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- *************************
- * Hexokinases signature *
- *************************
-
- Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) [1,2] is an important glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes
- the phosphorylation of keto- and aldohexoses (e.g. glucose, mannose and
- fructose) using MgATP as the phosphoryl donor.
-
- In vertebrates there are four major isoenzymes, commonly referred as types I,
- II, III and IV. Type IV hexokinase, which is often incorrectly designated
- glucokinase [3], is only expressed in liver and pancreatic beta-cells and
- plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion; it is a protein of a
- molecular mass of about 50 Kd. Hexokinases of types I to III, which have low
- Km values for glucose, have a molecular mass of about 100 Kd. Structurally
- they consist of a very small N-terminal hydrophobic membrane-binding domain
- followed by two highly similar domains of 450 residues. The first domain has
- lost its catalytic activity and has evolved into a regulatory domain.
-
- In yeast there are three different isozymes: hexokinase PI (gene HXK1), PII
- (gene HXKB), and glucokinase (gene GLK1). All three proteins have a molecular
- mass of about 50 Kd.
-
- All these enzymes contain one (or two in the case of types I to III isozymes)
- strongly conserved region which has been shown [4] to be involved in substrate
- binding. We have derived a pattern from that region.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVM]-G-F-[TN]-F-S-[FY]-P-x(5)-[LIVM]-[DN]-x(3)-[LIVM]-
- x(2)-W-T-K-x-F
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
- -Last update: December 1992 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Middleton R.J.
- Biochem. Soc. Trans. 18:180-183(1990).
- [ 2] Griffin L.D., Gelb B.D., Wheeler D.A., Davison D., Adams V., McCabe E.R.
- Genomics 11:1014-1024(1991).
- [ 3] Cornish-Bowden A., Luz Cardenas M.
- Trends Biochem. Sci. 16:281-282(1991).
- [ 4] Schirch D.M., Wilson J.E.
- Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 254:385-396(1987).
-