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- ************************************************************
- * FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase signatures *
- ************************************************************
-
- FKBP [1,2,3] is the major high-affinity binding protein, in vertebrates, for
- the immunosuppressive drug FK506. It exhibits peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans
- isomerase activity (EC 5.2.1.8) (PPIase or rotamase). PPIase is an enzyme that
- accelerates protein folding by catalyzing the cis-trans isomerization of
- proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides [4].
-
- At least three different forms of FKBP are known in mammalian species:
-
- - FKBP-12, which is cytosolic and inhibited by both FK506 and rapamycin.
- - FKBP-13, which is membrane associated and inhibited by both FK506 and
- rapamycin.
- - FKBP-25, which is preferentially inhibited by rapamycin.
-
- These forms of FKBP are evolutionary related and show extensive similarities
- [5,6,7] with the following proteins:
-
- - Fungal FKBP.
- - Mammalian hsp binding immunophilin (HBI) (also called p59). HBI is a
- protein which binds to hsp90 and contains three FKBP-like domains in its N-
- terminal section - the first of which seems to be functional.
- - The C-terminal part of the cell-surface protein mip from Legionella
- pneumophilia; a protein associated with macrophage infection by an unknown
- mechanism.
- - Escherichia coli metal-binding protein slyD [8].
- - Streptomyces hygroscopus and chrysomallus FK506-binding protein.
- - Chlamydia trachomatis 27 Kd membrane protein.
- - Neisseria meningitidis strain C114 PPiase.
- - Probable PPiases from Escherichia coli (yaaD), Pseudomonas fluorescens and
- from Pseudomonase aeruginosa.
-
- We developed two signature patterns for these proteins. One is based on a
- conserved region in the N-terminus of FKBP, the other is located in the
- central section.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMC]-x-[YF]-x-[GVL]-x(1,2)-[LFT]-x(2)-G-x(3)-[DE]-
- [STAEQ]-[STN]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: 7.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMFY]-x(2)-[GA]-x(3,4)-[LIVMF]-x(2)-[LIVMFH]-x(2)-G-
- x(4)-[LIVMF]-x(3)-[PSGA]-x(2)-[AG]-[FY]-G
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Note: cyclophilin, the protein that binds to the immunosuppressive drug
- cyclosporin A, is also a PPIase but its sequence is not at all related to
- that of FKBP (see the section on cyclophilin-type PPIases).
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Tropschug M., Wachter E., Mayer S., Schoenbrunner E.R., Schmid F.X.
- Nature 346:674-677(1990).
- [ 2] Stein R.L.
- Curr. Biol. 1:234-236(1991).
- [ 3] Siekierka J.J., Widerrecht G., Greulich H., Boulton D., Hung S.H.Y.,
- Cryan J., Hodges P.J., Sigal N.H.
- J. Biol. Chem. 265:21011-21015(1990).
- [ 4] Fischer G., Schmid F.X.
- Biochemistry 29:2205-2212(1990).
- [ 5] Trandinh C.C., Pao G.M., Saier M.H. Jr.
- FASEB J. 6:3410-3420(1992).
- [ 6] Galat A.
- Eur. J. Biochem. 216:689-707(1993).
- [ 7] Hacker J., Fischer G.
- Mol. Microbiol. 10:445456(1993).
- [ 8] Wuelfing C., Lomardero J., Plueckthun A.
- J. Biol. Chem. 269:2895-2901(1994).
-