home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
- __________________
-
- Creator user guide
- __________________
-
-
- User, please note
- =================
-
- Creator is Shareware. It is not free software. You may freely use this
- program for a single 30 day trial period. After this trial period, you must
- decide whether or not you want to continue to use the program. If you don't,
- you must stop using the program and delete your copy. If you do, you must
- register your copy of the program with the author, paying a small
- registration fee. Refer to 'Registering' for details.
-
- Please respect the rules of Shareware. Shareware programs like Creator have
- cost an awful lot of time and effort to build, will serve you well, and will
- cost you very little. If you register the Shareware you use, you will ensure
- that Shareware authors will continue to improve the software you use, and
- write exciting new Shareware software. If you don't register the Shareware
- you use, you are stealing money from Shareware authors, and they will stop
- writing Shareware, and start writing much more expensive commercial software
- instead.
-
- Copyright notice
- ================
-
- The copyright (c) of this program belongs to John Kortink. All rights are
- reserved.
-
- You may not change this program (except for documented configuration
- changes). You may not use any part of this program in any other program or
- product without my written approval. You may spread this program freely, but
- only in complete and unchanged form, and only against bare distribution costs
- (if any). This program is provided 'as is'. No fitness of this program for
- any particular purpose is implied. Using this program is entirely at your own
- risk.
-
-
- //
- //
- // Introduction
- //
- //
-
- Creator is a pixel image format convertor. It can perform direct conversions
- between a large number of image formats and image subformats. Whenever a
- reduction of colour resolution is required, Creator employs sophisticated
- algorithms to preserve as much as possible of the image contents.
-
- Creator is extremely fast. All code, except for the WIMP interface and the
- JPEG and PNG conversion code, has been written in 100%, carefully optimized
- ARM assembly code.
-
-
- //
- //
- // Using Creator
- //
- //
-
- On Creator's iconbar menu the usual 'Info' and 'Quit' icons can be found. In
- addition, 'Control' gives access to the 'Creator control' window (click on
- 'Control' to make the window permanent), and 'Status' gives access to the
- 'Status' menu. Both the 'Creator control' window and the 'Status' menu are
- described below.
-
- Dragging an image file to Creator's icon will initiate a conversion. If
- Creator recognizes the format of the image file, the 'Creator image' window
- will appear. The 'Creator image' window is described below.
-
-
- //
- //
- // The 'Creator image' window
- //
- //
-
- In this window, you will find two parts, called 'Input image' and 'Output
- image'.
-
- The 'Input image' part refers to the image file you dragged to the Creator
- icon bar, and shows details of the input image. In addition :
-
- - 'Options', for some image formats, allows you to specify 'load options',
- which (mostly subtly) influence the way your input image is interpreted.
- Refer to 'Supported image formats (detailed)' for information on specific
- load options.
-
- The 'Output image' part refers to the image file you are going to save, and
- allows you to specify the format of the output image. The choices that are
- available represent all possible conversions that Creator is capable of,
- given the format of the input image, as follows :
-
- - 'Format' allows you to choose the image format.
- - 'Colours' allows you to choose the number of colours used. If the writable
- field is not shaded, you may also specify the precise maximum number of
- colours to be used.
- - 'Compression' allows you to choose the compression method used.
- - 'Options', for some image formats, allows you to specify 'save options',
- which (mostly subtly) influence the way your output image is saved. Refer
- to 'Supported image formats (detailed)' for information on specific save
- options.
-
- The 'Colours' field deserves some further explanation. This is displayed as
- 'x bit r:g:b type', where 'x' is the number of bits per pixel (referred to
- below as 'bpp'), 'r', 'g', and 'b' are the number of bits of accuracy in a
- pixel colour of red, green, and blue respectively, and 'type' is the pixel
- colour type. There are essentially two pixel colour types :
-
- - The 'palette' or 'grey' type indicates that pixel values are not pixel
- colours themselves but indices into a pixel colour lookup table (called a
- 'palette'). The 'grey' pixel type also indicates that all palette colours
- are greys.
- - The 'true' pixel type indicates that pixel values directly represent pixel
- colours. Therefore, 'x' is always the addition of 'r', 'g' and 'b'.
-
- Conversions may or may not need colour quantization, colour dithering and/or
- colour remapping algorithms to be applied. Creator applies the required
- algorithms automatically.
-
- Colour quantization is used whenever a 'superset' of colours (used in the
- input image) needs to be reduced to a smaller 'subset' of colours (to be used
- in the output image). The colour quantization algorithm calculates the subset
- of colours that best represents the superset of colours, taking into account
- the number of times each colour from the superset appears in the input image.
- Colour quantization is only used for palette colour output images. The colour
- quantization algorithm used in Creator is known as Heckbert 'median cut'.
-
- Colour dithering is used when the number of colours in the output image is
- less than that in the input image, or when any of the number of bits per
- r/g/b in the output image colours is less than that in the input image
- colours, or when the output palette is fixed. In all these cases, some or all
- of the input image colours do not have an exactly matching colour in the
- output image, and so, for these colours, the 'closest' output image colours
- need to be chosen. For a given pixel, the colour dithering algorithm
- 'diffuses' the errors made by this approximation to neighboring pixels. This
- effectively 'smears out' the approximation errors over the rest of the image,
- which makes the errors much less visible to the human eye. The colour
- dithering algorithm used in Creator is a 'zizag' variant of Floyd-Steinberg.
-
- Colour remapping is used whenever the colour quantization algorithm is used,
- and it finds that the number of different colours actually used in the input
- image is less than or equal to the number of available output image colours.
- In this case, the output image palette simply consists of all actually used
- input image colours, and all that is needed is 'remapping' of the input image
- colours to their respective output image colours. An exact copy of the input
- image results. For example, it is not uncommon to encounter 24 bpp 'true
- colour' image files in which only 256 colours (or even less) are actually
- used. This can happen if someone, somewhere, sometime, for whatever dim
- reason, has 'promoted' an 8 bpp palette colour image to 'true colour'. In
- these cases, Creator can exactly recreate the original palette colour image.
-
- Creator does the right thing if the output palette turns out to be all grey
- (which usually only happens when the output format requires a fixed grey
- palette, e.g. PBMPlus 8 bpp or JPEG 8 bpp). In this situation, the colour
- dithering algorithm used is unsuitable if the input image is in colour,
- because colours are impossible to approximate well with just grey values,
- resulting in a bad quality output image. In this case, a special 'grey only'
- dithering algorithm is used instead, which gives perfect results. The
- 'Dithering' setting (see elsewhere) has no effect if this algorithm is used.
-
- After making all your choices, you can enter a filename in the 'Filename'
- field and drag the filetype icon to save the output image.
-
-
- //
- //
- // The 'Creator control' window
- //
- //
-
- In this window, you will find two parts, called 'Quantization' and
- 'Dithering'.
-
- The 'Quantization' part allows you to select the accuracy with which colour
- frequencies are determined during colour quantization. A higher number of
- bits for 'Red', 'Green' or 'Blue' will increase the accuracy with which the
- corresponding primary colour is handled. Note however that selecting more
- than the default of 5 bits per primary colour results in only very marginal
- and mostly unnoticable differences in image quality. Also note that selecting
- less than 5 bits is not really recommended except for the entertainment value
- that the resulting images provide. Also note that memory requirements double
- with every bit added to the total number of bits. The default setting of 5
- bits per primary colour (15 bits total) needs around 128k of memory.
-
- The 'Dithering' part allows you to select the accuracy of the colour mapping
- tables used during colour dithering. Similar comments as for the
- 'Quantization' setting apply, and the default setting of 5 bits per primary
- colour also needs around 128k of memory.
-
-
- //
- //
- // The 'Status' menu
- //
- //
-
- In this menu you can manipulate Creator's 'status', which consists of a
- number of configuration settings.
-
- - 'Save' will save the current status.
- - 'Load' will load the saved status.
- - 'Default' will load the default status.
- - 'Kill' will remove the saved status.
-
- When Creator starts up it loads the saved status, or the default status if
- there is no saved status.
-
- The status consists of the 'Quantization' and 'Dithering' settings.
-
-
- //
- //
- // Supported image formats (overview)
- //
- //
-
- Creator can read the following image formats (in alphabetical order) :
-
- - AIM
- - CadSoft
- - Clear
- - Degas
- - GIF
- - IFF
- - IMG
- - Irlam
- - JPEG
- - MacPaint
- - MTV
- - PBMPlus
- - PCX
- - Pineapple
- - PNG
- - QRT
- - Sprite
- - TIFF
-
- Creator can write the following image formats (in alphabetical order) :
-
- - Clear
- - GIF
- - JPEG
- - PBMPlus
- - PNG
- - Sprite
- - TIFF
-
-
- //
- //
- // Supported image formats (detailed)
- //
- //
-
- Following are brief details of all supported image formats.
-
- Image format interpreters are usually very complete, but may, in some cases,
- lack support for some subformats. All image interpreters have at least been
- tested successfully on all sample images I could find, and have been verified
- as well as possible against documentation available to me. Generally, if
- Creator encounters formats or subformats that cannot be recognized or are not
- supported, it will give up gracefully and provide an indication of why it has
- failed.
-
- AIM
- ===
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. !AIM (Archimedes Image Manager) program.
- - Colours
- 8 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &004
- - Miscellaneous
- Resolution is always 256 x 256 pixels.
-
- CadSoft
- =======
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. Millipede Prisma display board.
- - Colours
- 8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- - Compression
- none
- runlength
- - Recognition
- filetype &69A
- 'MILLIPEDE' at offset &10
-
- Clear
- =====
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. !Translator program and several hardware vendors' programs.
- - Colours
- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &690
-
- Degas
- =====
- - Origin
- Atari machines. Degas and other programs.
- - Colours
- 1,2,4 bpp 3:3:3 palette colour
- - Compression
- none
- runlength
- - Recognition
- filetype &691
-
- GIF
- ===
- - Origin
- Various machines. Graphics Interchange Format, devised by and copyright of
- Compuserve Incorporated.
- - Colours
- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- - Compression
- 12-bit LZW
- - Recognition
- filetype &695
- 'GIF87a' or 'GIF89a' at offset &0
- - Miscellaneous
- When reading, any GIF89a extensions are skipped and ignored. When writing,
- GIF87a format is always used.
- - Save options
- 'Interlace' defines whether or not an interlaced image is saved. 'Interlace
- = Yes' will save an interlaced image, 'Interlace = No' won't.
-
- IFF
- ===
- - Origin
- Various machines. Interchange Format File, devised by Electronic Arts.
- - Colours
- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 bpp 4:4:4 palette colour
- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- 12 bpp 4:4:4 true colour
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- runlength
- - Recognition
- filetype &693
- 'FORM' at offset &0 and 'ILBM' at offset &8
-
- IMG
- ===
- - Origin
- Atari and IBM compatible machines. Digital Research GEM programs.
- - Colours
- 1 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- - Compression
- various methods
- - Recognition
- filetype &692
-
- Irlam
- =====
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. Irlam video digitiser.
- - Colours
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &69B
- 'Irlam' at offset &0
-
- JPEG
- ====
- - Origin
- Various machines. Joint Photographic Expert Group, the actual format is
- called JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), devised by C-Cube Microsystems.
- - Colours
- 8 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- Baseline JPEG
- - Recognition
- filetype &C85
- &FF, &D8 at offset &0
- - Load options
- 'Float DCT = No' uses 'fast' integer DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) code.
- 'Float DCT = Yes' uses slightly more accurate but 'slow' floating point DCT
- code. In practice, both option settings nearly always result in the same
- image quality.
- - Save options
- 'Quality = xx', where xx = 0..100, sets the quality level. 100 is best
- quality, lowest compression. 0 is worst quality, highest compression.
- 'Optimize' switches on/off compression optimization (switching it on
- results in somewhat smaller files but also uses more processing time).
- 'Optimize = Yes' switches on compression optimization. 'Optimize = No'
- switches it off.
- - Miscellaneous
- - Processing code is in C. Acknowledgements :
- - Compiled with GCC for RISC OS release 1.0.7, (c) 1996 Nick Burrett.
- - Linked with UnixLib 3.7b, maintained by Simon Callan.
- - Uses IJG JPEG library 6a (07 Feb 1996), (c) 1991-1996 Thomas G. Lane
- I am required to state that 'This work is based in part on the work of
- the Independent JPEG Group'.
-
- MacPaint
- ========
- - Origin
- Apple MacIntosh machines. MacPaint program.
- - Colours
- 1 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- - Compression
- runlength
- - Recognition
- filetype &694
- 'PNTG' at offset &41
- - Miscellaneous
- Resolution is always 576 x 720 pixels.
-
- MTV
- ===
- - Origin
- Various machines. MTV ray tracer.
- - Colours
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &699
-
- PBMPlus
- =======
- - Origin
- Unix machines. Portable Bit Map set of conversion programs, devised by Jef
- Poskanzer.
- - Colours
- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &69E
- 'Px' at offset &0, where x = 1,2,3,4,5,6
- - Miscellaneous
- Cannot save 2..7 bpp 8:8:8 grey.
-
- PCX
- ===
- - Origin
- IBM compatible machines. ZSoft PC Paintbrush program.
- - Colours
- 1,2,4,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- - Compression
- none
- runlength
- - Recognition
- filetype &697
-
- Pineapple
- =========
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. Pineapple Software video digitiser.
- - Colours
- 16 bpp 5:6:5 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &696
- 'FSIfile' at offset &0
- - Miscellaneous
- Resolution is always 512 x 256 pixels.
-
- PNG
- ===
- - Origin
- Various machines. Portable Network Graphics format, initially designed to
- impove on and fully replace GIF, since GIF's compression algorithm poses
- patent problems since 1995. Forget GIF, use PNG (compresses better too !).
- - Colours
- 1,2,4,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- 1,2,4 bpp 8:8:8 grey
- 8 bpp 8:8:8 grey with optional alpha channel
- 16 bpp 16:16:16 grey with optional alpha channel
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour with optional alpha channel
- 48 bpp 16:16:16 true colour with optional alpha channel
- - Compression
- Deflate
- - Recognition
- filetype &B60
- 137, 80, 78, 71, 13, 10, 26, 10 at offset &0
- - Miscellaneous
- Reader supports all formats, but :
- - 16 bpp 16:16:16 grey is 'stripped' to 8 bpp 8:8:8 grey.
- - 48 bpp 16:16:16 true colour is 'stripped' to 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour.
- - Alpha channels and transparency cause pixel colours to be recalculated
- against a background colour (black if not specified in PNG file).
- - Processing code is in C. Acknowledgements :
- - Compiled with GCC for RISC OS release 1.0.7, (c) 1996 Nick Burrett.
- - Linked with UnixLib 3.7b, maintained by Simon Callan.
- - Uses libpng 1.0 beta 3 0.89, (c) 1995-1996 Guy Eric Schalnat.
- - Uses zlib 1.0.4, (c) 1995-1996 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler.
-
- QRT
- ===
- - Origin
- Various machines. QRT ray tracer.
- - Colours
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &698
-
- Sprite
- ======
- - Origin
- Acorn machines. Acorn defined native image format.
- - Colours
- 1,2,4,8 bpp 4:4:4 palette colour
- 1,2,4,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- 15 bpp 5:5:5 true colour
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- - Recognition
- filetype &FF9
- - Load options
- 'Default palette' defines the palette to use when palette colour sprites
- without a palette are loaded. If the mapping of the bpp of the input to the
- corresponding mode is thought of as 1,2,4,8 bpp --> mode 18,19,20,21, then
- 'Default palette = WIMP' will use the default WIMP palette for the
- appropriate mode, and 'Default palette = Mode' will use the default mode
- palette (as after a MODE command outside the desktop).
- - Save options
- 'Sprite type' defines the sprite type to save. It only affects the mode
- number saved in the sprite file. 'Sprite type = Default' will save old type
- sprites for 4:4:4 palette colour input, else new type sprites. 'Sprite type
- = Force old' will always save old type sprites. 'Sprite type = Force new'
- will always save new type sprites.
- - Miscellaneous
- Sprite masks are always ignored. Old type 8 bpp 4:4:4 sprites always have
- the standard fixed 256-colour palette and are actually saved without
- palette.
-
- TIFF
- ====
- - Origin
- Various machines. Tag Image File Format (that's 'Tag', not 'Tagged' as most
- people think !), devised by Aldus Corporation and Microsoft Corporation.
- - Colours
- 1,2,4,8 bpp 8:8:8 palette colour
- 24 bpp 8:8:8 true colour
- - Compression
- none
- packbits
- 12-bit LZW
- - Recognition
- filetype &FF0
- 'II' or 'MM' at offset &0
-
-
- //
- //
- // Registering
- //
- //
-
- Please register this program if it serves you well. I am sacrificing a lot of
- my time to help increase the amount of good software available for your Acorn
- machine. Registration is cheap and easy.
-
- To register, send 30 Dutch Guilders to :
-
- John Kortink
- Nutterbrink 31
- 7544 WJ Enschede
- The Netherlands
-
- As soon as your registration has been received you will be a registered user
- of Creator. A floppy disc with the latest version of Creator will be sent to
- you free of charge, unless you are easily able to access my www page on the
- Internet, in which case you already have immediate access to the very latest
- versions. Registration also entitles you to free use of any future versions
- of Creator.
-
- NOTE : if you register for any one of of my applications Creator, Translator
- or GreyEdit, you are automatically registered for all of them.
-
- I can accept any of the following types of payment (in order of preference) :
-
- - Cash. You may send any regular European currency, as long as it is
- equivalent to 30 Dutch Guilders and consists of 'large', recent bank notes
- only.
- - Eurocheque. Please note down your pass number on the back of the cheque or
- I will be unable to cash the cheque at the bank.
-
- Please note that I cannot accept any other type of payment, including cheques
- that are not Eurocheques. I cannot cash these cheques without paying high
- bank charges.
-
- Updates of Creator will be made available by (in order of preference) :
-
- - World Wide Web, on www.inter.nl.net/users/J.Kortink.
- - Electronic mail, to kortink@inter.nl.net.
- - Snail mail, to : see registration address. Include a DD or HD floppy,
- return envelope and one International Reply Coupon (IRC).
-
-