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-
- VERY PRELIMINARY MANUAL FOR BETA-TEST VERSIONS OF DL II
- (c) 1987 Simon Poole ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
-
- DL II User's Guide
-
- I. Introduction
-
- DL II is a checkdisk/unerase/diskedit program with following
- functions:
- -Disk usage display
- -Check of FAT integrity
- -Check for lost and crosslinked clusters
- -Some disk fix functions
- -Automatic and manual unerase
- -File attribute change
- -Disk editing, file or sector oriented
- -Editing of harddisk bootsector
-
- DL II is completely GEM based and will run on any Atari-ST model in
- medium or high resolution.
-
- I (Simon Poole) make no warranty of any kind in respect to this manual
- and the software described in this manual. The user assumes all risk
- as to the quality and performance of this product. In no event will I
- be liable for direct, indirect, incidental or consequential damages
- resulting from any defect in the performance and use of this product.
-
- GETTING STARTED
-
- II.1 Running DL II
-
- Copy the files DLII.PRG and DLII.RSC to a undamaged disk or harddisk
- partition. DL II trys to uses the a filename mask of the form
- DLII*.RSC to search for the resource file, so it will load the first
- file fitting this specification in the search path.
-
- To run DL II double click on DLII.PRG, if you don't want an automatic
- diskcheck performed after most operations, deselect Autocheck in the
- Options menu (the default value is not to perform a diskcheck).
-
- II.2 Terminology
-
- A sector is the smallest entity on a disk from the view of the BIOS
- (Basic Input Output System). On the ST a sector is normally 512 bytes
- large. Sectors are numbered from zero (normally the so-called
- bootsector) to the maximum amount of sectors on the device minus one.
-
- A cluster is the smallest unit of diskspace allocated for files on the
- disk by GEMDOS. On the ST a cluster is normally two sectors.
-
- The FAT (File Allocation Table) keeps track of which clusters are
- allocated to which file.
-
- II.3 Implementation Restrictions
-
- The current version of DL II will only handle a sector size of 512
- bytes and a maximum cluster size of two sectors. Possibly future
- versions will support a cluster size of 4 (MS-DOS harddisks).
-
- II.4 Command Overview
-
- The functions of DL II can be divided into three groups: commands
- which access the disk via the information in the device's bootsector;
- commands which do not need a correct bootsector; and commands that
- are not disk related. Do not try to use any of the functions which
- use the bootsector information on a disk with a corrupted bootsector!
-
- Use bootsector:
- Menu Disk:
- View/Edit... View and edit the disk on a sector by
- sector basis (see II.5 View/Edit dialog box).
- Menu File:
- Files... Select files for a following operation
- (see II.6 Files dialog box).
- Check... Perform a diskcheck on the current device.
-
- These commands will also be preceded by a diskcheck, if Auto-
- check is enabled in the Options menu.
-
- Don't use bootsector:
- Menu Disk:
- Change Disk... Change the current device.
- View/Edit Bootsector View/Edit the bootsector of the current
- device.
-
- If the bootsector of the current device has been damaged, it
- may be possible to fix it with the edit function.
-
- Non-disk commands:
- Menu File:
- Chain to ReOrg... Terminate DL II and start ReOrg.PRG,
- please consult appendix A.
- Quit Terminate DL II.
-
- II.5 The View/Edit dialog box
-
- This dialog box is used by:
- Disk: View/Edit, View/Edit Bootsector
- Files: View/Edit, Unerase
- Depending on the actual function you are using, some or all of the
- buttons will be disabled. The number in the top right hand corner
- tells you which logical sector/cluster you are working on. The number
- is always relative to sector zero of the current disk or the first
- cluster of the file.
-
- To leave the View/Edit dialog press <Return> or select Exit. A point
- to note is that in the ASCII display NUL and @ are mapped to space. If
- you want to enter these to characters use the hexadecimal part of the
- display.
-
- II.5.1 Horizontal slider
-
- The left and right arrows decrease/increase the current sector/cluster
- number by one. A single click in the grey part of the slider bar will
- decrease/increase the number by 10. The slider can also be dragged to
- any position.
-
- To position the slider at an absolute position, double click the bar
- and enter the sector/cluster number in the dialog box. All elements in
- the horizontal slider autorepeat if the mouse-button is pressed for a
- longer time.
-
- II.5.2 Vertical slider
-
- The vertical slider, bar and arrows work exactlly the same as in GEM
- windows, with the execption that all elements autorepeat if the
- mouse-button is pressed for a longer time.
-
- II.5.3 Search function
-
- A single click on the search button will call up a dialog box, where
- you can enter the string you want to search for in normal ASCII form
- (case sensitive!) or as a hexadecimal number. If a match is found, the
- first character of the string is inverted for ten seconds, a keypress
- or a mouse click returns you immediately. To continue from the current
- postion double click the search button. If no match is found the last
- partial match is displayed.
-
- II.5.4 Copy function
-
- To copy a sector/cluster to a different position in the disk/file
- select Copy and enter the new position in the dialog box.
-
- II.5.5 Add function
-
- The Add button is only used by the file Unerase function. Please
- consult the chapter on that.
-
- II.5.6 Editing
-
- To edit a sector/cluster: single click in the ASCII or hexadecimal
- part of the dialog box. A cursor will appear which can be moved with
- the cursor keys. Text or numbers entered will effect both parts of the
- display immediatly. Press <Return> to exit from edit mode. If you
- decide not to write to disk the contents of the internal buffer will
- NOT be updated, so you can move to a different part of the
- cluster/sector and carry on with editing. To reread the sector/cluster
- from disk, double click in the ASCII or hexadecimal part of the
- display.
-
- II.6 The File menu
-
- II.6.1 The Files dialog box
-
- This dialog form works much the same as the standard GEM fileselector.
- Differences: all parts of the vertical slider auto-repeat, only the
- actual filename is selectable. To return from a subdirectory (folder)
- to its parent directory, select the '..' entry.
-
- II.6.2 Chain to ReOrg
-
- If you are using DL II from the GEM-Desktop, this command will
- immediately terminate DL II and start ReOrg.PRG (if ReOrg.PRG is in
- the current desktop search path).
-
- II.6.3 Quit
-
- Terminate DL II immediately.
-
- II.7 The Disk menu
-
- II.7.1 Check
-
- Selecting the Check command will start a check of all the files and
- directories on the current drive, things that are checked:
- -lost clusters (clusters that are marked as used, but do not
- belong to a file or directory)
- -crosslinked clusters (clusters that are used by two different
- files)
- -bad directory entries (zero length files, first cluster out
- of range)
- -other catastropic errors in file allocation
-
- Once the check is finished a dialog form will show the results of the
- operation. If DL II finds something wrong with the disk structure, it
- will show that in this dialog. If DL II can fix the problem, the Fix
- button will be enabled. To get a printout of the results, select the
- Protocol button. You will notice that bad directory entries to not
- cause the Fix button to be enabled, please use the Protocol option to
- find out what is causing the trouble and delete the appropriate file
- if necessary.
-
- The format of the Protocol file list is:
- Filename Attribute Start-Cluster Filesize Error-Message
-
- The Fix command will truncate files to avoid crosslinked clusters and
- generate files of the form 99999999.FIX (where 99999999 is a unique
- number) in the root directory out of lost clusters. Since only unused
- (and not deleted) entries are used, there is a limit to the number of
- files that can be generated. If you have problems with this, you can
- change deleted entries into unused entries by changing the first
- letter of the filename from $E5 (σ) to $00, but be careful this also
- marks the end of used entries in the directory!
-
- IMPORTANT: DON'T USE THE FIX FUNCTION WITHOUT MAKING AN IMAGE BACKUP
- OF THE DISK FIRST!
-
- II.8 The Options menu
-
- If Autocheck is enabled every time the current disk is changed or an
- operation is performed which may change the disk, a diskcheck
- operation is performed.
-
- Appendix A: ReOrg, a disk reorganizer
-
- IMPORTANT: REORG IS NOT A STANDALONE PROGRAM! YOU NEED AT LEAST
- ANIMAGE BACKUP PROGRAM AND A DISKCHECK PROGRAM BEFORE YOU CAN USE IT!
-
- IMPORTANT: ALWAYS, ALWAYS MAKE AN IMAGE BACKUP OF YOUR DISK BEFORE
- RUNNING REORG ON IT!
-
- ReOrg improves disk performance on harddisk and floppys through better
- placement of subdirectories and their files on disk and through
- defragmentation of the files themselves. It will also remove deleted
- and zero length entries.
-
- As the actual reorganizing is NOT an incremental process, during the
- time from the start of the reorganization to the end of it your disk
- is in an unusable condition (at least from the viewpoint of the
- operating system). This means, that a power failure, computer
- malfunction, disk error or program failure during the reorganization
- will leave you with a corrupted disk!
-
- To run ReOrg, backup your disk, run the diskcheck program on it (DL II
- will work ok) and ONLY run ReOrg after all crosslinked and lost
- clusters have been disposed of! ReOrg has NO protection against
- incorrect disks and will probably run into an infinite loop if you do
- not take these precautions!
-
- After you have run ReOrg and reorganized your disk, the computer will
- reboot. This is normal and serves the purpose of reinitilizing the TOS
- internal directory tree.
-
- How ReOrg rebuilds your disk:
- 'Every (sub)directory is immediately followed by all the files
- it owns, followed by all the subdirectories it is parent of.
- Using the last sentence recursively, the place of every file on
- the disk is determined now'
- (from the Reformat manual by Jos Wennmacker)
-
- This also implies that after you have reorganized your disk, the
- amount of clusters ReOrg reports it has to move after a bit of work on
- the disk will be quite large. I would recommend not using ReOrg again
- before the performance of your disk actually drops.
-