The term is derived from the Italian "cantare", which means "to sing". It is a vocal composition consisting of several movements, with solos, choruses, and orchestral accompaniment. It is usually based on a continuous sacred or secular narrative. This musical form first appeared at the beginning of the 17th century. It is not staged, has no scenery, no action, and no costumes.
J.S.Bach wrote five annual cycles of cantatas for every Sunday and feast day, which amounts to a little more than 250 (!) cantatas. However, two fifths of the cantatas seem to have disappeared.
