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Text File | 1996-07-11 | 37.5 KB | 775 lines

*mmddyyyy Birthdays *-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ B0320 Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso): Roman poet (43 B.C.) B03251133 King Henry II B03041394 Prince Henry the Navigator B03231430 Margaret of Anjou, wife of King Henry VI B03091454 Amerigo Vespucci: Italian explorer & discoverer of U.S. continent B03221459 Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor B03171473 James IV, King of Scotland B03061475 Michelangelo Buonarroti: Italian painter, sculptor & poet B03101503 Ferdinand I: Holy Roman Emperor B03051512 Gerardus Mercator: Flemish cartographer B03021545 Sir Thomas Bodley: diplomat & bibliophile B03191593 Georges de la Tour: French painter B03311596 René Descartes: French philosopher B03221599 Sir Anthony van Dyck: Flemish painter B03031606 Edmund Waller: poet B03061619 Cyrano de Bergerac: French novelist & playwright B03281660 King George I B03041678 Antonio Vivaldi: Venetian composer & violinist B03211685 Johann Sebastian Bach: German composer B03121710 Thomas Arne: composer of 'Rule Britannia' B03081714 Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach: German composer B03191721 Tobias Smollett: physician & writer B03311732 Franz Josef Haydn: Austrian composer B03131741 Joseph II: Holy Roman Emperor B03301746 Francisco de Goya: Spanish painter B03051751 James Madison: 4th president of the United States of America B03091763 William Cobbett: politician & writer B03071765 Joseph Niepce: French pioneer of photography B03151767 Andrew Jackson: 7th president of the U.S.A. B03161774 Matthew Flinders: circumnavigator of Tasmania B03011779 Gottfried Weber: German composer B03271785 Louis XVII, King of France B03101787 William Etty: painter B03161787 Georg Simon Ohm: German physicist & founder of Ohm's Law B03291790 John Tyler: 10th president of the U.S.A. B03071792 Sir John Herschel: astronomer B03171789 Edmond Kean: actor B03071802 Sir Edwin Landseer: painter B03141804 Johann Strauss the Elder: Austrian composer B03061806 Elizabeth Barrett Browning: poet B03311809 Nikolai Gogol: Russian writer & playwright B03311809 Edward Fitzgerald: Translator of the 'Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám' B03011810 Frédéric Chopin: Polish composer B03021810 Pope Leo XIII B03311811 Robert Wilhelm von Bunsen: German physicist & chemist B03191813 David Livingstone: Scottish explorer & African missionary B03281819 Sir Joseph Bazalgette: engineer & pioneer of London's sewers B03141820 Victor Emmanuel II: King of Italy B03251820 Anne Brontë: writer B03191821 Sir Richard Francis Burton: scholar & explorer B03021824 Bedrich Smetana: Czech composer B03201828 Henrik Ibsen: Norwegian playwright B03031831 George Pullman: U.S. industrialist & inventor of Pullman carriage B03121832 Captain Boycott: land agent, from whose name 'boycott' derives B03061834 George du Maurier: caricaturist & novelist B03171834 Gottfried Daimler: German automobile pioneer B03141835 Giovanni Schiaparelli: Italian astronomer B03141836 Isabella Mary Beeton: writer of household & cookery books B03181837 Stephen Grover Cleveland: 22nd & 24th president of the U.S.A. B03121838 Sir William Henry Perkin: chemist & pioneer of dyes B03211839 Modest Mussorgsky: Russian composer B03181844 Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Russian composer B03271845 Wilhelm Konrad von Röntgen: German physicist B03171846 Kate Greenaway: artist & children's book illustrator B03031847 Alexander Graham Bell: U.S. inventor of the telephone B03151849 Dame Madge Kendall: actress B03271851 Paul Marie-Théodore-Vincent d'Indy: French composer B03301853 Vincent Van Gogh: Dutch painter B03101853 Henry Fowler: Writer of 'Modern English Usage' B03141854 Paul Ehrlich: German bacteriologist B03231854 Alfred (later Lord) Milner B03131855 Percival Lowell: U.S. astronomer B03241855 Olive Schreiner: South African writer B03161856 Sir John Lavery: painter B03081858 Ruggiero Leoncavallo: Italian composer B03181858 Rudolf Diesel: German engineer & inventor B03081859 Kenneth Grahame: writer of 'Wind in the Willows' B03261859 Alfred Edward Housman: poet B03131860 Hugo Wolf: Austrian composer B03211861 Albert Chevalier: music-hall entertainer B03271863 Sir Frederick Henry Royce: motor-car designer B03151864 Leslie Stuart: composer of 'Lily of Laguna' B03251867 Arturo Toscanini: Italian conductor B03281868 Maxim Gorki: Russian writer B03031869 Henry Wood (later Sir): founder of the Promenade Concerts B03181869 Neville Chamberlain: statesman B03211869 Florence Ziegfeld: U.S. stage producer B03291869 Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens: architect B03061870 Oskar Straus: Austrian/French composer B03191872 Sergei Diaghilev: Russian founder of the ballet company B03171873 Margaret Grace Bondfield: first woman Cabinet Minister B03261873 Sir Gerald du Maurier: actor-manager B03261874 Robert Frost: U.S. poet B03071875 Joseph-Maurice Ravel: French composer B03021876 Pope Pius XII B03051879 William (later Lord) Beveridge B03141879 Albert Einstein: Scientist B03011880 Lytton Strachey: writer & biographer B03171880 Sir Patrick Hastings: lawyer & politician B03301880 Seán O'Casey: Irish writer & playwright B03071881 Ernest Bevin: Welsh statesman B03121881 Kemal Atatürk: Turkish soldier & statesman B03251881 Béla Bartók: Hungarian composer B03181882 Gian Francesco Malipiero: Italian composer B03131884 Sir Hugh Walpole: writer B03111885 Sir Malcolm Campbell: world speed record holder on land & water B03051887 Herbert Farjeon: playwright B03051887 Heitor Villa-Lobos: Brazilian composer B03261887 Chico Marx: U.S. film comedian B03271889 Margaret Irwin: writer B03091890 Vyacheslav Molotov: Russian statesman B03121890 Vaslav Nijinsky: Russian dancer B03201890 Beniamino Gigli: Italian operatic tenor B03201890 Lauritz Melchior: Danish/U.S. operatic tenor B03281891 Paul Whitman: U.S. bandleader B03091892 David Garnett: writer B03091892 Vita Sackville-West: writer B03101892 Arthur Honegger: French composer B03111892 Raoul Walsh: U.S. film director B03201892 Max Brand: U.S. writer & screenwriter B03271892 Ferde Grofé: U.S. composer B03181893 Wilfred Owen: poet B03261893 Richard Church: poet & writer B03271893 Karl Mannheim: German sociologist B03081896 Leonard Strong: writer, poet & playwright B03111897 Louis Boulanger: French painter & lithographer B03181897 Betty Compson: U.S. film actress B03111898 Dorothy Gish: actress of the silent screen B03131898 Henry Hathaway: U.S. film director B03301898 Joyce Carey: actress & writer B03181899 Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria: Russian chief of the secret police B03271899 Gloria Swanson: U.S. film actress B03021900 Kurt Weill: German/U.S. composer B03281900 Robert Harris: actor B03291902 Sir William Walton: composer B03161902 Dame Lucie Rie: potter B03171902 Bobby Jones: U.S. golfer B03281902 Dame Flora Robson: actress B03101903 Bix Beidebecke: U.S. jazz musician B03011904 Glenn Miller: U.S. bandleader B03151904 George Brent: U.S. film actor B03231904 Joan Crawford: U.S. film actress B03181905 Robert Donat: film actor B03061906 Lou Costello: U.S. actor & comedian. Partner of Bud Abbott B03111907 Jessie Matthews: actress & dancer B03191907 Dame Elizabeth Maconchy: composer B03051908 Rex Harrison (later Sir): actor B03161908 Robert Rossen: U.S. film director B03191908 Michael Rothenstein: painter B03201908 Sir Michael Redgrave: actor B03251908 Sir David Lean: film director B03081909 Claire Trevor: U.S. film actress B03011910 David Niven: film actor B03091910 Samuel Barber: U.S. composer B03281910 Queen Ingrid of Denmark B03031911 Jean Harlow: U.S. film actress B03051911 Elspeth March: actress B03111911 Sir Fitzroy Maclean: diplomat, soldier & politician B03161911 Sybille Bedford: writer B03261911 Tennessee Williams: U.S. playwright B03231911 Werner Von Braun: German/U.S. rocket engineer B03311911 Robert Hamer: film director B03271912 James Callaghan (later Lord): former British prime minister B03151913 Macdonald Carey: U.S. film actor B03221913 Karl Malden: U.S. film actor B03291913 Jack Jones: former trade union leader B03301913 Frankie Laine: U.S. popular singer B03201914 Wendell Corey: U.S. actor B03241914 Richard Conte: U.S. film actor B03271914 Richard Denning: U.S. film actor B03291914 Chapman Pincher: journalist & investigator B03101915 Sir Charles Groves: conductor B03141915 Bill Owen: actor B03201915 Sviatoslav Richter: Russian pianist B03251915 Dorothy Squires: popular singer B03291915 George Chisolm: trombonist B03111916 Harold Wilson (later Sir): former Labour prime minister B03261916 Harry Rabinowitz: conductor & composer B03011917 Robert Lowell: U.S. astronomer B03011917 Dinah Shore: U.S. popular singer B03121917 Googie Withers: actress B03131917 Sir Robert Mark: former Commissioner of Metropolitan Police B03201917 Dame Vera Lynn: singer B03221917 Paul Rogers: actor B03271917 Cyrus Vance: former U.S. Secretary of State B03031918 Peter O'Sullevan: BBC TV horse-racing commentator B03091918 Mickey Spillane: U.S. novelist B03131918 Tessie O'Shea: actress & singer B03141918 John McCallum: actor & producer B03151918 Earl Haig: painter B03171918 Mercedes McCambridge: U.S. film actress B03021919 Jennifer Jones: U.S. film actress B03171919 Nat 'King' Cole: U.S. popular singer & pianist B03031920 Ronald Searle: cartoonist B03081920 Eileen Herlie: actress B03161920 Leo McKern: actor B03241920 Gene Nelson: U.S. dancer, actor & director B03021921 Robert Simpson: composer B03081921 Cyd Charisse: U.S. dancer & film actress B03211921 Anthony Hopkins: composer & conductor B03231921 Donald Malcolm Campbell: land & water record speed holder B03251921 Queen Alexandria of Yugoslavia B03281921 Dirk Bogarde: actor & author B03061922 Frankie Howard: comedian B03121922 Jack Kerouac: U.S. writer B03021923 Cardinal Basil Hume: Archbishop of Westminster B03041923 Patrick Moore: astronomer & musician B03111923 Terence Alexander: actor B03111923 Louise Brough: tennis champion B03121923 Norbert Brainin: violinist B03221923 Marcel Marceau: French mime artist B03261923 Elizabeth Jane Howard: writer B03271923 Victor Hochauser: impresario B03081924 Alan Dell: broadcaster B03281924 Freddie Bartholomew: former child film actor B03071925 Richard Vernon: actor B03261925 Pierre Boulez: French conductor & composer B03291925 Frederick Treves: actor B03121926 Gudrun Ure: actress B03011927 Harry Belafonte: actor & popular singer B03111927 Raymond Jackson (Jak): cartoonist B03111927 Ron Todd: general secretary of the TGWU B03171927 Patrick Allen: actor B03201927 John Joubert: composer B03271927 Mstislav Rostropovich: Russian cellist & conductor B03311927 John Fowles: writer B03041928 Alan Sillitoe: playwright & novelist B03191928 Patrick McGoohan: actor B03261928 Carole Carr: popular singer B03301928 Tom Sharpe: writer & historian B03041929 Bernard Haitink: Dutch conductor B03061929 Lorin Maazel: conductor B03061929 David Shepherd: Bishop of Liverpool & former cricketer B03211929 Lord Oaksey: horse racing journalist & commentator B03231929 Sir Roger Bannister: neurologist & Master of Pembroke College, Oxford B03251929 David Hicks: interior designer B03071930 The Earl of Snowdon: photographer B03081930 Douglas Hurd: statesman B03221930 Stephen Sondheim: U.S. composer & lyricist B03241930 Steve McQueen: U.S. film actor B03301930 Rolf Harris: Australian entertainer B03021931 Mikhail Gorbachev: Russian statesman B03111931 Rupert Murdoch: newspaper magnate B03051931 Barry Tuckwell: horn player B03181931 John Fraser: actor B03221931 William Shatner: U.S. TV & film actor B03221931 Leslie Thomas: writer B03251931 Humphrey Burton: TV producer B03261931 Leonard Nimoy: U.S. TV & film actor B03291931 Lord Norman Tebbit: politician B03111932 Nigel Lawson: former Chancellor of the Exchequer B03181932 John Updike: writer B03251932 Penelope Gilliatt: writer B03141933 Michael Caine: actor B03171933 Penelope Lively: writer B03191933 Philip Roth: U.S. writer B03211933 Michael Heseltine: Tory politician B03071934 Zena Walker: actress B03091934 Yuri Gagarin: Russian astronaut B03101934 Fou Ts'ong: classical pianist B03161934 Roger Norrington: conductor B03261934 Alan Arkin: U.S. film actor B03161935 Teresa Berganza: Spanish mezzo-soprano B03211935 Brian Clough: football manager B03271935 Julian Glover: actor B03281935 Michael Parkinson: TV & radio presenter B03291935 Ruby Murray: popular singer B03311935 Shirley Jones: U.S. film actress & singer B03051936 Dean Stockwell: U.S. film actor B03061936 Jean Boht: actress B03131936 Sir Michael Checkland: director-general of the BBC B03191936 Ursula Andress: film actress B03211936 Roger Whittaker: singer & songwriter B03291936 Richard Rodney Bennett: composer B03311936 Herb Alpert: U.S. popular musician B03311936 Richard Chamberlain: U.S. film actor B03061937 Valentina Tereshkova: Russian astronaut B03171937 Galina Samsova: Russian ballet dancer B03241937 Benjamin Luxon: baritone B03171938 Rudolf Nureyev: ballet star & director B03211938 Michael Foreman: writer & illustrator B03041939 Paula Prentiss: U.S. film & TV actress B03051939 Samantha Eggar: film actress B03081939 Lynn Seymour: ballerina B03081939 Robert Tear: operatic tenor B03131939 Terence Brady: playwright, novelist & actor B03131939 Neil Sedaka: songwriter & singer B03151939 Robert Nye: novelist & poet B03311939 Sir David Steele: politician B03171939 Robin Knox-Johnston: yachtsman B03181939 Kenny Lynch: actor & singer B03201939 Brian Mulroney: former prime minister of Canada B03261939 James Caan: U.S. film actor B03021940 Jon Finch: actor B03011940 David Broome: showjumper B03161941 Bernardo Bertolucci: Italian film director B03141942 Rita Tushingham: actress B03251942 Aretha Franklin: U.S. soul singer B03271942 Michael York: actor B03281942 Neil Kinnock: Labour politician B03081943 Lynn Redgrave: actress B03091943 Bobby Fischer: U.S. chess champion B03281943 Richard Stilgoe: entertainer & musician B03291943 John Major: Current Tory Prime Minister B03301943 Sarah Badel: actress B03061944 Dame Kiri Te Kanawa: operatic soprano B03071944 Sir Ranulph Fiennes: explorer B03171944 Professor John Lill: concert pianist B03251944 Paul Michael Glaser: U.S. TV actor B03261944 Diana Ross: U.S. popular singer B03291944 John Suchet: ITV reporter & newscaster B03141945 Jasper Carrott: comedian B03241945 Patrick Malahide: actor B03301945 Eric Clapton: rock guitarist B03121946 Liza Minnelli: U.S. actress & singer B03041947 Peter Skellern: singer & composer B03191947 Glenn Close: U.S. actress B03131947 Lesley Collier: ballet dancer B03141947 Pam Ayres: poet B03241947 Alan Sugar: Chairman of the Amstrad Company B03251947 Elton John: singer, songwriter & pianist B03021948 Dame Naomi James: yachtswoman B03081948 Gyles Brandreth: broadcaster & M.P. B03221948 Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber: composer B03151949 John Duttine: actor B03261948 Kyung-wha Chung: Korean classical violinist B03171949 Patrick Duffy: U.S. TV actor B03181949 Alex 'Hurricane' Higgins: Irish snooker player B03211949 Alvin Kallicharran: cricketer B03131950 Joe Bugner: heavyweight boxing champion B03181950 James Conlon: conductor B03221950 Mary Tamm: actress B03271950 Maria Ewing: opera singer B03011951 Mike Read: pop music presenter B03041951 Kenny Dalglish: footballer/manager B03161951 Kate Nelligan: actress B03071952 Viv Richards: West Indian cricketer B03091952 Bill Beaumont: former English Rugby Union captain, now commentator B03181952 Pat Eddery: jockey B03171954 Lesley-Anne Down: actress B03141956 Tessa Sanderson: javelin thrower B03021958 Ian Woosnam: golfer B03031958 Miranda Richardson: actress B03071960 Ivan Lendl: tennis player B03211960 Ayrton Senna: Brazilian racing driver B03231960 Barry Cryer: writer & comedian B03101964 HRH Prince Edward B03011980 Lady Rose Windsor *mmddyyyy Events *-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ S03251306 Robert the Bruce was crowned King of Scots at Scone, Perthshire S03171337 The Duchy of Cornwall was created S03051397 The foundation of New College, Oxford S03131470 The Yorkists defeated the Lancastrians at the Battle of Stamford S03151493 Columbus returned to Spain after first voyage to America S03011498 Mozambique was discovered by Vasco da Gama S03251584 Sir Walter Raleigh was granted a patent to exploit Virginia S03141590 Henry IV defeated the League at Battle of Ivry-la-Bataille S03201602 The Dutch East India Company was founded S03241603 The union of English & Scottish Crowns S03121609 The Bermuda Islands became an English colony S03251609 Henry Hudson sailed in a quest to find the North West Passage S03171649 Oliver Cromwell declared England to be a Commonwealth & abolished S03171649Cthe position of King S03161660 The Long Parliament of England which sat for 20 years was dissolved S03261674 The Theatre Royal, Drury Lane (second theatre) opened S03111682 The Chelsea Hospital, for old soldiers, was founded S03081702 Queen Anne acceded to the British throne S03011711 'The Spectator' was first published S03231765 The Stamp Act introduced S03271766 Oliver Goldsmith's 'Vicar of Wakefield' was published S03171776 George Washington forced British troops to withdraw from Boston S03261780 The 'British Gazette & Sunday Monitor', the first Sunday newspaper S03261780Cwas published S03131781 The planet Uranus was discovered by Sir William Herschel S03041791 Vermont became the 14th of the United States of America S03271794 The U.S. navy was formed S03091796 Napoleon Bonaparte married Josephine de Beauharnais S03081801 The British Army captured Aboukir S03021801 The 'War of Oranges' started between Spain & Portugal S03161802 The U.S. Military Academy was established at West Point S03011803 Ohio became the 17th of the United States of America S03201806 The foundation stone of Dartmoor Prison was laid. S03201819 The Burlington Arcade in Piccadilly, London was opened S03151820 Maine became the 23rd of the United States of America S03021825 Work began on the Thames Tunnel S03011845 Texas was annexed by the United States of America S03301856 The Crimean War ended S03031861 Serfdom was abolished in Russia S03021865 'The Morning Chronicle' newspaper was first published S03011867 Nebraska became the 37th of the United States of America S03041789 United States Constitution in force S03281800 The Act of Union with England was passed by the Irish Parliament S03101801 The first British Census began S03301806 Joseph Bonaparte was made King of Naples S03251807 British parliament abolished the slave trade S03201815 Napoleon's 'Hundred Days' began S03041824 The Royal National Lifeboat Institution was founded S03221824 The National Gallery in London was founded S03181834 In Tolpuddle, Dorset, six farm labourers were sentenced to be S03181834Ctransported for forming a trade union S03061836 The Battle of the Alamo ended S03071838 Jenny Lind, the 'Swedish Nightingale', made her debut S03251843 Rotherhithe pedestrian tunnel beneath the Thames was opened S03031845 Florida became the 27th of the United States of America S03181850 The American Express Company was organized at Buffalo, New York S03111851 The first performance of Verdi's opera 'Rigoletto' in Venice S03201851 Marble Arch was moved from Buckingham Palace to its present site S03201852 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' by Harriet Beecher Stowe was first published S03061853 Verdi's opera 'La Traviata' was first performed in Venice S03281854 Britain declared war on Russia (the Crimean War) S03051856 Covent Garden Theatre, in London, was destroyed by fire S03191859 Gounod's opera 'Faust' was first performed in Paris S03211859 In Edinburgh, the Scottish National Gallery was opened S03231861 The first trams in London began operating at Bayswater S03141864 Lake Albert, Africa, was discovered & named by Sir Samuel Butler S03291871 The Royal Albert Hall was opened by Queen Victoria S03161872 The first F.A. Cup Final took place at Kennington Oval S03031875 Bizet's opera 'Carmen' was first performed in Paris S03251875 Gilbert & Sullivan's operetta 'Trial by Jury' first performed in S03251875CLondon S03071876 Alexander Graham Bell's telephone patented S03111876 First telephone call made by Alexander Graham Bell S03151876 The first 11-a-side cricket test match played at Sydney S03241877 The University Boat Race ended in a dead heat S03281878 Electric lighting was installed in the Houses of Parliament S03291879 Tchaikovsky's opera 'Eugène Onegin' first performed in Moscow S03141885 The first production of 'The Mikado', by Gilbert & Sullivan, was S03141885Cperformed at the Savoy Theatre S03261886 The first cremation in England took place at Woking, Surrey S03221888 The English Football League was founded S03041890 The Forth Bridge was officially opened S03141891 The first submarine telephone cable was laid across the English S03141891CChannel S03181891 The telephone link between London & Paris was opened S03221895 The Lumière brothers demonstrated motion pictures on celluloid film S03251895 Italy invaded Abyssinia (Ethiopia) S03251896 The first gold medal of the modern Olympic Games was presented S03121904 The first main line electric train ran from Liverpool to Stockport S03291904 Richmond Park, near London, was opened to the public S03101906 The Bakerloo Line on London's underground was opened S03151909 Selfridges department store opened in London S03091912 King George V laid the foundation stone of London County Hall S03041913 Woodrow Wilson was inaugurated as 28th president of U.S.A. S03121913 The foundation stone of the Australian capital Canberra was laid S03091915 The Defence of the Realm Act was passed by parliament S03121917 Russian revolution began S03151917 Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia, abdicated S03211917 The Tsar & Tsarina of Russia were arrested by revolutionaries S03091918 Russia's capital city was now Petrograd (Leningrad), not Moscow S03231918 Lithuania proclaimed her independence S03041919 Comintern formed in Russia S03111918 The first London performance of the musical 'No, No, Nanette' S03211918 The second Battle of the Somme began S03231918 The large German gun 'Big Bertha' shelled Paris from 75 miles away S03221919 The first international airline service began between Paris & Brussels S03241920 A Royal Commission on decimal coinage advised against change S03281920 The marriage in Hollywood of Douglas Fairbanks & Mary Pickford S03211922 The rebuilt Waterloo Station was opened S03141925 The first trans-Atlantic broadcast was made S03201925 The musical 'Rose-Marie' was first performed in London S03061926 The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre at Stratford was destroyed by fire S03071926 The radio-telephone was established between New York & London S03161926 In the U.S.A. Dr. Robert Goddard demonstrated practibility of rockets S03261927 The Gaumont-British Film Corporation was founded S03061930 Frozen food was first marketed by the Birdseye company S03181930 The planet Pluto was discovered by U.S. astronomer Clyde Tombaugh S03281930 Constantinople, Turkey, was renamed Istanbul S03281930 Angora, Turkey, was renamed Ankara S03031931 U.S. Congress adopted the 'Star-Spangled Banner' as the S03031931Cnational anthem S03091932 Eamon de Valera became president of the Irish Free State S03011932 The son of Charles Lindbergh, U.S. aviator, was kidnapped S03191932 Sydney Harbour Bridge was officially opened S03201933 The Nazis opened their first concentration camp at Dachau S03231933 Adolf Hitler became Nazi dictator of Germany S03111935 The Luftwaffe, the German air force, was created S03201935 The British Council was established S03221935 The world's first high-definition TV service was started in Berlin S03111938 German troops enter Austria S03131938 Austria was proclaimed to be part of the German Reich S03151939 The German army invaded Bohemia & Czechoslavakia S03211939 Hitler seized the city of Memel from Lithuania S03231939 The musical 'The Dancing Years' was first staged in London S03281939 The Spanish Civil War ended after Madrid surrendered to Franco S03111940 Meat rationing began in Britain S03181940 Hitler & Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass S03071942 British forces withdrew from Rangoon, Burma S03101942 Rangoon, Burma, fell to the Japanese forces S03241942 The national loaf was introduced into Britain S03281942 British commandos raided the French port of St. Nazaire S03061944 The U.S. Air Force began daylight bombing raids on Berlin S03171944 Vienna was bombed by U.S. aircraft S03021945 The British 14th Army entered Mandalay, in Burma S03081945 The first London production of the musical 'Kiss Me Kate' S03171945 The U.S. army defeated the Japanese at Battle of Iwo Jima S03201945 Mandalay was recaptured from the Japanese by British forces S03281945 The last German V2 rocket fell on Britain S03291945 The last German flying bomb (doodlebug) fell on Britain S03051946 Winston Churchill's 'Iron Curtain' speech at Fulton, Missouri S03221946 Jordan became independent S03021949 A United States airforce crew completed the first round-the-world S03021949Cflight in 94 hours S03211953 The Sudan became independent S03131954 The Battle of Dien Bien Phu began in Indonesia S03091956 Archbishop Makarios was deported from Cyprus to the Seychelles S03101956 Test pilot Peter Twiss was the first man to fly at more than 1000 MPH S03061957 Ghana, formerly the Gold Coast, became independent S03251957 The European Community was established when Treaty of Rome was signed S03171958 'Vanguard I' spacecraft was launched at Cape Canaveral S03211958 The London Planetarium opened in Baker Street S03091961 The U.S.S.R. launched 'Sputnik 9' with Laika, the dog, on board S03141961 A new translation of the New Testament was published in London S03161961 A new translation of the Old Testament was published in London S03211963 The musical 'Half a Sixpence' was first performed in London S03271964 A United Nations Peace Force took over in Cyprus S03271964 Severe earthquakes & tidal waves on the U.S. Pacific coast S03281964 The pirate radio station 'Radio Caroline' started broadcasting S03181965 The first walk in space from Soviet spaceship 'Voskhod 2' was S03181965Cmade by Alexei Leonov S03011966 The Soviet spacecraft 'Venus 3' landed on the planet Venus S03301966 The U.S. Embassy in Saigon, Vietnam was blown up by the Vietcong S03041967 North Sea gas was first piped ashore S03181967 700,000 barrels of oil were spilled into the sea when the S03181967C'Torrey Canyon' oil tanker grounded off Cornwall S03121968 Mauritius became independent S03021969 The French prototype of 'Concorde' made its first test flight S03031969 The 'Apollo 9' spacecraft was launched from Cape Kennedy S03071969 The Victoria undergound line, in London, was opened by the Queen S03191969 British parachute troops took over the Caribbean island of Anguilla S03021970 Rhodesia was proclaimed a republic S03191970 The 1,260 foot TV mast at Emley Moor, in Yorkshire blew down S03241970 The unigue British Guiana 1 cent postage stamp was sold for £116,000 S03231971 Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan, became independent S03161973 The new London Bridge was opened S03261973 For the first time, women were allowed on the floor of the S03261973CLondon Stock Exchange S03291973 The last U.S. troops left Vietnam S03031974 346 people lost their lives when a Turkish DC-10 aircraft S03031974Ccrashed after take-off from Paris S03041974 Edward Heath resigned as prime minister of the Tory Party S03041974 Harold Wilson became prime minister of the Labour Party S03291974 The first close-up pictures of Mercury were taken by the U.S. S03291974Cspacecraft 'Mariner 10' S03241976 President Isabel Perón of Argentina was deposed S03071977 £850,000 of diamonds & currency was stolen from Heathrow Airport S03271977 At Tenerife, Canary Islands, a Pan Am jumbo jet collided on take-off S03271977Cwith a KLM jumbo jet on the runway, killing 583 people S03171978 The 'Amoco Cadiz' oil tanker ran aground on the Brittany coast S03161978 Soviet cosmonauts completed an orbit of 35 million miles S03301981 Attempted assassination of President Reagan in Washington, D.C. S03211990 Namibia, formerly South West Africa, became independent S03031991 Estonia & Latvia voted to secede from the Soviet Union *mmddyyyy Deaths *-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ D0315 Julius Caesar assassinated: (44 B.C.) D03160037 Tiberius Claudius Nero: Roman emperor D03120604 Saint Gregory I: pope D03170180 Marcus Aurelius: Roman emperor D03180978 St. Edward the Martyr, King of the English, murdered D03171040 Harold Harefoot: King of England D03041193 Saladin: Sultan of Egypt & Syria D03271378 Pope Gregory XI D03201413 King Henry IV D03041470 Sir Thomas Malory: writer D03121507 Cesare Borgia: Italian cardinal, soldier & politician was killed D03051534 Antonio Allegri da Correggio: Italian painter D03211556 Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury was burned at the stake D03091566 David Rizzio: secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots, was murdered D03181584 Ivan IV ('The Terrible'): Tsar of Russia D03241603 Queen Elizabeth I D03271615 Marguerite de Valois: Queen of Navarre D03011620 Thomas Campion: composer & poet D03271625 King James VI of Scotland/James I of Great Britain D03221639 Thomas Carew: poet D03151673 Salvator Rosa: Italian painter D03191683 Thomas Killigrew: playwright D03221687 Jean-Baptiste Lully: French composer D03081702 King William III D03031703 Robert Hooke: physicist D03081717 Abraham Darby: ironfounder D03071724 Pope Innocent XIII D03261726 Sir John Vanbrugh: playwright & architect D03201727 Sir Isaac Newton: scientist D03161736 Giovanni Battista Pergolesi: Italian composer D03171741 Jean-Baptiste Rousseau: French playwright D03181745 Sir Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford D03141757 Admiral John Byng: executed for neglect of duty D03281760 Peg Woffington: Irish actress D03181768 Laurence Sterne: clergyman & writer D03271770 Giovanni Battista Tiepolo: Venetian painter D03291772 Emanuel Swedenborg: Swedish scientist & philosopher D03241776 John Harrison: horologist & inventor of marine chronometer D03051778 Thomas Arne: composer D03171782 Daniel Bernouilli: Swiss mathematician D03291788 Charles Wesley: writer of hymns D03051790 Flora Macdonald: heroine of the Jacobites D03021791 John Wesley: founder of Methodism D03011792 Leopold II: Holy Roman Emperor D03031792 Robert Adam: architect D03161792 Gustavus III, King of Sweden was assassinated D03021797 Horace Walpole: novelist & historian D03111801 Paul I, Tzar of Russia, was assassinated D03251809 Anna Seward: poet & writer D03111820 Sir Alexander Mackenzie: explorer D03261827 Ludwig van Beethoven: German composer D03051827 Count Alessandro Volta: Italian physicist D03101832 Muzio Clementi: Italian pianist & composer D03221832 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: German writer D03021835 Francis II: Emperor of Austria & last Holy Roman Emperor D03061836 Davy Crockett: U.S. frontiersman, killed at the Alamo D03251836 Nicholas Hawksmoor: poet D03311837 John Constable: painter D03291837 Maria Anne Fitzherbert: mistress of King George IV D03211839 George Engleheart: miniature painter D03301840 George 'Beau' Brummel: dandy & leader of fashion D03231842 Stendahl (Marie-Henri Beyle): French writer D03211843 Robert Southey: poet D03081844 Charles XIV: King of Sweden D03291848 John Jacob Astor: fur trader D03041852 Nikolai Gogol: Russian playwright & novelist D03171853 Christian Johann Doppler: Austrian physicist D03311855 Charlotte Brontë: writer D03021855 Nicholas I: Tzar of Russia D03161864 Robert Surtees: novelist D03291866 John Keble: theologian D03071867 Louis Boulanger: French painter & lithographer D03081869 Hector Berlioz: French composer D03171871 Robert Chambers: publisher & writer D03081874 Millard Fillmore: 13th president of the U.S.A. D03271878 Sir George Gilbert Scott: architect D03131881 Tsar Alexander II of Russia assassinated D03281881 Modest Mussorgsky: Russian composer D03241882 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: U.S. poet D03141883 Karl Marx: German political philosopher D03061888 Louisa May Alcott: U.S. novelist D03091888 Wilhelm I: former Emperor of Germany D03151891 Sir Joseph Bazalgette: pioneer designer of London's sewers D03291891 Georges-Pierre Seurat: French impressionist painter D03261892 Walt Whitman: U.S. poet & essayist D03151898 Sir Henry Bessemer: inventor of the blast furnace D03161898 Aubrey Beardsley: artist & illustrator D03061900 Gottlieb Daimler: German pioneer of the motor car D03131901 Benjamin Harrison: 23rd president of the U.S.A. D03241901 Charlotte Mary Yonge: writer D03261902 Cecil John Rhodes: financier & statesman D03241905 Jules Verne: French writer D03241909 John Synge: Irish playwright D03171912 Captain Lawrence Oates: a member of Scott's Antarctic expedition D03291912 Robert Falcon Scott: Arctic explorer D03181913 George I, King of the Hellenes was assassinated D03121914 George Westinghouse: U.S. inventor D03241916 Enrique Granados: Spanish composer, was lost at sea D03081917 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin: German airship designer D03251918 Claude Debussy: French composer D03271918 Henry Brook Adams: U.S. historian D03221921 Ernest William Hornung: writer D03261923 Sarah Bernhardt: French actress D03271923 Sir James Dewar: physicist & inventor of the vacuum flask D03291924 Sir Charles Villiers Stanford: composer D03121925 Sun Yat-sen: Chinese leader D03201929 Ferdinand Foch: Marshal of France D03021930 D.H. Lawrence: writer ('Lawrence of Arabia') D03061930 Alfred von Tirpitz: German naval commander & statesman D03081930 William Taft: 27th president of the U.S.A. D03191930 Arthur James Balfour: 1st Earl, statesman D03271931 Enoch Arnold Bennett: writer D03061932 John Philip Sousa: U.S. bandmaster & composer D03141932 George Eastman: U.S. photographic pioneer D03101934 F. Anstey: humorist & playwright D03211936 Alexander Glazunov: Russian composer D03161937 Sir Joseph Chamberlain: statesman D03251937 John Drinkwater: poet & playwright D03021939 Howard Carter: painter & Egyptologist D03281941 Virginia Woolf: writer & critic D03121942 Sir Wiliam Bragg: scientist D03281943 Sergei Rachmaninov: Russian composer D03241944 General Orde Wingate was killed in an air crash D03281944 Stephen Leacock: Canadian humorist & writer D03261945 David Lloyd George: statesman D03201946 Henry Handel Richardson (Ethel Florence Richardson): writer D03131947 Angela Brazil: girls' school-story writer D03191950 Edgar Rice Burroughs: writer & creator of 'Tarzan' D03061951 David Ivor Novello: composer & playwright D03051953 Iosif (Joseph) Stalin: Russian statesman D03051953 Sergei Prokofiev: Russian composer D03071953 Herman Mankiewicz: U.S. screenwriter D03241953 Queen Mary, wife of George V D03031954 Noel Gay: composer & pianist D03111955 Sir Alexander Fleming: bacteriologist & discoverer of penicillin D03181955 William De Mille: U.S. film & theatre producer D03181956 Louis Bromfield: U.S. writer D03071957 Percy Wyndham Lewis: writer & artist D03201957 Charles Ogden: linguist & inventor of Basic English D03261957 Max Ophüls: German film director D03291957 Joyce Cary: writer D03221958 Michael Todd: U.S. film producer D03281958 W.C. Handy: U.S. blues composer D03031959 Lou Costello: U.S. film actor & comedian. Partner of Bud Abbott D03261959 Raymond Chandler: U.S. writer & scriptwriter D03061961 George Formby: singer & comedian D03081961 Sir Thomas Beecham: conductor D03241962 Auguste Piccard: Swiss deep-sea explorer D03161963 Lord William Beveridge: pioneer of social security in Britain D03061964 King Paul I of the Hellenes D03201964 Brendan Behan: Irish writer D03231964 Peter Lorre: Hungarian born U.S. film actor D03061965 Herbert Morrison: statesman D03181965 Farouk I: ex-King of Egypt D03061967 Zoltán Kodály: Hungarian composer D03151968 Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco: Italian composer D03271968 Yuri Gagarin: Russian cosmonaut, was killed in aircraft accident D03281969 Dwight Eisenhower: U.S. general & former president D03111970 Erle Stanley Gardner: Writer & creator of 'Perry Mason' D03291970 Vera Brittain: writer D03061971 Pearl Buck: U.S. Novelist D03071971 Florence (Stevie) Smith: poet D03291971 Raymond Postgate: historian & writer D03291972 J. Arthur Rank: cinema magnate D03181973 Lauritz Melchior: Danish/U.S. operatic tenor D03261973 Sir Noël Coward: writer, composer & performer D03281974 Dorothy Fields: U.S. lyricist D03151975 Aristotle Onassis: Greek ship-owner D03251975 King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was assassinated D03141976 Busby Berkeley: U.S. choreographer D03241976 Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery of Alamein D03091979 Barbara Mullen: U.S.-born actress D03161979 Léonide Massine: Russian choreographer D03221979 Ben Lyon: U.S. actor, entertainer & producer D03241979 Yvonne Mitchell: actress & novelist D03301979 Airey Neave: M.P., barrister & author killed by the IRA D03251980 Walter Susskind: conductor & pianist D03291980 Annunzio Mantovani: musician D03131981 Robert Maugham: writer D03231981 Field Marshal Sir Claude Auchinleck D03231981 Mike Hailwood: motor-cycle champion D03081982 Richard (RAB) Butler: statesman D03191982 Alan Badel: actor D03211982 Harry H. Corbett: actor who found fame in 'Steptoe & Son' D03061983 Donald Maclean: former British diplomat & Soviet agent D03081983 Sir William Walton: composer D03151983 Dame Rebecca West: writer D03011984 Jackie Coogan: U.S. film actor D03051984 Tito Gobbi: Italian classical singer D03051984 William Powell: U.S. film actor D03061984 Henry Wilcoxon: film actor D03091984 Imogen Holst: musician D03121984 Arnold Ridley: playwright & actor. Private Godfrey in 'Dad's Army' D03211985 Sir Michael Redgrave: actor D03231985 Dr. Richard Beeching: reorganiser of British Rail D03281985 Marc Chagall: Russian/French painter D03101986 Ray Milland: U.S./U.K. film actor D03011986 Tommy Farr: boxer D03141986 Sir Huw Wheldon: TV broadcaster & administrator D03301986 James Cagney: U.S. film actor D03021987 Randolph Scott: U.S. film actor D03021987 Joan Greenwood: actress D03031987 Danny Kaye: U.S. film actor & entertainer D03261987 Walter Abel: U.S. film actor D03211987 Robert Preston: U.S. film actor D03251990 A.J.P. Taylor: historian D03291992 Paul Henreid: U.S. film actor D03081993 Billy Eckstine: U.S. popular singer D03091993 Cecil Nothcote Parkinson: inventor of 'Parkinson's Law' D03091993 Bob Crosby: U.S. bandleader D03171993 Helen Hayes: U.S. actress D03181994 Mai Zetterling: Swedish actress D03091996 George Burns: American comedian, aged 100 D03261996 John Snagge: BBC commentator, aged 91