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- Minit is a minix filesystem initialiser. It behaves like a very cut down
- version of 'mkfs'. A TOS disk or hard drive partition can be turned into
- a minix partition or disk simply by doing a 'minit A:' or whatever drive
- you want the filesystem on. NB THIS WILL TOTALLY AND IRRETRIEVABLY WIPE
- THE DRIVE YOU SELECT. If you want to experiment try it on floppies before
- comitting your hard disk.
-
- This is all very well, however if you try to access a minix
- partition without MiNT or minix.xfs present then TOS will quite happily
- write all over it and probably trash it. There are ways round this and
- that is what the -Z and -P options are for. With neither of these options
- the filesystem looks like a TOS filesystem to GEMDOS and can be trashed.
- These options make the disk look like a valid TOS partition with a full
- root directory, any attempt to write to the drive fails because it can't
- create a new filename, also the name 'MINIXFS' is shown when checking the
- volume name of the drive in question under GEMDOS (i.e. no minix.xfs
- running), this should make it impossible for GEMDOS to normally write to
- the partition, but since it looks like a TOS partition all driver software
- should be happy. If you want to change an already existing filesystem to
- this '-P' form use the '-p' option, this shouldn't harm an already existing
- Minix partition or a TOS one (which it will refuse to change) but just in
- case it still puts up the warning and requires confirmation. Note the '-p'
- option currently only works with 512 byte sectors, thus if you want to use
- protection with larger sector sizes you must specify this when the filesystem
- is created.
-
- Note: The -Z option now does the same as the -P option (and -z the same as
- -p). This is because the old -Z functionalty upsets AHDI and certain minixfs
- installation software (which has nothing to do with me) uses -Z as the default.
-
- A question which arises is: how do you get minix.xfs to read an already
- existing minix partition if your driver software doesn't like the zeroed
- BPB which is the default for Minix mkfs? Currently you have two options,
- borrow some other driver software that works in your setup and do a
- 'minit -p' on the unreadable partitions, or compile the 'fixup.c' program
- provided under Minix, then simply do a 'fixup /dev/hd2' or whatever under
- Minix.
-
- One potential snag with all methods is if you use a very early version
- of 'mkfs' under minix. Version 1.1 zeroed the whole boot sector of the minix
- partition. This is very bad news indeed, and will probably make such a minix
- partition inaccessbile to *any* driver software. The best thing to do is to
- restore the partition to TOS (if your hard disk software allows you to restore
- single partitions) and use 'minit -P' to initialise the partition, then
- restore the partition from backup, alternatively you could use a later mkfs
- followed by the 'fixup' program supplied. A quick and dirty solution is to copy
- the boot sector from another TOS partition, preferably one the same size,
- under minix a suitable command to do this is :
- dd if=/dev/hd1 of=/dev/hd3 count=1
- where 'hd1' is the TOS partition and 'hd3' is the (unreadable) minix partition,
- then if your driver will tolerate the partitions now (and if it wont please
- let me know), do a minit -p on the relevant partitions, or fixup if you prefer,
- so that the partitons are protected.
-
- The '-V' option creates a V2 filesystem, this is the new alternative
- Minix filesystem format which has a couple of advantages over the old one.
- If you have Minix you will need to patch it up to 1.6xxxx to recognise V2.
- First it supports the atime,mtime,ctime fields whereas the old V1 system only
- supports mtime. Also it uses longs for block references, this theoretically
- makes it possible to have *very* large filesystems without the need to bump
- up the sector size in the manner AHDI has to with BGM partitions. There is a
- snag however, many kinds of partitioning software will not permit you to
- have very big partitions without a large sector size, what you do here depends
- on the driver software, you could try modifying the sector size in the boot
- sector of such a partition. However there is no way for 'minit' to recognise
- the size of huge partitions so you will have to manually pass the number of
- blocks to 'minit' with the '-b' option. Also your driver software must support
- the 'extended Rwabs' system call to work properly under such circumstances,
- AHDI 3.1 and later does and later ICD software also does, if in doubt try the
- '-t' option with 'minit' on an arbitrary GEM partition of your hard disk,
- this just checks for the 'extended Rwabs' by saying if the extra 'Lrecno'
- parameter is present or not. If 'Lrecno' is not supported you can't use huge
- filesystems, try with a newer version of the disk software.
-
- Most driver software has a silly bug that makes using huge partitions
- tricky (from a programming point of view). Look in the file readme.60 for
- more info on the work arounds added to pl3++.
-
- Finally the '-n' option. This allows the use of longer filenames.
- Quite often filenames get truncated so that 14 characters mixed case isn't
- enough. So what I've done is to increase the directory entry size and make
- version 0.53 and above of the filesystem automatically sense it and act
- accordingly. What this means is that if you use the '-n' option then the
- maximum filename size increases from 14 to 16*d-2, where 'd' is the number
- following the '-n' option. d must be a power of two and lie between 1 and
- 16 (inclusive). 1 is normal and is the default. With 2 you get 30 character
- filenames which should be enough for most applications. When minix.xfs
- is compiled the option MAX_INCREMENT specifies the largest value for the
- increment (that is the number following '-n' to minit) that can be handled.
- You should note that TOS specifies a maximum path name length of about 128
- characters (64 for early versions of TOS) and so programs may well expect
- pathnames to be smaller than this . As a result making the increment bigger
- than say 4 is not a good idea.
-
- NBB Minix itself does ***NOT*** recognise these larger filename filesystems
- and will be very confused by them. It may be possible to persuade Minix to
- tolerate bigger filenames by altering the relevant parameters in the directory
- structure and recompiling everything in sight (libraries, fs, kernel, mm and
- all the tools). However this will then mean it wont handle the original
- filesystem type and be confused by that ... However you could just recompile
- a few useful tools like fsck to repair the long filename filesystems. Note,
- at this time I haven't tried this !
-