. cmp bx,0 ; overflow time? jne overm1 ; yup. Bail out. cmp dx,0 ; overflow time? jl overm1 ; yup. Bail out. cmp sign,0 ; should we negate the result? je mults5 ; nope. not ax ; yup. flip signs. not dx ; ... mov bx,0 ; ... stc ; ... adc ax,bx ; ... adc dx,bx ; ... mults5: jmp multiplyreturn overm1: mov ax,0ffffh ; overflow value mov dx,07fffh ; overflow value mov overflow,1 ; flag overflow multiplyreturn: ; that's all, folks! pop es pop si pop di ret multiply endp ; ======================================================= ; ; 32-bit integer divide routine with an 'n'-bit shift. ; Overflow condition returns 0x7fffh with overflow = 1; ; ; long x, y, z, divide(); ; int n; ; ; z = divide(x,y,n); /* z = x / y; */ ; ; requires the presence of an external variable, 'cpu'. ; 'cpu' == 386 if a 386 is present. .8086 divide proc uses di si es, x:dword, y:dword, n:word cmp cpu,386 ; go-fast time? jne slowdivide ; no. yawn... .386 ; 386-specific code starts here mov edx,x ; load X into EDX (shifts to EDX:EAX) mov ebx,y ; load Y into EBX mov sign,0 ; clear out the sign flag cmp edx,0 ; is X negative? jge short divides1 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs neg edx ; ... divides1: cmp ebx,0 ; is Y negative? jge short divides2 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs neg ebx ; ... divides2: mov eax,0 ; clear out the low-order bits mov cx,32 ; set up the shift sub cx,n ; (for large shift counts - faster) fastd1: cmp cx,0 ; done shifting? je fastd2 ; yup. shr edx,1 ; shift one bit rcr eax,1 ; ... loop fastd1 ; and try again fastd2: cmp edx,ebx ; umm, will the divide blow out? jae overd1 ; yup. better skip it. div ebx ; do the divide cmp eax,0 ; did the sign flip? jl overd1 ; then we overflowed cmp sign,0 ; is the sign reversed? je short divides3 ; nope neg eax ; flip the sign divides3: push eax ; save the 64-bit result pop ax ; low-order 16 bits pop dx ; high-order 16 bits jmp dividereturn ; back to common code .8086 ; 386-specific code ends here slowdivide: ; (sigh) time to do it the hard way... les ax,x ; move X to DX:AX mov dx,es ; ... mov sign,0 ; clear out the sign flag cmp dx,0 ; is X negative? jge divides4 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs not ax ; ... not dx ; ... stc ; ... adc ax,0 ; ... adc dx,0 ; ... divides4: mov cx,32 ; get ready to shift the bits sub cx,n ; (shift down rather than up) mov byte ptr temp+4,cl ; ... mov cx,0 ; clear out low bits of DX:AX:CX:BX mov bx,0 ; ... cmp byte ptr temp+4,16 ; >= 16 bits to shift? jl dividex0 ; nope mov bx,cx ; yup. Take a short-cut mov cx,ax ; ... mov ax,dx ; ... mov dx,0 ; ... sub byte ptr temp+4,16 ; ... dividex0: cmp byte ptr temp+4,8 ; >= 8 bits to shift? jl dividex1 ; nope mov bl,bh ; yup. Take a short-cut mov bh,cl ; ... mov cl,ch ; ... mov ch,al ; ... mov al,ah ; ... mov ah,dl ; ... mov dl,dh ; ... mov dh,0 ; ... sub byte ptr temp+4,8 ; ... dividex1: cmp byte ptr temp+4,0 ; are we done yet? je dividex2 ; yup shr dx,1 ; shift all 64 bits rcr ax,1 ; ... rcr cx,1 ; ... rcr bx,1 ; ... dec byte ptr temp+4 ; decrement the shift counter jmp short dividex1 ; and try again dividex2: les di,y ; move Y to SI:DI mov si,es ; ... cmp si,0 ; is Y negative? jge divides5 ; nope not sign ; yup. flip signs not di ; ... not si ; ... stc ; ... adc di,0 ; ... adc si,0 ; ... divides5: mov byte ptr temp+4,33 ; main loop counter mov temp,0 ; results in temp mov word ptr temp+2,0 ; ... dividel1: shl temp,1 ; shift the result up 1 rcl word ptr temp+2,1 ; ... cmp dx,si ; is DX:AX >= Y? jb dividel3 ; nope ja dividel2 ; yup cmp ax,di ; maybe jb dividel3 ; nope dividel2: cmp byte ptr temp+4,32 ; overflow city? jge overd1 ; yup. sub ax,di ; subtract Y sbb dx,si ; ... inc temp ; add 1 to the result adc word ptr temp+2,0 ; ... dividel3: shl bx,1 ; shift all 64 bits rcl cx,1 ; ... rcl ax,1 ; ... rcl dx,1 ; ... dec byte ptr temp+4 ; time to quit? jnz dividel1 ; nope. try again. mov ax,temp ; copy the result to DX:AX mov dx,word ptr temp+2 ; ... cmp sign,0 ; should we negate the result? je divides6 ; nope. not ax ; yup. flip signs. not dx ; ... mov bx,0 ; ... stc ; ... adc ax,0 ; ... adc dx,0 ; ... divides6: jmp short dividereturn overd1: mov ax,0ffffh ; overflow value mov dx,07fffh ; overflow value mov overflow,1 ; flag overflow dividereturn: ; that's all, folks! ret divide endp ; ****************** Function getakey() ***************************** ; **************** Function keypressed() **************************** ; 'getakey()' gets a key from either a "normal" or an enhanced ; keyboard. Returns either the vanilla ASCII code for regular ; keys, or 1000+(the scan code) for special keys (like F1, etc) ; Use of this routine permits the Control-Up/Down arrow keys on ; enhanced keyboards. ; ; The concept for this routine was "borrowed" from the MSKermit ; SCANCHEK utility ; ; 'keypressed()' returns a zero if no keypress is outstanding, ; and the value that 'getakey()' will return if one is. Note ; that you must still call 'getakey()' to flush the character. ; As a sidebar function, calls 'help()' if appropriate, or ; 'tab_display()' if appropriate. ; Think of 'keypressed()' as a super-'kbhit()'. keypressed proc call far ptr getkeynowait ; check for key jc keypressed1 ; got a key sub ax,ax ; fast no-key return ret keypressed1: FRAME <di,si,es> ; std frame, for TC++ overlays mov keybuffer,ax ; remember it for next time cmp ax,1059 ; help called? jne keypressed2 ; no help asked for. cmp helpmode,0 ; help enabled? jl keypressedx ; nope. mov keybuffer,0 ; say no key hit xor ax,ax push ax call far ptr help ; help! pop ax call far ptr restore_active_ovly ; help might've clobbered ovly sub ax,ax jmp short keypressedx keypressed2: cmp ax,9 ; TAB key hit? jne keypressedx ; nope. no TAB display. cmp tabmode,0 ; tab enabled? je keypressedx ; nope mov keybuffer,0 ; say no key hit call far ptr tab_display ; show the TAB status call far ptr restore_active_ovly ; tab might've clobbered ovly sub ax,ax keypressedx: UNFRAME <es,si,di> ; pop frame ret keypressed endp getakeynohelp proc gknhloop: call far ptr getakey ; get keystroke cmp ax,1059 ; help key? je gknhloop ; ignore help, none available ret getakeynohelp endp getakey proc cmp soundflag,1 ; is the sound on? jl getakeyloop ; ok, sound is off call far ptr nosnd ; turn off sound getakeyloop: call far ptr getkeynowait ; check for keystroke jnc getakeyloop ; no key, loop till we get one ret getakey endp getkeynowait proc FRAME <di,si,es> ; std frame, for TC++ overlays getkeyn0: cmp keybuffer,0 ; got a key buffered? je getkeynobuf ; nope mov ax,keybuffer ; key was buffered here mov keybuffer,0 ; clear buffer jmp getkeyyup ; exit with the key getkeynobuf: call mouseread ; mouse activity or savetime? jc getkeyn4 ; yup, ax holds the phoney key mov ah,kbd_type ; get the keyboard type or ah,1 ; check if a key is ready int 16h ; now check a key jnz gotkeyn ; got one cmp slides,1 ; slideshow playback active? jne getkeynope ; nope, return no key call far ptr slideshw ; check next playback keystroke cmp ax,0 ; got one? jne getkeyn5 ; yup, use it getkeynope: clc ; return no key UNFRAME <es,si,di> ; pop frame ret gotkeyn: ; got a real keyboard keystroke mov ah,kbd_type ; get the keyboard type int 16h ; now get a key cmp al,0e0h ; check: Enhanced Keyboard key? jne short getkeyn1 ; nope. proceed cmp ah,0 ; part 2 of Enhanced Key check je short getkeyn1 ; failed. normal key. mov al,0 ; Turn enhanced key "normal" jmp short getkeyn2 ; jump to common code getkeyn1: cmp ah,0e0h ; check again: Enhanced Key? jne short getkeyn2 ; nope. proceed. mov ah,al ; Turn Enhanced key "normal" mov al,0 ; ... getkeyn2: cmp al,0 ; Function Key? jne short getkeyn3 ; nope. proceed. mov al,ah ; klooge into ASCII Key mov ah,0 ; clobber the scan code add ax,1000 ; + 1000 jmp short getkeyn4 ; go to common return getkeyn3: mov ah,0 ; clobber the scan code getkeyn4: ; got real key (not playback) cmp ax,9999 ; savetime from mousread? je getkeyn6 ; yup, do it and don't record cmp slides,1 ; slideshow playback active? jne getkeyn5 ; nope cmp ax,1bh ; escape? jne getkeyn0 ; nope, ignore the key call far ptr stopslideshow ; terminate playback jmp short getkeyn0 ; go check for another key getkeyn5: cmp slides,2 ; slideshow record mode? jne getkeyn6 ; nope push ax call far ptr recordshw ; record the key pop ax getkeyn6: cmp debugflag,3000 ; color play enabled? jne getkeyyup ; nope cmp ax,'~' ; color play requested? jne getkeyyup ; nope call far ptr edit_text_colors ; play call far ptr restore_active_ovly ; might've clobbered ovly jmp getkeyn0 ; done playing, back around getkeyyup: stc ; indicate we have a key UNFRAME <es,si,di> ; pop frame ret getkeynowait endp ; ****************** Function buzzer(int buzzertype) ******************* ; ; Sound a tone based on the value of the parameter ; ; 0 = normal completion of task ; 1 = interrupted task ; 2 = error contition ; "buzzer()" codes: strings of two-word pairs ; (frequency in cycles/sec, delay in milliseconds) ; frequency == 0 means no sound ; delay == 0 means end-of-tune buzzer0 dw 1047,100 ; "normal" completion dw 1109,100 dw 1175,100 dw 0,0 buzzer1 dw 2093,100 ; "interrupted" completion dw 1976,100 dw 1857,100 dw 0,0 buzzer2 dw 40,500 ; "error" condition (razzberry) dw 0,0 ; *********************************************************************** buzzer proc uses si, buzzertype:word cmp soundflag,0 ; is the sound supressed? je buzzerreturn ; yup. bail out. mov si, offset buzzer0 ; normal completion frequency cmp buzzertype,0 ; normal completion? je buzzerdoit ; do it mov si,offset buzzer1 ; interrupted task frequency cmp buzzertype,1 ; interrupted task? je buzzerdoit ; do it mov si,offset buzzer2 ; error condition frequency buzzerdoit: mov ax,cs:0[si] ; get the (next) frequency mov bx,cs:2[si] ; get the (next) delay add si,4 ; get ready for the next tone cmp bx,0 ; are we done? je buzzerreturn ; yup. push bx ; put delay time on the stack push ax ; put tone value on the stack call far ptr tone ; do it pop ax ; restore stack pop bx ; restore stack jmp short buzzerdoit ; get the next tone buzzerreturn: ret ; we done buzzer endp ; ***************** Function delay(int delaytime) ************************ ; ; performs a delay loop for 'delaytime' milliseconds ; ; ************************************************************************ delayamillisecond proc near ; internal delay-a-millisecond code mov bx,delaycount ; set up to burn another millisecond delayamill1: mov cx,delayloop ; start up the counter delayamill2: ; loop delayamill2 ; burn up some time dec bx ; have we burned up a millisecond? jnz delayamill1 ; nope. try again. ret ; we done delayamillisecond endp delay proc uses es, delaytime:word ; delay loop (arg in milliseconds) mov ax,delaytime ; get the number of milliseconds cmp ax,0 ; any delay time at all? je delayreturn ; nope. delayloop1: call delayamillisecond ; burn up a millisecond of time dec ax ; have we burned up enough m-seconds? jnz delayloop1 ; nope. try again. delayreturn: ret ; we done. delay endp ; ************** Function tone(int frequency,int delaytime) ************** ; ; buzzes the speaker with this frequency for this amount of time ; ; ************************************************************************ tone proc uses es, tonefrequency:word, tonedelay:word mov al,0b6h ; latch to channel 2 out 43h,al ; ... cmp tonefrequency,12h ; was there a frequency? jbe tonebypass ; nope. delay only mov bx,tonefrequency ; get the frequency value mov ax,0 ; ugly klooge: convert this to the mov dx,12h ; divisor the 8253 wants to see div bx ; ... out 42h,al ; send the low value mov al,ah ; then the high value out 42h,al ; ... in al,61h ; get the current 8255 bits or al,3 ; turn bits 0 and 1 on out 61h,al ; ... tonebypass: mov ax,tonedelay ; get the delay value push ax ; set the parameter call far ptr delay ; and force a delay pop ax ; restore the parameter in al,61h ; get the current 8255 bits and al,11111100b ; turn bits 0 and 1 off out 61h,al ret ; we done tone endp ; ************** Function snd(int hertz) and nosnd() ************** ; ; turn the speaker on with this frequency (snd) or off (nosnd) ; ; ***************************************************************** snd proc hertz:word ;Sound the speaker cmp hertz, 20 jle hertzbad cmp hertz, 5000 jge hertzbad mov ax,0 ;Convert hertz mov dx, 12h ;for use by routine div hertz mov bx, ax mov al,10110110b ;Put magic number out 43h, al ;into timer2 mov ax, bx ;Pitch into AX out 42h, al ;LSB into timer2 mov al, ah ;MSB to AL then out 42h, al ;to timer2 in al, 61h ;read I/O port B into AL or al,3 ;turn on bits 0 and 1 out 61h,al ;to turn on speaker hertzbad: ret snd endp nosnd proc ;Turn off speaker in al, 61h ;Read I/O port B into AL and al, 11111100b ;mask lower two bits out 61h, al ;to turn off speaker ret nosnd endp ; ****************** Function initasmvars() ***************************** initasmvars proc uses es si di cmp cpu,0 ; have we been called yet: je initasmvarsgo ; nope. proceed. jmp initreturn ; yup. no need to be here. initasmvarsgo: mov ax,ds ; save the data segment mov _dataseg_xx,ax ; for the C code mov overflow,0 ; indicate no overflows so far mov dx,1 ; ask for 96K of far space mov ax,8000h ; ... push dx ; ... push ax ; ... call far ptr farmemalloc ; use the assembler routine to do it pop ax ; restore the stack pop ax ; ... mov extraseg,dx ; save the results here. call adapter_init ; call the video adapter init ; first see if a mouse is installed push es ; (no, first check to ensure that mov ax,0 ; int 33h doesn't point to 0:0) mov es,ax ; ... mov ax,es:0cch ; ... pop es ; ... cmp ax,0 ; does int 33h have a non-zero value? je noint33 ; nope. then there's no mouse. xor ax,ax ; function for mouse check int 33h ; call mouse driver noint33: mov mouse,al ; al holds info about mouse ; now get the information about the kbd push es ; save ES for a tad mov ax,40h ; reload ES with BIOS data seg mov es,ax ; ... mov ah,es:96h ; get the keyboard byte pop es ; restore ES and ah,10h ; isolate the Enhanced KBD bit mov kbd_type,ah ; and save it call far ptr cputype ; what kind of CPU do we have here? cmp ax,0 ; protected mode of some sort? jge positive ; nope. proceed. neg ax ; yup. flip the sign. positive: mov cpu,ax ; save the cpu type. itsa386: cmp debugflag,8088 ; say, should we pretend it's an 8088? jne nodebug ; nope. mov cpu,86 ; yup. use 16-bit emulation. nodebug: call far ptr fputype ; what kind of an FPU do we have? mov fpu,ax ; save the results push es ; save ES for a tad mov ax,0 ; reset ES to BIOS data area mov es,ax ; ... mov dx,es:46ch ; obtain the current timer value cmp cpu,386 ; are we on a 386 or above? jb delaystartuploop ; nope. don't adjust anything mov delayloop, 256 ; yup. slow down the timer loop delaystartuploop: cmp dx,es:46ch ; has the timer value changed? je delaystartuploop ; nope. check again. mov dx,es:46ch ; obtain the current timer value again mov ax,0 ; clear the delay counter mov delaycount,55 ; 55 millisecs = 1/18.2 secs delaytestloop: call delayamillisecond ; burn up a (fake) millisecond inc ax ; indicate another loop has passed cmp dx,es:46ch ; has the timer value changed? je delaytestloop ; nope. burn up some more time. mov delaycount,ax ; save the results here pop es ; restore ES again initreturn: ret ; return to caller initasmvars endp ; New (Apr '90) mouse code by Pieter Branderhorst follows. ; The variable lookatmouse controls it all. Callers of keypressed and ; getakey should set lookatmouse to: ; 0 ignore the mouse entirely ; <0 only test for left button click; if it occurs return fake key ; number 0-lookatmouse ; 1 return enter key for left button, arrow keys for mouse movement, ; mouse sensitivity is suitable for graphics cursor ; 2 same as 1 but sensitivity is suitable for text cursor ; 3 specials for zoombox, left/right double-clicks generate fake ; keys, mouse movement generates a variety of fake keys ; depending on state of buttons ; Mouse movement is accumulated & saved across calls. Eg if mouse has been ; moved up-right quickly, the next few calls to getakey might return: ; right,right,up,right,up ; Minor jiggling of the mouse generates no keystroke, and is forgotten (not ; accumulated with additional movement) if no additional movement in the ; same direction occurs within a short interval. ; Movements on angles near horiz/vert are treated as horiz/vert; the nearness ; tolerated varies depending on mode. ; Any movement not picked up by calling routine within a short time of mouse ; stopping is forgotten. (This does not apply to button pushes in modes<3.) ; Mouseread would be more accurate if interrupt-driven, but with the usage ; in fractint (tight getakey loops while mouse active) there's no need. ; translate table for mouse movement -> fake keys mousefkey dw 1077,1075,1080,1072 ; right,left,down,up just movement dw 0, 0,1081,1073 ; ,pgdn,pgup + left button dw 1144,1142,1147,1146 ; kpad+,kpad-,cdel,cins + rt button dw 1117,1119,1118,1132 ; ctl-end,home,pgdn,pgup + mid/multi DclickTime equ 9 ; ticks within which 2nd click must occur JitterTime equ 6 ; idle ticks before turfing unreported mickeys TextHSens equ 22 ; horizontal sensitivity in text mode TextVSens equ 44 ; vertical sensitivity in text mode GraphSens equ 5 ; sensitivity in graphics mode; gets lower @ higher res ZoomSens equ 20 ; sensitivity for zoom box sizing/rotation TextVHLimit equ 6 ; treat angles < 1:6 as straight GraphVHLimit equ 14 ; treat angles < 1:14 as straight ZoomVHLimit equ 1 ; treat angles < 1:1 as straight JitterMickeys equ 3 ; mickeys to ignore before noticing motion mouseread proc near local moveaxis:word ; check if it is time to do an autosave cmp saveticks,0 ; autosave timer running? je mouse0 ; nope sub ax,ax ; reset ES to BIOS data area mov es,ax ; see notes at mouse1 in similar code tickread: mov ax,es:046ch ; obtain the current timer value cmp ax,savechktime ; a new clock tick since last check? je mouse0 ; nope, save a dozen opcodes or so mov dx,es:046eh ; high word of ticker cmp ax,es:046ch ; did a tick get counted just as we looked? jne tickread ; yep, reread both words to be safe mov savechktime,ax sub ax,savebase ; calculate ticks since timer started sbb dx,savebase+2 jns tickcompare add ax,0b0h ; wrapped past midnight, add a day adc dx,018h tickcompare: cmp dx,saveticks+2 ; check if past autosave time jb mouse0 ja ticksavetime cmp ax,saveticks jb mouse0 ticksavetime: ; it is time to do a save mov ax,finishrow cmp ax,-1 ; waiting for the end of a row before save? jne tickcheckrow ; yup, go check row cmp calc_status,1 ; safety check, calc active? jne tickdosave ; nope, don't check type of calc cmp got_status,0 ; 1pass or 2pass? je ticknoterow ; yup cmp got_status,1 ; solid guessing? jne tickdosave ; not 1pass, 2pass, ssg, so save immediately ticknoterow: mov ax,currow ; note the current row mov finishrow,ax ; ... jmp short mouse0 ; and keep working for now tickcheckrow: cmp ax,currow ; started a new row since timer went off? je mouse0 ; nope, don't do the save yet tickdosave: mov timedsave,1 ; tell mainline what's up mov ax,9999 ; a dummy key value, never gets used jmp mouseret mouse0: ; now the mouse stuff cmp mouse,-1 jne mouseidle ; no mouse, that was easy mov ax,lookatmouse cmp ax,prevlamouse je mouse1 ; lookatmouse changed, reset everything mov prevlamouse,ax mov mbclicks,0 mov mbstatus,0 mov mhmickeys,0 mov mvmickeys,0 ; note: don't use int 33 func 0 nor 21 to reset, they're SLOW mov ax,06h ; reset button counts by reading them mov bx,0 int 33h mov ax,06h mov bx,1 int 33h mov ax,05h mov bx,0 int 33h mov ax,0Bh ; reset motion counters by reading int 33h mov ax,lookatmouse mouse1: or ax,ax jz mouseidle ; check nothing when lookatmouse=0 ; following code directly accesses bios tick counter; it would be ; better not to rely on addr (use int 1A instead) but old PCs don't ; have the required int, the addr is constant in bios to date, and ; fractint startup already counts on it, so: mov ax,0 ; reset ES to BIOS data area mov es,ax ; ... mov dx,es:46ch ; obtain the current timer value cmp dx,mousetime ; if timer same as last call, skip int 33s: reduces expense and gives ; caller a chance to read all pending stuff and paint something jne mnewtick cmp lookatmouse,0 ; interested in anything other than left button? jl mouseidle ; nope, done jmp mouse5 mouseidle: clc ; tell caller no mouse activity this time ret mnewtick: ; new tick, read buttons and motion mov mousetime,dx ; note current timer cmp lookatmouse,3 je mouse2 ; skip button press if mode 3 ; check press of left button mov ax,05h ; get button press info mov bx,0 ; for left button int 33h or bx,bx jnz mleftb cmp lookatmouse,0 jl mouseidle ; exit if nothing but left button matters jmp mouse3 ; not mode 3 so skip past button release stuff mleftb: mov ax,13 cmp lookatmouse,0 jg mouser ; return fake key enter mov ax,lookatmouse ; return fake key 0-lookatmouse neg ax mouser: jmp mouseret mouse2: ; mode 3, check for double clicks mov ax,06h ; get button release info mov bx,0 ; left button int 33h mov dx,mousetime cmp bx,1 ; left button released? jl msnolb ; go check timer if not jg mslbgo ; double click test mbclicks,1 ; had a 1st click already? jnz mslbgo ; yup, double click mov mlbtimer,dx ; note time of 1st click or mbclicks,1 jmp short mousrb mslbgo: and mbclicks,0ffh-1 mov ax,13 ; fake key enter jmp mouseret msnolb: sub dx,mlbtimer ; clear 1st click if its been too long cmp dx,DclickTime jb mousrb and mbclicks,0ffh-1 ; forget 1st click if any ; next all the same code for right button mousrb: mov ax,06h ; get button release info mov bx,1 ; right button int 33h ; now much the same as for left mov dx,mousetime cmp bx,1 jl msnorb jg msrbgo test mbclicks,2 jnz msrbgo mov mrbtimer,dx or mbclicks,2 jmp short mouse3 msrbgo: and mbclicks,0ffh-2 mov ax,1010 ; fake key ctl-enter jmp mouseret msnorb: sub dx,mrbtimer cmp dx,DclickTime jb mouse3 and mbclicks,0ffh-2 ; get buttons state, if any changed reset mickey counters mouse3: mov ax,03h ; get button status int 33h and bl,7 ; just the button bits cmp bl,mbstatus ; any changed? je mouse4 mov mbstatus,bl ; yup, reset stuff mov mhmickeys,0 mov mvmickeys,0 mov ax,0Bh int 33h ; reset driver's mickeys by reading them ; get motion counters, forget any jiggle mouse4: mov ax,0Bh ; get motion counters int 33h mov bx,mousetime ; just to have it in a register cmp cx,0 ; horiz motion? jne moushm ; yup, go accum it mov ax,bx sub ax,mhtimer cmp ax,JitterTime ; timeout since last horiz motion? jb mousev mov mhmickeys,0 jmp short mousev moushm: mov mhtimer,bx ; note time of latest motion add mhmickeys,cx ; same as above for vertical movement: mousev: cmp dx,0 ; vert motion? jne mousvm mov ax,bx sub ax,mvtimer cmp ax,JitterTime jb mouse5 mov mvmickeys,0 jmp short mouse5 mousvm: mov mvtimer,bx add mvmickeys,dx ; pick the axis with largest pending movement mouse5: mov bx,mhmickeys or bx,bx jns mchkv neg bx ; make it +ve mchkv: mov cx,mvmickeys or cx,cx jns mchkmx neg cx mchkmx: mov moveaxis,0 ; flag that we're going horiz cmp bx,cx ; horiz>=vert? jge mangle xchg bx,cx ; nope, use vert mov moveaxis,1 ; flag that we're going vert ; if moving nearly horiz/vert, make it exactly horiz/vert mangle: mov ax,TextVHLimit cmp lookatmouse,2 ; slow (text) mode? je mangl2 mov ax,GraphVHLimit cmp lookatmouse,3 ; special mode? jne mangl2 cmp mbstatus,0 ; yup, any buttons down? je mangl2 mov ax,ZoomVHLimit ; yup, special zoom functions mangl2: mul cx ; smaller axis * limit cmp ax,bx ja mchkmv ; min*ratio <= max? cmp moveaxis,0 ; yup, clear the smaller movement axis jne mzeroh mov mvmickeys,0 jmp short mchkmv mzeroh: mov mhmickeys,0 ; pick sensitivity to use mchkmv: cmp lookatmouse,2 ; slow (text) mode? je mchkmt mov dx,ZoomSens+JitterMickeys cmp lookatmouse,3 ; special mode? jne mchkmg cmp mbstatus,0 ; yup, any buttons down? jne mchkm2 ; yup, use zoomsens mchkmg: mov dx,GraphSens mov cx,sxdots ; reduce sensitivity for higher res mchkg2: cmp cx,400 ; horiz dots >= 400? jl mchkg3 shr cx,1 ; horiz/2 shr dx,1 inc dx ; sensitivity/2+1 jmp short mchkg2 mchkg3: add dx,JitterMickeys jmp short mchkm2 mchkmt: mov dx,TextVSens+JitterMickeys cmp moveaxis,0 jne mchkm2 mov dx,TextHSens+JitterMickeys ; slower on X axis than Y ; is largest movement past threshold? mchkm2: cmp bx,dx jge mmove jmp mouseidle ; no movement past threshold, return nothing ; set bx for right/left/down/up, and reduce the pending mickeys mmove: sub dx,JitterMickeys cmp moveaxis,0 jne mmovev cmp mhmickeys,0 jl mmovh2 sub mhmickeys,dx ; horiz, right mov bx,0 jmp short mmoveb mmovh2: add mhmickeys,dx ; horiz, left mov bx,2 jmp short mmoveb mmovev: cmp mvmickeys,0 jl mmovv2 sub mvmickeys,dx ; vert, down mov bx,4 jmp short mmoveb mmovv2: add mvmickeys,dx ; vert, up mov bx,6 ; modify bx if a button is being held down mmoveb: cmp lookatmouse,3 jne mmovek ; only modify in mode 3 cmp mbstatus,1 jne mmovb2 add bx,8 ; modify by left button jmp short mmovek mmovb2: cmp mbstatus,2 jne mmovb3 add bx,16 ; modify by rb jmp short mmovek mmovb3: cmp mbstatus,0 je mmovek add bx,24 ; modify by middle or multiple ; finally, get the fake key number mmovek: mov ax,mousefkey[bx] mouseret: stc ret mouseread endp ; long readticker() returns current bios ticker value readticker proc uses es sub ax,ax ; reset ES to BIOS data area mov es,ax ; see notes at mouse1 in similar code tickread: mov ax,es:046ch ; obtain the current timer value mov dx,es:046eh ; high word of ticker cmp ax,es:046ch ; did a tick get counted just as we looked? jne tickread ; yep, reread both words to be safe ret readticker endp ;=============================================================== ; ; CPUTYPE.ASM : C-callable functions cputype() and ndptype() adapted ; by Lee Daniel Crocker from code appearing in the late PC Tech Journal, ; August 1987 and November 1987. PC Tech Journal was a Ziff-Davis ; Publication. Code herein is copyrighted and used with permission. ; ; The function cputype() returns an integer value based on what kind ; of CPU it found, as follows: ; ; Value CPU Type ; ===== ======== ; 86 8086, 8088, V20, or V30 ; 186 80186 or 80188 ; 286 80286 ; 386 80386 or 80386sx ; -286 80286 in protected mode ; -386 80386 or 80386sx in protected or 32-bit address mode ; ; The function ndptype() returns an integer based on the type of NDP ; it found, as follows: ; ; Value NDP Type ; ===== ======== ; 0 No NDP found ; 87 8087 ; 287 80287 ; 387 80387 ; ; No provisions are made for the 80486 CPU/FPU or Weitek FPA chips. ; ; Neither function takes any arguments or affects any external storage, ; so there should be no memory-model dependencies. .286P .code cputype proc push bp push sp ; 86/186 will push SP-2; pop ax ; 286/386 will push SP. cmp ax, sp jz not86 ; If equal, SP was pushed mov ax, 186 mov cl, 32 ; 186 uses count mod 32 = 0; shl ax, cl ; 86 shifts 32 so ax = 0 jnz exit ; Non-zero: no shift, so 186 mov ax, 86 ; Zero: shifted out all bits jmp short exit not86: pushf ; Test 16 or 32 operand size: mov ax, sp ; Pushed 2 or 4 bytes of flags? popf inc ax inc ax cmp ax, sp ; Did pushf change SP by 2? jnz is32bit ; If not, then 4 bytes of flags is16bit: sub sp, 6 ; Is it 286 or 386 in 16-bit mode? mov bp, sp ; Allocate stack space for GDT pointer sgdt fword ptr [bp] add sp, 4 ; Discard 2 words of GDT pointer pop ax ; Get third word inc ah ; 286 stores -1, 386 stores 0 or 1 jnz is386 is286: mov ax, 286 jmp short testprot ; Check for protected mode is32bit: db 66h ; 16-bit override in 32-bit mode is386: mov ax, 386 testprot: smsw cx ; Protected? Machine status -> CX ror cx,1 ; Protection bit -> carry flag jnc exit ; Real mode if no carry neg ax ; Protected: return neg value exit: pop bp ret cputype endp .data control dw 0 ; Temp storage for 8087 control ; and status registers .code fputype proc push bp fninit ; Defaults to 64-bit mantissa mov byte ptr control+1, 0 fnstcw control ; Store control word over 0 ; dw 3ed9h ; (klooge to avoid the MASM \e switch) ; dw offset control ; ((equates to the above 'fnstcw' cmd)) mov ah, byte ptr control+1 ; Test contents of byte written cmp ah, 03h ; Test for 64-bit precision flags je gotone ; Got one! Now let's find which xor ax, ax jmp short fexit ; No NDP found gotone: and control, not 0080h ; IEM = 0 (interrupts on) fldcw control fdisi ; Disable ints; 287/387 will ignore fstcw control test control, 0080h jz not87 ; Got 287/387; keep testing mov ax, 87 jmp short freset not87: finit fld1 fldz fdiv ; Divide 1/0 to create infinity fld st fchs ; Push -infinity on stack fcompp ; Compare +-infinity fstsw control mov ax, control sahf jnz got387 ; 387 will compare correctly mov ax, 287 jmp short freset got387: ; Only one left (until 487/Weitek mov ax, 387 ; test is added) freset: fninit ; in case tests have had strange finit ; side-effects, reset fexit: pop bp ret fputype endp ; ************************* Far Segment RAM Support ************************** ; ; ; farptr = (char far *)farmemalloc(long bytestoalloc); ; (void)farmemfree(farptr); ; ; alternatives to Microsoft/TurboC routines ; ; .8086 farmemalloc proc uses es, bytestoallocate:dword les bx,bytestoallocate ; get the # of bytes into DX:BX mov dx,es ; ... add bx,15 ; round up to next paragraph boundary adc dx,0 ; ... shr dx,1 ; convert to paragraphs rcr bx,1 ; ... shr dx,1 ; ... rcr bx,1 ; ... shr dx,1 ; ... rcr bx,1 ; ... shr dx,1 ; ... rcr bx,1 ; ... cmp dx,0 ; ensure that we don't want > 1MB jne farmemallocfailed ; bail out if we do mov ah,48h ; invoke DOS to allocate memory int 21h ; ... jc farmemallocfailed ; bail out on failure mov dx,ax ; set up DX:AX as far address mov ax,0 ; ... jmp short farmemallocreturn ; and return farmemallocfailed: mov ax,0 ; (load up with a failed response) mov dx,0 ; ... farmemallocreturn: ret ; we done. farmemalloc endp farmemfree proc uses es, farptr:dword les ax,farptr ; get the segment into ES mov ah,49h ; invoke DOS to free the segment int 21h ; ... ret farmemfree endp erasesegment proc uses es di si, segaddress:word, segvalue:word mov ax,segaddress ; load up the segment address mov es,ax ; ... mov di,0 ; start at the beginning mov ax,segvalue ; use this value mov cx,8000h ; over the entire segment rep stosw ; do it ret ; we done erasesegment endp farread proc uses ds, handle:word, buf:dword, len:word mov ah, 03Fh mov bx, [handle] mov cx, [len] lds dx, [buf] int 21h jnc farreaddone mov ax, -1 farreaddone: ret farread endp farwrite proc uses ds, handle:word, buf:dword, len:word mov ah, 040h mov bx, [handle] mov cx, [len] lds dx, [buf] int 21h jnc farwritedone mov ax, -1 farwritedone: ret farwrite endp ; Convert segment:offset to equiv pointer with minimum possible offset normalize proc p: dword ; mov ax, [word ptr p] ; mov dx, [word ptr p+2] les ax, p mov dx, es mov bx, ax shr bx, 1 shr bx, 1 shr bx, 1 shr bx, 1 and ax, 0Fh add dx, bx ret normalize endp ; *************** Far string/memory functions ********* ; far_strlen ( char far *); ; far_strcpy ( char far *, char far *); ; far_strcmp ( char far *, char far *); ; far_stricmp( char far *, char far *); ; far_strnicmp(char far *, char far *, int); ; far_strcat ( char far *, char far *); ; far_memset ( char far *, char far, int); ; far_memcpy ( char far *, char far *, int); ; far_memcmp ( char far *, char far *, int); ; far_memicmp( char far *, char far *, int); ; xxxfar_routines are called internally with: ; ds:si pointing to the source ; es:di pointing to the destination ; cx containing a byte count ; al contining a character (set) value ; (and they destroy registers willy-nilly) xxxfar_memlen proc near ; return string length - INCLUDING the 0 mov ax,0 mov cx,1024 repne scasb sub cx,1024 neg cx ret xxxfar_memlen endp xxxfar_memcmp proc near ; compare two strings - length in CX mov ax,0 rep cmpsb jz wedone mov ax,1 wedone: ret xxxfar_memcmp endp xxxfar_memicmp proc near ; compare two caseless strings - length in CX mov ax,0 cmp cx,0 je wedone dec si dec di loop1: inc si inc di mov al,es:[di] mov ah,ds:[si] cmp al,ah je loop2 cmp al,'A' jb lower1 cmp al,'Z' ja lower1 add al,20h lower1: cmp ah,'A' jb lower2 cmp ah,'Z' ja lower2 add ah,20h lower2: cmp al,ah jne uneql loop2: loop loop1 mov ax,0 jmp short wedone uneql: mov ax,1 wedone: ret xxxfar_memicmp endp far_strlen proc uses ds es di si, fromaddr:dword les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length mov ax,cx ; return len dec ax ; don't count null ret ; we done. far_strlen endp far_strnicmp proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword, len:word les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length cmp cx,len ; source less than or equal to len? jle cxbigger ; yup - use cx mov cx,len ; nope - use len cxbigger: les di,toaddr ; get the dest string lds si,fromaddr ; get the source string call xxxfar_memicmp ; compare them ret ; we done. far_strnicmp endp far_strcpy proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length les di,toaddr ; now move to here lds si,fromaddr ; from here rep movsb ; move them ret ; we done. far_strcpy endp far_strcmp proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length les di,toaddr ; now compare to here lds si,fromaddr ; compare here call xxxfar_memcmp ; compare them ret ; we done. far_strcmp endp far_stricmp proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length les di,toaddr ; get the dest string lds si,fromaddr ; get the source string call xxxfar_memicmp ; compare them ret ; we done. far_stricmp endp far_strcat proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword les di,fromaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length push cx ; save it les di,toaddr ; point to start-of-string call xxxfar_memlen ; find the string length les di,toaddr ; now move to here add di,cx ; but start at the end of string dec di ; (less the EOS zero) lds si,fromaddr ; from here pop cx ; get the string length rep movsb ; move them ret ; we done. far_strcat endp far_memset proc uses es di, toaddr:dword, fromvalue:word, slength:word mov ax,fromvalue ; get the value to store mov cx,slength ; get the store length les di,toaddr ; now move to here rep stosb ; store them ret ; we done. far_memset endp far_memcpy proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword, slength:word mov cx,slength ; get the move length les di,toaddr ; now move to here lds si,fromaddr ; from here rep movsb ; move them ret ; we done. far_memcpy endp far_memcmp proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword, slength:word mov cx,slength ; get the compare length les di,toaddr ; now compare to here lds si,fromaddr ; compare here call xxxfar_memcmp ; compare them ret ; we done. far_memcmp endp far_memicmp proc uses ds es di si, toaddr:dword, fromaddr:dword, slength:word mov cx,slength ; get the compare length les di,toaddr ; get the dest string lds si,fromaddr ; get the source string call xxxfar_memicmp ; compare them ret ; we done. far_memicmp endp disable proc ; disable interrupts cli ret disable endp enable proc ; re-enable interrupts sti ret enable endp ; *************** Expanded Memory Manager Support Routines ****************** ; for use with LIM 3.2 or 4.0 Expanded Memory ; ; farptr = emmquery() ; Query presence of EMM and initialize EMM code ; ; returns EMM FAR Address, or 0 if no EMM ; freepages = emmgetfree(); Returns the number of pages (1 page = 16K) ; ; not already allocated for something else ; handle = emmallocate(pages) ; allocate EMM pages (1 page = 16K) ; ; returns handle # if OK, or else 0 ; emmdeallocate(handle) ; return EMM pages to system - MUST BE CALLED ; ; or allocated EMM memory fills up ; emmgetpage(page, handle); get an EMM page (actually, links the EMM ; ; page to the EMM Segment ADDR, saving any ; ; prior page in the process) ; emmclearpage(page, handle) ; performs an 'emmgetpage()' and then clears ; ; it out (quickly) to zeroes with a 'REP STOSW' .8086 .DATA emm_name db 'EMMXXXX0',0 ; device driver for EMM emm_segment dw 0 ; EMM page frame segment emm_zeroflag db 0 ; klooge flag for handle==0 .CODE emmquery proc mov ah,3dh ; function 3dh = open file mov al,0 ; read only mov dx,offset emm_name ; DS:DX = address of name of EMM int 21h ; open it jc emmqueryfailed ; oops. no EMM. mov bx,ax ; BX = handle for EMM mov ah,44h ; function 44h = IOCTL mov al,7 ; get outo. status mov cx,0 ; CX = # of bytes to read int 21h ; do it. push ax ; save the IOCTL handle. mov ah,3eh ; function 3H = close int 21h ; BX still cintains handle pop ax ; restore AX for the status query jc emmqueryfailed ; huh? close FAILED? or al,al ; was the status 0? jz emmqueryfailed ; well then, it wasn't EMM! mov ah,40h ; query EMM: hardware ok? int 67h ; EMM call cmp ah,0 ; is it ok? jne emmqueryfailed ; if not, fail mov ah,41h ; query EMM: Get Page Frame Segment int 67h ; EMM call cmp ah,0 ; is it ok? jne emmqueryfailed ; if not, fail mov emm_segment,bx ; save page frame segment mov dx,bx ; return page frame address mov ax,0 ; ... jmp short emmqueryreturn ; we done. emmqueryfailed: mov ax,0 ; return 0 (no EMM found) mov dx,0 ; ... emmqueryreturn: ret ; we done. emmquery endp emmgetfree proc ; get # of free EMM pages mov ah,42h ; EMM call: get total and free pages int 67h ; EMM call cmp ah,0 ; did we suceed? jne emmgetfreefailed ; nope. return 0 free pages mov ax,bx ; else return # of free pages jmp emmgetfreereturn ; we done. emmgetfreefailed: mov ax,0 ; failure mode emmgetfreereturn: ret ; we done emmgetfree endp emmallocate proc pages:word ; allocate EMM pages mov bx,pages ; BX = # of 16K pages mov ah,43h ; ask for the memory int 67h ; EMM call mov emm_zeroflag,0 ; clear the klooge flag cmp ah,0 ; did the call work? jne emmallocatebad ; nope. mov ax,dx ; yup. save the handle here cmp ax,0 ; was the handle a zero? jne emmallocatereturn ; yup. no kloogy fixes mov emm_zeroflag,1 ; oops. set an internal flag mov ax,1234 ; and make up a dummy handle. jmp short emmallocatereturn ; and return emmallocatebad: mov ax,0 ; indicate no handle emmallocatereturn: ret ; we done. emmallocate endp emmdeallocate proc emm_handle:word ; De-allocate EMM memory emmdeallocatestart: mov dx,emm_handle ; get the EMM handle cmp dx,1234 ; was it our special klooge value? jne emmdeallocatecontinue ; nope. proceed. cmp emm_zeroflag,1 ; was it really a zero handle? jne emmdeallocatecontinue ; nope. proceed. mov dx,0 ; yup. use zero instead. emmdeallocatecontinue: mov ah,45h ; EMM function: deallocate int 67h ; EMM call cmp ah,0 ; did it work? jne emmdeallocatestart ; well then, try it again! emmdeallocatereturn: ret ; we done emmdeallocate endp emmgetpage proc pagenum:word, emm_handle:word ; get EMM page mov bx,pagenum ; BX = page numper mov dx,emm_handle ; DX = EMM handle cmp dx,1234 ; was it our special klooge value? jne emmgetpagecontinue ; nope. proceed. cmp emm_zeroflag,1 ; was it really a zero handle? jne emmgetpagecontinue ; nope. proceed. mov dx,0 ; yup. use zero instead. emmgetpagecontinue: mov ah,44h ; EMM call: get page mov al,0 ; get it into page 0 int 67h ; EMM call ret ; we done emmgetpage endp emmclearpage proc pagenum:word, emm_handle:word ; clear EMM page mov bx,pagenum ; BX = page numper mov dx,emm_handle ; DX = EMM handle cmp dx,1234 ; was it our special klooge value? jne emmclearpagecontinue ; nope. proceed. cmp emm_zeroflag,1 ; was it really a zero handle? jne emmclearpagecontinue ; nope. proceed. mov dx,0 ; yup. use zero instead. emmclearpagecontinue: mov ah,44h ; EMM call: get page mov al,0 ; get it into page 0 int 67h ; EMM call mov ax,emm_segment ; get EMM segment into ES push es ; ... mov es,ax ; ... mov di,0 ; start at offset 0 mov cx,8192 ; for 16K (in words) mov ax,0 ; clear out EMM segment to zeroes rep stosw ; clear the page pop es ; restore ES ret ; we done emmclearpage endp ; *************** Extended Memory Manager Support Routines ****************** ; for use XMS 2.0 and later Extended Memory ; ; xmmquery() ; Query presence of XMM and initialize XMM code ; ; returns 0 if no XMM ; xmmlongest() ; return size of largest available ; ; XMM block in Kbytes (or zero if none) ; handle = xmmallocate(Kbytes) ; allocate XMM block in Kbytes ; ; returns handle # if OK, or else 0 ; xmmreallocate(handle, Kbytes) ; change size of handle's block ; ; to size of Kbytes. Returns 0 if failed ; xmmdeallocate(handle) ; return XMM block to system - MUST BE CALLED ; ; or allocated XMM memory is not released. ; xmmmoveextended(&MoveStruct) ; Moves a block of memory to or ; ; from extended memory. Returns 1 if OK ; ; else returns 0. ; The structure format for use with xmmoveextended is: ; ; ASM | C ;--------------------------------+---------------------------------------- ; XMM_Move struc | struct XMM_Move ; | { ; Length dd ? | unsigned long Length; ; SourceHandle dw ? | unsigned int SourceHandle; ; SourceOffset dd ? | unsigned long SourceOffset; ; DestHandle dw ? | unsigned int DestHandle; ; DestOffset dd ? | unsigned long DestOffset; ; XMM_Move ends | }; ; | ; ; Please refer to XMS spec version 2.0 for further information. .data xmscontrol dd dword ptr (?) ; Address of driver's control function .code xmmquery proc mov ax,4300h ; Is an XMS driver installed? int 2fh cmp al, 80h ; Did it succeed? jne xmmqueryfailed ; No mov ax,4310h ; Get control function address int 2fh mov word ptr [xmscontrol], bx ; Put address in xmscontrol mov word ptr [xmscontrol+2], es ; ... mov ah,00h ; Get version number call [xmscontrol] cmp ax,0200h ; Is 2.00 or higher? jge xmmquerydone ; Yes xmmqueryfailed: mov ax,0 ; return failure mov dx,0 xmmquerydone: ret xmmquery endp xmmlongest proc ; query length of largest avail block mov ah, 08h ; call [xmscontrol] mov dx, 0 ret xmmlongest endp xmmallocate proc ksize:word mov ah,09h ; Allocate extended memory block mov dx,ksize ; size of block in Kbytes call [xmscontrol] cmp ax,0001h ; did it succeed? jne xmmallocatefail ; nope mov ax,dx ; Put handle here jmp short xmmallocatedone xmmallocatefail: mov ax, 0 ; Indicate failure; xmmallocatedone: ret xmmallocate endp xmmreallocate proc handle:word, newsize:word mov ah, 0Fh ; Change size of extended mem block mov dx, handle ; handle of block to reallocate mov bx, newsize ; new size for block call [xmscontrol] cmp ax, 0001h ; one indicates success je xmmreallocdone mov ax, 0 ; we return zero for failure xmmreallocdone: ret xmmreallocate endp xmmdeallocate proc xmm_handle:word mov ah,0ah ; Deallocate extended memory block mov dx, xmm_handle ; Give it handle call [xmscontrol] ret xmmdeallocate endp xmmmoveextended proc uses si, MoveStruct:word ; Call the XMS MoveExtended function. mov ah,0Bh mov si,MoveStruct ; the move structure. call [xmscontrol] ; ; The call to xmscontrol returns a 1 in AX if successful, 0 otherwise. ret xmmmoveextended endp ; ********************* IIT FPU Chip Support Routines ****************** ; for use with 2C87 and 3C87 FPU chips ; ; load_mat(double matrix[16]) ; Load a 4x4 matrix of doubles into IIT ; ; IIT registers ; ; mult_vec_iit(double vector[3]) ; Multiply matrix times vector. Routine ; ; is not completely general - makes use of ; ; the fact that Fractint 3D vectors always ; ; have a fourth component of 1. Only three ; ; array elements are actually accessed. ; ; Source and target vectors are the same. ; ; IITCoPro() ; Detect IIT chip - return 1. Do not call ; ; unless at least a 287 already detected. ; ; Code adapted by Tim Wegner from IIT documentation and detect routine ; sent by Jonathan Osuch and modified by Charles Marslett -- 01/29/91 ; ; The following routines were provided by IIT to implement a semaphore ; system to protect the IIT extra registers from multi-tasking: ; ; F4x4Check() ; returns 1 if semaphore TSR loaded ; F4x4Lock() ; returns 1 if semaphore free and locks ; F4x4Free() ; frees locked semaphore .286 .287 .data one dq 1.0 .code ; ;load_mat(double *array) ; load_mat proc array:WORD finit db 0DBh,0EBh ; select register set 0 fwait mov bx, array fld QWORD PTR [bx+64 ] ; load row 3 fld QWORD PTR [bx+72 ] fld QWORD PTR [bx+80 ] fld QWORD PTR [bx+88 ] fld QWORD PTR [bx+96 ] ; load row 4 fld QWORD PTR [bx+104] fld QWORD PTR [bx+112] fld QWORD PTR [bx+120] finit db 0DBh,0EAh ; select register set 1 fld QWORD PTR [bx+0 ] ; load row 1 fld QWORD PTR [bx+8 ] fld QWORD PTR [bx+16] fld QWORD PTR [bx+24] fld QWORD PTR [bx+32] ; load row 2 fld QWORD PTR [bx+40] fld QWORD PTR [bx+48] fld QWORD PTR [bx+56] finit db 0DBh,0E8h ; select register set 0 fwait ret load_mat endp .code ; ;mult_vec_iit(vector) ; mult_vec_iit proc uses bx, vector:WORD mov bx,vector fld one ; last component always 1 in fractint ; fld QWORD PTR [bx+24 ] ; 4 fld QWORD PTR [bx+16 ] ; 3 fld QWORD PTR [bx+8 ] ; 2 fld QWORD PTR [bx+0 ] ; 1 db 0DBh,0F1h ; multiply the column vector fwait fstp QWORD PTR [bx+0 ] ; 1 fstp QWORD PTR [bx+8 ] ; 2 fstp QWORD PTR [bx+16 ] ; 3 ; fstp QWORD PTR [bx+24 ] ; 4 vectors length 3 in Fractint fwait ret mult_vec_iit endp ; ; IITCoPro() ; .data testdata db 0FFh,0FFh,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h .code IITCoPro proc finit fld tbyte ptr testdata fstp tbyte ptr temp fwait mov ax,word ptr temp or ax,ax ; test for 1st word of result zero mov ax,1 ; return 1 if next branch taken jz must_be_IIT ; result was zero, is IIT xor ax,ax ; return 0 must_be_IIT: ret IITCoPro endp .8086 .8087 eIIT2fService equ 0C0h ; user services: 0C0h - 0FFh ; services provided by int 2F eInstallationCheck equ 0 ; <== must be zero eSetSemaphore equ 1 eClearSemaphore equ 2 .code F4x4Check PROC FAR ; IIT F4x4 semaphore installation check inc bp push bp mov bp, sp mov ax, (eIIT2fService SHL 8) + eInstallationCheck mov bx, 'II' mov cx, 'Ts' mov dx, 'em' int 2Fh cmp ax, (eIIT2fService SHL 8) + 0FFh jne not_installed cmp bx, 'OK' jne not_installed cmp cx, ' I' jne not_installed cmp dx, 'IT' jne not_installed installed: mov ax, 1 pop bp dec bp ret not_installed: xor ax, ax pop bp dec bp ret F4x4Check ENDP F4x4Lock PROC FAR inc bp push bp mov bp, sp mov ax, (eIIT2fService SHL 8) + eSetSemaphore mov bx, 'II' mov cx, 'Ts' mov dx, 'em' int 2Fh pop bp dec bp ret F4x4Lock ENDP F4x4Free PROC FAR inc bp push bp mov bp, sp mov ax, (eIIT2fService SHL 8) + eClearSemaphore mov bx, 'II' mov cx, 'Ts' mov dx, 'em' int 2Fh pop bp dec bp ret F4x4Free ENDP END