In this model water is gathered in a "penstock" and passed through a control gate to a turbine. The force of the falling water rotates the turbine and, thus, generates electricity. The resulting power is then passed through a transformer and on through transmission lines to the consumer. The great distance to many consumers necessitates the positioning of additional transformers at intervals. The transformer does not affect the amount of electrical energy; rather, it increases the voltage level to allow for long distance transmission.
