The Walls of Fortified Quebec, R. A. Sproule from an original by A. J. Russell.
Quebec remained a main bastion of imperial defence; in fact, the chief British stronghold for inland North America. As such, its walls and fortifications were maintained and renewed during and after the American Revolution, with portals added like the St. John's Gate, built in 1791. More building occurred with the approach of the War of 1812; but the greatest fort construction came afterward in the 1820s with the erection of the massive stone citadel that still crowns Cape Diamond.
Courtesy: John Ross Robertson Collection, Metropolitan Toronto Library Board
