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- UseNet
-
- Usenet (short for user's network) is a giant collection of
- discussion groups, each centered upon a special topic of
- interest--boxing, bee keeping, photography, sex--whatever.
- There are more than 5000 such groups within Usenet, the
- majority of which are devoted to topics of non-local inter-
- est. No one is in charge of Usenet. The procedures for
- transporting data (NNTP = network news transport protocol),
- posting articles, and forming new groups have been estab-
- lished through tradition (Usenet began in 1979 at U of North
- Carolina). There is no control over content and there is no
- censorship. Whoever you are, you are sure to find lots of
- disagreeable things on Usenet--so ignore them.
-
- The News?
-
- Though the discussion groups are called "newsgroups," they
- have little to do with news in the traditional sense. They
- are more likely to be very specialized discussions of research
- trends, recipes, fan clubs... you name it. You can find most
- areas of human interest discussed somewhere on Usenet. It is
- a great place to go when you have specific questions and need
- expert answers. You simply post your question to the group
- and soon you will see an answer posted. It all depends on the
- group, of course. If your question is inappropriate, you can
- also expect to see some very deflating comments posted.
-
-
-
- How Do You Use Usenet?
- To use Usenet you have to be connected to a host computer that
- has a "news server," and you have to have access to a news
- reader program. There are four commonly used news reader pro-
- grams on Unix systems: rn, nn, trn and tin. Your host will
- probably provide at least one of these. If you have a SLIP
- connection or use Xwindow applications, you can use some very
- sophisticated graphical newsreaders. A good one for Windows
- is called WinVN.
-
- The job of the newsreader is to keep track of the newsgroups
- to which you have subscribed, present the articles to you,
- and perform tasks such as decoding encoded files. Newsreader
- programs tend to be pretty complex and difficult to learn.
-
- Discovering The News
-
- The first time you use your newsreader you will get a list
- (a ponderous, long list) of available newsgroups. If you
- subscribe to a group you will see it among your groups each
- time you run the newsreader (the term "subscribe" does not
- imply cost--it is all free). Later you can unsubscribe to
- any group and it will disappear from your list. There is
- a file in your Unix home directory called .newsrc which
- keeps track of the groups to which you are subscribed and
- the articles which you have read.
-
-
-
-
- Usenet vs Internet
-
- Usenet is just a collection of discussion groups. It is not
- a computer network at all. Usenet uses computer networks (the
- Internet among others) to spread the news. Usenet is a news
- service transported by computer networks.
-
- Usenet operates cooperatively among computer networks, like a
- bucket brigade. Networks that offer Usenet also act as dis-
- tribution points, passing the Usenet articles along to other
- networks. A network offering Usenet needs three things: 1) a
- news administrator, 2) a news server (computer), and 3) an
- agreement with at least one other Usenet site to transport
- the news. Some computers act as hubs, feeding many sites.
-
- Organization
-
- Although no one is in charge of Usenet, many conventions have
- developed to keep things organized and flowing. It is a good
- example of a successful democratic system run by right
- thinking people (!?!). One such convention is the way the
- newsgroups are organized into "heirarchies" based on content.
- There are mainstream heirarchies, like bionet (life sciences),
- bit (BITNET listservs), biz (business and management), comp
- (computers), etc. And then there is the alt heirarchy--where
- you will find all the truly weird stuff.
-
-
-
-
- Newsgroup Names
-
- Newsgroups are named according to their heirarchies and
- specific contents. Usually they have at least a three part
- name, each part separated by a period, rec.drama.stagecraft,
- for example, or alt.sex.fetishes. Since no one is in charge,
- undergraduates being what they are, you will find some silly
- or frivolous groups as well, such as alt.dinosaur.barney.die.
- die.die, or alt.lampreys.stupid. Don't be misled. There are
- also many serious and very useful groups. Much of what is
- vital and interesting on the Internet may be found among
- the newsgroups.
-
-
-
- Reading The News
-
- Newsreader programs work by showing you a list of the groups
- to which you are subscribed. To see the articles in a par-
- ticular group you simply select it. Most groups have many
- articles, and they are "threaded," meaning the related
- articles are grouped together. News administrators set an
- expiration date on the articles, so new articles are con-
- stantly appearing and old ones are disappearing. It is the
- job of the newsreader program to make it easy for you to
- find articles, read them, post to groups, decode text en-
- coded binary files, decrypt encrypted articles, and the
- like. As you can tell, it is a job getting to know your
- newsreader and the rules of Usenet, but it is worth it.
-
- To Learn More
-
- The best way to learn more about Usenet and the newsgroups
- is to subscribe to and read the group called "news.answers."
- Further, many groups post FAQ (frequently asked questions)
- files regularly. FAQs are maintained by the group moderator
- or other volunteer and are posted as articles to the group.
- FAQs are also available via anonymous ftp from news archive
- sites, such as rtfm.mit.edu.
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