home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- DOCUMENT:Q93373 24-SEP-1993 [W_NT]
- TITLE :Default Drive Letters and Partitions in Windows NT
- PRODUCT :Windows NT
- PROD/VER:3.10
- OPER/SYS:WINDOWS
- KEYWORDS:
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
- The information in this article applies to:
-
- - Microsoft Windows NT operating system version 3.1
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Summary:
-
- Windows NT tends to follow the drive lettering conventions established
- years ago for the earliest hard drives. However, Windows NT has fewer
- restrictions on the number of hard drives it supports. For example,
- most systems do not support more than two hard drives in the BIOS,
- with the remainder being supported by drivers loaded in CONFIG.SYS.
- Thus, the same partitions may have different letters in a system such
- as MS-DOS and Windows NT. Please note that this article discusses only
- the default drive lettering; you can use sticky drive letters (Disk
- Administrator) to alter this lettering.
-
- In this article, primary partition refers to any partition that is a
- recognized partition (the different FAT partition types [1, 4, and 6],
- HPFS [High Performance File System] and NTFS [NT File System] [7]). A
- non-extended partition refers to a partition that has a type other
- than 0 (Empty) or 5 (Extended).
-
- More Information:
-
- This article describes the rules that Windows NT follows when
- assigning drive letters. Note: Only recognized partition types (1, 4,
- 6, 7) are assigned drive letters.
-
- If there is a primary partition on the first hard drive marked as
- active, it gets the first drive letter (C); otherwise, the first drive
- letter is assigned to the first recognized primary partition.
-
- This process is repeated for all hard drives in the system. Please
- note that if you have multiple controllers in your system, the drive
- letter ordering is based on the order in which the device drivers are
- loaded by Windows NT.
-
- Once the letters have been assigned to the first primary partitions on
- all drives in the system, letters are assigned to the recognized
- logical disks in the extended partitions using the same scheme as
- outlined above, starting with the first drive in the system.
-
- After all of the logical disks in the extended partitions are assigned
- letters, one last scan is made of the drives, and letters are assigned
- to any remaining recognized primary partitions.
-
- For drives referenced in BOOT.INI, the ordering is similar except that
- the above scan is done only for drives supported in the BIOS. For
- drives not supported in the BIOS, it is necessary to use the arcname
- style paths. The most applicable arcname naming conventions are:
-
- multi()disk()rdisk()partition()\...
-
- scsi()disk()rdisk()partition()\...
-
- The two are similar, except that the multi()disk() format varies the
- rdisk() parameter for successive disks on one controller (with a limit
- of two per controller), whereas the scsi()disk() notation uses the
- disk() parameter. Note that the rdisk() parameter actually refers to
- which SCSI logical unit (LUN) to use, which could be a separate disk,
- but the vast majority of SCSI setups have only one LUN per SCSI ID.
-
- The partition() portion of the arcname refers to the partition number.
- Partition numbers are assigned, starting with partition(1). Note that
- partition(0) refers to the entire disk. First, all non-extended
- partitions (those having a partition type other than 0 or 5) are
- assigned numbers (and the active bit does not play a role), and then
- all logical drives in extended partitions are assigned numbers.
-
- For example:
-
- Assume a system with two controllers, one a WD1003 compliant
- controller (IDE/ESDI/ST506) supported by the ATDISK driver, and the
- other a SCSI host adapter supported by a SCSI miniport driver. There
- are two drives attached to the ATDISK controller and one drive
- attached to the SCSI host adapter (at SCSI ID 0).
-
- There are two primary partitions on the first ATDISK drive, two
- partitions (one extended partition with one FAT partition inside and
- one primary NTFS partition) on the second ATDISK drive, and one
- primary FAT partition on the SCSI drive.
-
- +---------------+-----------------+
- 1/2| Primary (FAT) | Primary (XENIX) |
- +---------------+-----------------+
-
- +--------------------------+----------------+
- 3/4|Extended (one FAT inside) | Primary (NTFS) |
- +--------------------------+----------------+
- +--------------+
- 5 |Primary (FAT) |
- +--------------+
-
- The drive letters are assigned as follows:
-
- MS-DOS: C=1, D=3, E=5 (loaded in CONFIG.SYS); 2 and 4 do not have
- drive letters.
-
- Windows NT: C=1, D=4, E=5, F=3; 2 does not have a drive letter.
-
- NTLDR/BOOT.INI: C=1, D=4, E=3; 2 and 5 do not have drive letters.
-
- The arcname for each of the partitions is:
-
- 1: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)
-
- 2: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)
-
- 3: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(1)partition(2)
-
- 4: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(1)partition(1)
-
- 5: scsi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)
-
- Additional reference words: 3.10
- KBCategory:
- KBSubCategory: FILSYS
-
- =============================================================================
-
- THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE MICROSOFT KNOWLEDGE BASE IS
- PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. MICROSOFT DISCLAIMS
- ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES
- OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO
- EVENT SHALL MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR
- ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- CONSEQUENTIAL, LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF
- MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE
- POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION
- OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES
- SO THE FOREGOING LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY.
-
- Copyright Microsoft Corporation 1993.