BURKS 2/BURKS_AUG97.ISO/SLAKWARE/D12/PERL1.TGZ/perl1.tar/usr/bin/pod2man

Text File | 1996-06-28 | 26KB | 1,047 lines

#!/usr/bin/perl
eval 'exec perl -S $0 "$@"'
    if 0;

=head1 NAME

pod2man - translate embedded Perl pod directives into man pages

=head1 SYNOPSIS

B<pod2man>
[ B<--section=>I<manext> ]
[ B<--release=>I<relpatch> ]
[ B<--center=>I<string> ]
[ B<--date=>I<string> ]
[ B<--fixed=>I<font> ]
[ B<--official> ]
I<inputfile>

=head1 DESCRIPTION

B<pod2man> converts its input file containing embedded pod directives (see
L<perlpod>) into nroff source suitable for viewing with nroff(1) or
troff(1) using the man(7) macro set.

Besides the obvious pod conversions, B<pod2man> also takes care of
func(), func(n), and simple variable references like $foo or @bar so
you don't have to use code escapes for them; complex expressions like
C<$fred{'stuff'}> will still need to be escaped, though.  Other nagging
little roffish things that it catches include translating the minus in
something like foo-bar, making a long dash--like this--into a real em
dash, fixing up "paired quotes", putting a little space after the
parens in something like func(), making C++ and PI look right, making
double underbars have a little tiny space between them, making ALLCAPS
a teeny bit smaller in troff(1), and escaping backslashes so you don't
have to.

=head1 OPTIONS

=over 8

=item center

Set the centered header to a specific string.  The default is
"User Contributed Perl Documentation", unless the C<--official> flag is
given, in which case the default is "Perl Programmers Reference Guide".

=item date

Set the left-hand footer string to this value.  By default,
the modification date of the input file will be used.

=item fixed

The fixed font to use for code refs.  Defaults to CW.

=item official

Set the default header to indicate that this page is of
the standard release in case C<--center> is not given.

=item release

Set the centered footer.  By default, this is the current
perl release.

=item section

Set the section for the C<.TH> macro.  The standard conventions on
sections are to use 1 for user commands,  2 for system calls, 3 for
functions, 4 for devices, 5 for file formats, 6 for games, 7 for
miscellaneous information, and 8 for administrator commands.  This works
best if you put your Perl man pages in a separate tree, like
F</usr/local/perl/man/>.  By default, section 1 will be used
unless the file ends in F<.pm> in which case section 3 will be selected.

=back

=head1 Anatomy of a Proper Man Page

For those not sure of the proper layout of a man page, here's
an example of the skeleton of a proper man page.  Head of the
major headers should be setout as a C<=head1> directive, and
are historically written in the rather startling ALL UPPER CASE
format, although this is not mandatory.
Minor headers may be included using C<=head2>, and are
typically in mixed case.

=over 10

=item NAME

Mandatory section; should be a comma-separated list of programs or
functions documented by this podpage, such as:

    foo, bar - programs to do something

=item SYNOPSIS

A short usage summary for programs and functions, which
may someday be deemed mandatory.

=item DESCRIPTION

Long drawn out discussion of the program.  It's a good idea to break this
up into subsections using the C<=head2> directives, like

    =head2 A Sample Subection

    =head2 Yet Another Sample Subection

=item OPTIONS

Some people make this separate from the description.

=item RETURN VALUE

What the program or function returns if successful.

=item ERRORS

Exceptions, return codes, exit stati, and errno settings.

=item EXAMPLES

Give some example uses of the program.

=item ENVIRONMENT

Envariables this program might care about.

=item FILES

All files used by the program.  You should probably use the FE<lt>E<gt>
for these.

=item SEE ALSO

Other man pages to check out, like man(1), man(7), makewhatis(8), or catman(8).

=item NOTES

Miscellaneous commentary.

=item CAVEATS

Things to take special care with; sometimes called WARNINGS.

=item DIAGNOSTICS

All possible messages the program can print out--and
what they mean.

=item BUGS

Things that are broken or just don't work quite right.

=item RESTRICTIONS

Bugs you don't plan to fix :-)

=item AUTHOR

Who wrote it (or AUTHORS if multiple).

=item HISTORY

Programs derived from other sources sometimes have this, or
you might keep a modification long here.

=back

=head1 EXAMPLES

    pod2man program > program.1
    pod2man some_module.pm > /usr/perl/man/man3/some_module.3
    pod2man --section=7 note.pod > note.7

=head1 DIAGNOSTICS

The following diagnostics are generated by B<pod2man>.  Items
marked "(W)" are non-fatal, whereas the "(F)" errors will cause
B<pod2man> to immediately exit with a non-zero status.

=over 4

=item bad option in paragraph %d of %s: ``%s'' should be [%s]<%s>

(W) If you start include an option, you should set it off
as bold, italic, or code.

=item can't open %s: %s

(F) The input file wasn't available for the given reason.

=item high bit char in input stream

(W) You can't use high-bit characters in the input stream,
because the translator uses them for its own nefarious purposes.
Use an HTML entity in angle brackets instead.

=item Improper man page - no dash in NAME header in paragraph %d of %s

(W) The NAME header did not have an isolated dash in it.  This is
considered important.

=item Invalid man page - no NAME line in %s

(F) You did not include a NAME header, which is essential.

=item roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s'  (F)

(F) The font specified with the C<--fixed> option was not
a one- or two-digit roff font.

=item %s is missing required section: %s

(W) Required sections include NAME, DESCRIPTION, and if you're
using a section starting with a 3, also a SYNOPSIS.  Actually,
not having a NAME is a fatal.

=item Unknown escape: %s in %s

(W) An unknown HTML entity (probably for an 8-bit character) was given via
a C<E<lt>E<gt>> directive.  Besides amp, lt, gt, and quot, recognized
entities are Aacute, aacute, Acirc, acirc, AElig, aelig, Agrave, agrave,
Aring, aring, Atilde, atilde, Auml, auml, Ccedil, ccedil, Eacute, eacute,
Ecirc, ecirc, Egrave, egrave, ETH, eth, Euml, euml, Iacute, iacute, Icirc,
icirc, Igrave, igrave, Iuml, iuml, Ntilde, ntilde, Oacute, oacute, Ocirc,
ocirc, Ograve, ograve, Oslash, oslash, Otilde, otilde, Ouml, ouml, szlig,
THORN, thorn, Uacute, uacute, Ucirc, ucirc, Ugrave, ugrave, Uuml, uuml,
Yacute, yacute, and yuml.

=item Unmatched =back

(W) You have a C<=back> without a corresponding C<=over>.

=item Unrecognized pod directive: %s

(W) You specified a pod directive that isn't in the known list of
C<=head1>, C<=head2>, C<=item>, C<=over>, C<=back>, or C<=cut>.


=back

=head1 NOTES

If you would like to print out a lot of man page continuously, you
probably want to set the C and D registers to set contiguous page
numbering and even/odd paging, at least one some versions of man(7).
Settting the F register will get you some additional experimental
indexing:

    troff -man -rC1 -rD1 -rF1 perl.1 perldata.1 perlsyn.1 ...

The indexing merely outputs messages via C<.tm> for each
major page, section, subsection, item, and any C<XE<lt>E<gt>>
directives.


=head1 RESTRICTIONS

You shouldn't use 8-bit characters in the input stream, as these
will be used by the translator.

=head1 BUGS

The =over and =back directives don't really work right.  They
take absolute positions instead of offsets, don't nest well, and
making people count is suboptimal in any event.

=head1 AUTHORS

Original prototype by Larry Wall, but so massively hacked over by
Tom Christiansen such that Larry probably doesn't recognize it anymore.

=cut

$/ = "";
$cutting = 1;

($version,$patch) = `\PATH=.:..:\$PATH; perl -v` =~ /version (\d\.\d{3}(?: +)(?:\S+)?)(?:.*patchlevel (\d\S*))?/s;
$DEF_RELEASE  = "perl $version";
$DEF_RELEASE .= ", patch $patch" if $patch;


sub makedate {
    my $secs = shift;
    my ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime($secs);
    my $mname = (qw{Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec})[$mon];
    return "$mday/$mname/$year";
}

use Getopt::Long;

$DEF_SECTION = 1;
$DEF_CENTER = "User Contributed Perl Documentation";
$STD_CENTER = "Perl Programmers Reference Guide