The Atari Compendium

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06601030305800 F0000000 9[...................................................]001 êThePE1CHLversionofNETbyKA9Q Ç byR.E.Janssen,PE1CHL. lastupdate:27-May-1988. ThisdocumentdescribessomechangesIhavemadetotheNET program(byKA9Q)afterportingtheprogramtotheAtariST. ThesefeaturesarenowalsoavailableinaPCversion. Currentprogramversionis871225.12.PE1CHL êAX.25callsignhandlingÇ  The'mycall'variableandcommandhavebeenreplacedbyamore powerfulsetofcommands,thatallowmorecomplexax.25useof thepackage.ThecallsigntouseinIPandNET/ROMisnow specifiedasanextraparametertotheattachcommand. Thischangeallowsadifferentcallsign-ssidtobeusedon differentbands,arequirementinsomecountries.Alsoitisthe basisofsomecross-banddigipeatingfeatures.Aproblemoccurs whenthesamestationcanbecontactedon2bands,andthe routingtablesineachstationindicateadifferentbandtobe used.Theotherstationincorrectlyassumesthesamecallsignis validonbothbands.ARPcanbefixedtoincludetheinterfacein thetable,andkeepingseparatecallsignsforeachIPaddress- interfacepair.Thishasnotyetbeenimplemented. Thedigipeaterfunctionalityandcommandhavebeenenhanced.It isnowpossibletoswitchdigipeatingonandoffindependently foreachinterface,andasanextraoptionitisnowpossibleto haveadigipeatergatewaybetween2ormorebands.Tousethis feature,setadifferentcallsign-ssidoneachband(inthe attachcommand),anduse"ax25digipeat<interface>gate" commandsforeachinterfaceparticipatinginthegateway. Packetsarrivingonaninterface,andrequiringtobedigipeated bythecallofanotherinterface,willbesentoutonthe digipeatinterfacewiththedigicallreplacedbythecallofthe interfacewherethepacketarrived.(aknowntricktoimplement amulti-banddigipeatergateway). Example:Ifthecallsignon2misPE1CHL-2,andon70itis PE1CHL-7,someoneqrvon2mcanconnectastationon70by connecting"viaPE1CHL-7".Thisresultsinatransmissionon70 cmspecifyingPE1CHL-2asadigipeater.Whenthedestination stationreplies,thepacketwillbedigipeatedon2mwith digipeatercallsignPE1CHL-7. êMHEARDÇ Thedetmiliar"MHEARD"commandhasbeenadded.Itisnowonly implementedforax.25,butitcouldbeusedonanynetwork. Itispossibletosetthenumberofdifferentaddressesto rememberusing"mheard<interface>number".Thedefaultis0, Çi.e.norecordingofheardstations. Usethecommand"mheard14423"tokeepthelast23heard stationsinthelist(i.e.onescreenful). Thecommand"mheard144"willthenlisttheheardstations,in thisformat: May2521:25:34PA0GRI-1toPE1CHL-2 May2521:25:20PI8CIKtoMAILviaPI8HOB>(PI8VRZ) Inthesecondline,astationwasheardusingadigipeater.The partofthedigipeaterlistinbracketsindicatesthedigipeaters thatdidnotyetrelaythepacketwhenitwaslastheard.Soin theexample,PI8VRZwasnothearddigipeatingthepacket. The">"signindicatesthattheinputofthedigipeaterwas heard,inthiscasethetransmissionbyPI8HOBtoPI8VRZ. Ifthe2ndlinereads: May2521:25:20PI8CIKtoMAILvia>PI8HOB>(PI8VRZ) thismeansthatPI8CIKwasheardDIRECTandviaPI8HOB,butnot viaPI8VRZ. Themostcommonuseofthisfeatureistodetermineifastation canbehearddirectand/orviaadigipeater,asin: May2521:38:10PI8RNI-7toPI8ESA-7via>PI8HOB Thisindicatesthestationcanbeheardbothdirectandviathe digipeater. êSOURCEÇ The"source"commandhasbeenaddedtoreadacommandsfile,like theautoexec.netfile.Thesyntaxis"source<filename>"This commandcanalsoappearwithintheautoexec.netfileitself, makingitpossibletosubdividethisfileinsomelogicalparts (e.g.setupandroutingcommands). Thisallowsyoutostructuretheautoexec.netfileintodifferent parts,likeattachofinterfaces,parametersetting,routing commandsetc.Now,itispossibletosharesomeofthesefiles betweendifferentsetupstobeusedbyNET. êROUTEÇ The"route"commandhastbeenextended:whenyouenter "routeadd<host>via<ipgate>",theexistingrouteto<ipgate> isstoredintheroutingtable.Thismeansthatifyouchange therouteto<ipgate>inyourautoexecfile,alltheroutesthat areviathisgatewaywillautomaticallybeupdatedwhenyoustart NET.(especiallyhandywhenyouchangetheinterfaceatwhicha gatewaycanbereached,andstillmoreimportantwhenyouwantto rundifferentconfigurationsofyoulocalmachine(s)usinga cleverlybuiltautoexec.netusingthe"source"commandtoread Çroutingtablesfromseparatefiles.) Example: routeaddpa0gri144 routeaddbbs.pa0griviapa0gri Someveryminorchangesinthedoaddanddodroproutingfunctions nowmakeitpossibletousesymbolicnamesinroutecommands, evenwhenspecifyingthenumberofbits: Example: routeaddBelgium/16viapa0gri êTRACEÇ Tracingcannowberoutedtoafile.Use"traceto<pathname>"to enabletracingtoafile,"tracetocon"toswitchbackto consoletracing.Alwaysuseanabsolutepathnameforthefile (e.g.:tracetoc:\net\tracefile),asitissometimesclosedand re-openedusingthespecifiedname.Thiscouldfailifyou changetheworkingdirectory. Thedateandtime-of-dayhasbeenaddedtothefirstlineofeach traceoutput,whichisusefulwhenwritingtoafile. êFLOWÇ The"flow"commandhasbeenimplemented,andworkslikeinthe TNCcode.Incominginputisnotprintedwhentheuseristyping inputonaninteractiveconnection,greatlyenhancingthe readabilityofkeyboard-to-keyboardcommunications.Theinput willbeprintedwhenaRETURNistyped,orwheneveryoubackspace tothebeginningoftheline."flowon"enablesthisfeature. êInputLineEditingÇ Inputlineeditinghasbeenenhanced,andahistoryofcommand lines(ofmorethan1character)iskept.Thearrowkeyscanbe usedtomovethroughthishistory,andtoeditinputlines.An "insert"modeisrecognized(insertkey). Keyfunctionsare: leftarrownondestructivebackspacethroughthecurrent line.allowscorrectionsinyourinput. rightarrowtomovetowardstheendoftheline.whenit isusedattheendoftheinput,characters fromthepreviousinputlinewillbe inserted. Ç uparrowgetthepreviouslineintheinputline historyandshowit.putcursoratendof thisinputline. downarrowgetnextlinefrominputlinehistory. deletewhenthecursorisoveracharacterinthe currentinputline,deletesthatcharacter. inserttogglesbetweenovertypeandinsertmode.in insertmode,anythingtypedwhenthecursor isnotattheendoftheinputlinewillbe insertedatthecursorposition. ^H,backspdeletethecharacterleftfromthecursor position. ^Rredisplaystheinputlineandputsthecursor attheend. ^U,^Xcancelsthecurrentinputline. RETURNacceptsthecurrentinputline.notethatthe cursormaybeanywhereintheline,the completelinewillalwaysbeaccepted. êAX.25portsÇ The"ax25port"commandhasbeenaddedtoallowax.25serversto runintheNETprogram,justlikeTCPservers.Itispossibleto defineacallsign(andoptionallyaninterface)thatcanbe connectedto,andaportnumberofacorrespondingax.25server. Thetype"digi"canbespecified,inthiscasetheprogramwill opena"fake"connectionwhenthecallsignappearsinthe digipeaterfieldofanincomingpacket.Thisallowsinteresting uses,likeimplementingnet/rom-likedigipeatersthatoperate transparentlyasfarastheend-userisconcerned,andthatare probablymoreacceptabletosomePTTadministrations. Thesyntaxoftheax25portcommandis: ax25port<number>conn<call>[<interface>[multi]] or:ax25port<number>digi<call>[<interface>[gate]] "multi"specifiesthattheportcanbeconnectedfromallAX.25 interfaces.Thisisalsotruewhentheinterfaceisomitted. "gate"specifiesthatadigiportmaybeconnectedfrom,andcan itselfconnecttootherAX.25interfaces. Interactive(TNC-like)connectionsnowalsocanusethisserver concept.Thisallowsimmediateprintingof"IncomingAX.25 session"uponconnection,asthesystemdoesnothavetowaitfor aninformationframecontainingaTextPID. ÇThe"ax25start/stop"commandscanbeusedtostartandstop ax.25servers. Currently,thefollowingportnumbershavebeendefinedforAX.25 serversthathavebeenwritten: 1TNCserver.AllowsinteractiveTNC-likeconnections 2 NetDigiserver.Adigipeaterusing2separate connectionsandindependenterrorrecovery. 3MHEARDserver.Allowsotherstationstoreadyour MHEARDlist. 4Conferencebridgeserver.Allowsmulti-stationround- tableQSO's. TheTNCserveremulatesanold-fashionedTNC.Stationscan connecttoit,andwillreceiveaconnecttextimmediately(when defined).Also,theserverwillalerttheoperatorwitha message.("IncomingAX.25session#from<call>"). Theconnecttextisgivenasaparametertotheax25start command: ax25starttnc"HelloOM!NameisROB,QTHisUTRECHT" Whenyouissuea"connect"commandtoconnecttoanotherstation, theprogramwillusethecallsignofaTNCport(connportwith number1)ifitisavailable.Ifnot,itwillusethecallsign assignedtotheinterfacewiththeattachcommand. Theadvantageis,thatthecallsignyouuseforoutgoingconnects isthesameasthecallsignotheruserscanconnectto. The"NetDigi"server(port#2)implementsacleverdigipeater thatuses2fakeconnectionsfor1standardax.25connection (onlypid=Textallowed). Example: ax25port2digiPE1CHL-3144gate ax25port2digiPE1CHL-4430gate ax25startnetdigi Itispossibletoconnect"via"PE1CHL-3orPE1CHL-4,using the"NetDigi"feature(thatusesax25port2).Thiswillaccess thecleverdigipeater,thatusesseparateconnectionsforboth links,eachwithseparateretriesandacknowledges. This"netdigi"willalsofunctionasagatewaybetweenbands,but itcanonlyserveax.25(pid=Text)users. TheMHEARDserver(port#3)returnstheMHEARDlistofan interface.Becausethisserverneedstoknowwhichlistithasto send,youshouldincludean<interface>specificationintheax25 portcommand.Specify"multi"ifyouwanttheMHEARDlisttobe availableonotherinterfacesaswell. Ç Anotherax25serverhasbeenimplemented:theconferencebridge. Itusesax25portnumber4(connectmode),andcanbestarted withthecommand"ax25startbridge". Itsupportstheconnectionofanumberofstations,andwillpass inputfromanyoftheconnectedstationstoallothersconnected tothebridge.Youcancreateseveralindependentbridgesby creatingmorethanoneax25portwithnumber4,e.g."ax25port4 pe1chl-5"and"ax25port4pe1chl-6"willcreate2independent bridgesunderthe-5and-6calls. Thebridgesupportssomecommandsthattheconnecteduserscan enterbytyping//commandatthebeginningofaninputline. Commandsare: //connectcall[interface]:Willcausethebridgetoattempt connectionofthespecifiedstation,viathespecified interface. //disconnect[call]:Willdisconnectthespecifiedstation, oryourselfifthecallisomitted. //interface:Willprintalistofavailableinterfaces. //mheard[interface]:WillsendtheMHEARDlistofthe specifiedinterface,orbydefaulttheinterfaceat whichyouareconnected. //users:Willprintalistofusersconnectedtothebridge. ///anytext:Willpass//anytexttotheotherusers. Ofcourse,ithelpsiftheinterfacenamesaremnemonictothe usersconnectingfromoutside,e.g."144"and"430",or"2m"and "70cm".I'vefoundthismoreconvenientthanthesuggested"ax0" etc,alsoformyownuse. êMoreAX.25featuresÇ AX25loopbackhasbeenaddedtothecode,usingaseparate axloopqstructureanalogoustotheloopqusedforIPdatagrams. Thisallowsyoutoconnecttooneofyourlocalax.25portsusing aninteractiveax.25session.Usefulfordebuggingax.25 servers,andalsotobeabletoconnecttoyourownconference bridge. AX.25eventsarenowloggedintheNETlogfile,ifloggingis enabled. AnAX.25timerT4hasbeenadded.Thistimerisstartedwhenever apacketarrivesoratransmittedpacketisacknowledged.When thetimertimesout,thelinkisdisconnected.Thisfeatureis ÇusedtodisconnectAX.25connectionssetupbyNET/ROMorbyIP virtualcircuitmode.Thetimerisautomaticallydisabledfor interactivesessions. êNETROMÇ SupportforNET/ROMlevel3hasbeenaddedtothepackage.Iam workingonlevel4and7.Now,itispossibletorouteIP packetsovertheNET/ROMnet,andtoserveasaNET/ROMnode capableofroutingpacketsflowingbetweenother"real"NET/ROM nodes.TheconnectiontoNET/ROMbyAX.25stations,andsupport forconnectionstootherNET/ROMsisNOTYETFINISHED. [alotofstuffstilltobedocumented] êEXITÇ TheexitcommandnowchecksifTCPand/orAX.25sessionsare stillopen.Ifso,itgivesawarningmessage,andtheexitis notperformed.Youcanuse"exit!"toforceanexitinthis case.TheopenconnectionswillbeRESET,whichmeansthatopen fileswillbeclosedandSMTPlockfilesremoved. êFTPUSERSfileÇ Itisnowpossibletospecifymorethanonedirectory/permission pairforeachuserintheFTPUSERSfile.Thisallowsbetter definitionofthepermissionsforeachuser. Thepermissionsaresearchedleft-to-rightforamatchofthe directoryfield,andthecorrespondingpermissionsfieldisused whenamatchisfound.So,ifyouwanttospecifyadifferent permissionforasubdirectory,thatsubdirectoryshouldbeplaced beforethedirectoryinwhichitappears. The"workingdirectory"foralogged-inuserwillbetheLAST directorynamedonthelineinFTPUSERS. Allentriesinthefileshouldbeseparatedbyexactlyonespace. OntheAtariSTandMS/DOS,itisnowalsopossibletoincludea drivespecifieraspartofthedirectoryname. Example: guest * \net\files 3\net\ftpusers0\net1 rob myself!a:\ 7 b:\ 7 \ 7 user1 * g:\ 7 b:\ 3 Inthisexample,guestcancreatefilesin\net\files,andread everythingin\netexcept\net\ftpusers.Thisisbecausethe matchfor\net\ftpuserswillreturnpermission0,while \net\otherwillreturnpermission1. Ç 73,deROBPE1CHL.