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- Network Working Group D. Piscitello
- Request for Comments: 1545 Bellcore
- Category: Experimental November 1993
-
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- FTP Operation Over Big Address Records (FOOBAR)
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet
- community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any
- kind. Discussion and suggestions for improvement are requested.
- Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- This paper describes a convention for specifying longer addresses in
- the PORT command.
-
- Introduction
-
- This RFC specifies a method for assigning long addresses in the
- HOST-PORT specification for the data port to be used in establishing
- a data connection for File Transfer Protocol, FTP (STD 9, RFC 959).
- This is a general solution, applicable for all "next generation" IP
- alternatives, and can also be extended to allow FTP operation over
- transport interfaces other than TCP.
-
- Acknowledgments
-
- Many thanks to all the folks in the IETF who casually mentioned how
- to do this, but who left it to me to write this RFC. Special thanks
- to Rich Colella, Bob Ullmann, Shawn Ostermann, Steve Lunt, and Brian
- Carpenter who had the time and decency to comment on the initial
- draft. :-)
-
- 1. Background
-
- The PORT command of File Transfer Protocol allows users to specify an
- address other than the default data port for the transport connection
- over which data are transferred. The PORT command syntax is:
-
- PORT <SP> <host-port> <CRLF>
-
- The <host-port> argument is the concatenation of a 32-bit internet
- <host-address> and a 16-bit TCP <port-address>. This address
- information is broken into 8-bit fields and the value of each field
- is transmitted as a decimal number (in character string
-
-
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- Piscitello [Page 1]
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- RFC 1545 FTP Over Big Address November 1993
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- representation). The fields are separated by commas. A port command
- is thus of the general form "PORT h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2", where h1 is the
- high order 8 bits of the internet host address.
-
- To accommodate larger network addresses anticipated for all IP "next
- generation" alternatives, new commands and reply codes are needed for
- FTP. This memo addresses these needs.
-
- 2. The LPRT Command
-
- The LPRT command allows users to specify a "long" address for the
- transport connection over which data are transferred. The LPRT
- command syntax is:
-
- LPRT <SP> <long-host-port> <CRLF>
-
- The <long-host-port> argument is the concatenation of the following
- fields;
-
- o an 8-bit <address-family> argument (af)
-
- o an 8-bit <host-address-length> argument (hal)
-
- o a <host-address> of <host-address-length> (h1, h2, ...)
-
- o an 8-bit <port-address-length> (pal)
-
- o a <port-address> of <port-address-length> (p1, p2, ...)
-
- The <address-family> argument takes the value of the version number
- of IP (see Assigned Numbers, STD 2, RFC 1340), or generally speaking,
- an Internet layer protocol. Relevant assigned IPng version numbers
- are:
-
- Decimal Keyword
- ------ -------
- 0 reserved
- 1-3 unassigned
- 4 Internet Protocol (IP)
- 5 ST Datagram Mode
- 6 SIP
- 7 TP/IX
- 8 PIP
- 9 TUBA
- 10-14 unassigned
- 15 reserved
-
-
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- RFC 1545 FTP Over Big Address November 1993
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-
- The value of each field is broken into 8-bit fields and the value of
- each field is transmitted as an unsigned decimal number (in character
- string representation, note that negative numbers are explicitly not
- permitted). The fields are separated by commas.
-
- A LPRT command is thus of the general form
-
- LPRT af,hal,h1,h2,h3,h4...,pal,p1,p2...
-
- where h1 is the high order 8 bits of the internet host address, and
- p1 is the high order 8 bits of the port number (transport address).
-
- 3. The LPSV Command
-
- The L(ONG) PASSIVE command requests the server-DTP to listen on a
- data port other than its default data port and to wait for a
- connection rather than initiate one upon receipt of a transfer
- command. The response to this command includes the address family,
- host address length indicator, host address, port address length, and
- port address this server is listening on. The reply code and text
- for entering the passive mode using a long address is 228
- (Interpretation according to FTP is: positive completion reply 2yz,
- connections x2z, passive mode entered using long address xy8). The
- suggested textual message to accompany this reply code is:
-
- 228 Entering Long Passive Mode (af,hal,h1,h2,h3,h4...,pal,p1,p2...)
-
- 4. Permanent Negative Completion Reply Codes
-
- The negative completion reply codes that are associated with syntax
- errors in the PORT and PASV commands are appropriate for the LPRT and
- LPSV commands (500, 501). An additional negative completion reply
- code is needed to distinguish the case where a host supports the LPRT
- or LPSV command, but does not support the address family specified.
- Of the FTP function groupings currently defined for reply codes
- (syntax, information, connections, authentication and accounting, and
- file system), "connections" seems the most logical choice; thus, an
- additional negative command completion reply code, 521 is added, with
- the following suggested textual message:
-
- 521 Supported address families are (af1, af2, ..., afn)
-
- Where (af1, af2, ..., afn) are the values of the version numbers of
- the "next generation" or other protocol families supported. IP
- address noted earlier.
-
-
-
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- RFC 1545 FTP Over Big Address November 1993
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-
- 5. Rationale
-
- An explicit address family argument in the LPRT command and LPSV
- reply allows the Internet community to experiment with a variety of
- "next generation IP" alternatives within a common FTP implementation
- framework. (It also allows the use of a different address family on
- the command and data connections.) An explicit length indicator for
- the host address is necessary because some of the IPNG alternatives
- make use of variable length addresses. An explicit host address is
- necessary because FTP says it's necessary.
-
- The decision to provide a length indicator for the port number is not
- as obvious, and certainly goes beyond the necessary condition of
- having to support TCP port numbers. Currently, at least one IPng
- alternative (TP/IX) supports longer port addresses. And given the
- increasingly "multi-protocol" nature of the Internet, it seems
- reasonable that someone, somewhere, might wish to operate FTP operate
- over Appletalk, IPX, and OSI networks as well as TCP/IP networks.
- (In theory, FTP should operate over *any* transport protocol that
- offers the same service as TCP.) Since some of these transport
- protocols may offer transport selectors or port numbers that exceed
- 16 bits, a length indicator may be desirable. If FTP must indeed be
- changed to accommodate larger network addresses, it may be prudent to
- determine at this time whether the same flexibility is useful or
- necessary with respect to transport addresses.
-
- 6. Conclusions
-
- The mechanism defined here is simple, extensible, and meets both IPNG
- and possibly multi-protocol internet needs.
-
- 7. References
-
- STD 9, RFC 959 Postel, J., and J. Reynolds, "File Transfer Protocol",
- STD 9, RFC 959, USC/Information Sciences Institute,
- October 1985.
-
- STD 2, RFC 1340 Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers",
- STD 2, RFC 1340, USC/Information Sciences Institute,
- July 1992. (Does not include recently assigned IPv7
- numbers).
-
- STD 3, RFC 1123 Braden, R., Editor, "Requirements for Internet
- Hosts - Application and Support", STD 3, RFC 1123,
- USC/Information Sciences Institute, October 1989.
-
-
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- Piscitello [Page 4]
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- RFC 1545 FTP Over Big Address November 1993
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-
- 8. Security Considerations
-
- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
-
- 9. Author's Address
-
- David M. Piscitello
- Bell Communications Research
- NVC 1C322
- 331 Newman Springs Road
- Red Bank, NJ 07701
-
- EMail: dave@mail.bellcore.com
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