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- ****************************
- * Transketolase signatures *
- ****************************
-
- Transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) (TK) catalyzes the reversible transfer of a
- two-carbon ketol unit from xylulose 5-phosphate to an aldose receptor, such as
- ribose 5-phosphate, to form sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-
- phosphate. This enzyme, together with transaldolase, provides a link between
- the glycolytic and pentose-phosphate pathways.
-
- TK requires thiamin pyrophosphate as a cofactor. In most sources where TK has
- been purified, it is a homodimer of approximately 70 Kd subunits. TK sequences
- from a variety of eukaryotic and prokaryotic sources [1,2] show that the
- enzyme has been evolutionarily conserved.
-
- In the peroxisomes of methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha, there is a
- highly related enzyme, dihydroxy-acetone synthase (DHAS) (EC 2.2.1.3) (also
- known as formaldehyde transketolase), which exhibits a very unusual
- specificity by including formaldehyde amongst its substrates.
-
- A hypothetical 67.9 Kd protein encoded in the photosynthesis cluster of
- Rhodobacter capsulatus (ORF 641) also belongs to this family. Its exact
- function is not yet known.
-
- We selected two regions of TK as signature patterns. The first, located in the
- N-terminal section, contains a histidine residue which appears to function in
- proton transfer during catalysis [3]. The second, located in the central
- section, contains conserved acidic residues that are part of the active cleft
- and may participate in substrate-binding [3].
-
- -Consensus pattern: R-x(4)-[DEQ]-x(5,6)-[GST]-G-H-[PLIVM]-[GST]-x(3)-[GST]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: G-E-[DN]-G-[PA]-[ST]-[HQ]-x-[PA]-[LIVM]-E-x(2)-A-x(2)-R
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Rhodobacter capsulatus ORF 641.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Last update: October 1993 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Abedinia M., Layfield R., Jones S.M., Nixon P.F., Mattick J.S.
- Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 183:1159-1166(1992).
- [ 2] Fletcher T.S., Kwee I.L., Nakada T., Largman C., Martin B.M.
- Biochemistry 31:1892-1896(1992).
- [ 3] Lindqvist Y., Schneider G., Ermler U., Sundstroem M.
- EMBO J. 11:2373-2379(1992).
-