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- ***************************
- * P-II protein signatures *
- ***************************
-
- The P-II protein (gene glnB) is a bacterial protein important for the control
- of glutamine synthetase [1,2]. In nitrogen-limiting conditions, when the ratio
- of glutamine to 2-ketoglutarate decreases, P-II is uridylylated on a tyrosine
- residue to form P-II-UMP. P-II-UMP allows the deadenylation of glutamine
- synthetase (GS), thus activating the enzyme. Conversely, in nitrogen excess,
- P-II-UMP is deuridylated and then promotes the adenylation of GS. P-II also
- indirectly controls the transcription of the GS gene (glnA) by preventing NR-
- II (ntrB) to phosphorylate NR-I (ntrC) which is the transcriptional activator
- of glnA. Once P-II is uridylylated, these events are reversed.
-
- P-II is a protein of about 110 amino acid residues extremely well conserved.
- The tyrosine which is urydylated is located in the central part of the
- protein.
-
- In methanogenic archaebacteria, the nitrogenase iron protein gene (nifH) is
- followed by two open reading frames highly similar to the eubacterial P-II
- protein [3]. These proteins could be involved in the regulation of nitrogen
- fixation.
-
- We developed two signature patterns for P-II protein. The first one is a
- conserved stretch (in eubacteria) of six residues which contains the
- urydylated tyrosine, the other is derived from a conserved region in the C-
- terminal part of the P-II protein.
-
- -Consensus pattern: Y-R-G-[AS]-E-Y
- [The second Y is uridylated]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL glnB's
- from eubacteria.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: T-x(3)-G-D-G-[KR]-I-F-[LIVM]-x(2)-[LIVM]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Last update: June 1992 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Magasanik B.
- Biochimie 71:1005-1012(1989).
- [ 2] Holtel A., Merrick M.
- Mol. Gen. Genet. 215:134-138(1988).
- [ 3] Sibold L., Henriquet M., Possot O., Aubert J.-P.
- Res. Microbiol. 142:5-12(1991).
-