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- HOW TO START A SMALL BUSINESS 8/96
-
- Starting and managing a business takes motivation, desire and
- talent. It also takes research and planning.
-
- Like a chess game, success in small business starts with decisive
- and correct opening moves. And although initial mistakes are not
- fatal, it takes skill, discipline and hard work to regain the
- advantage.
-
- To increase your chance for success, take the time up front to
- explore and evaluate your business and personal goals. Then use
- this information to build a comprehensive and well-thought-out
- business plan that will help you reach these goals.
-
- The process of developing a business plan will help you think
- through some important issues that you may not have considered
- yet. Your plan will become a valuable tool as you set out to
- raise money for your business. It should also provide milestones
- to gauge your success.
-
- Getting Started
-
- Before starting out, list your reasons for wanting to go into
- business. Some of the most common reasons for starting a business
- are:
-
- * You want to be your own boss.
- * You want financial independence.
- * You want creative freedom.
- * You want to fully use your skills and knowledge.
-
- Next you need to determine what business is "right for you." Ask
- yourself these questions:
-
- * What do I like to do with my time?
- * What technical skills have I learned or developed?
- * What do others say I am good at?
- * Will I have the support of my family?
- * How much time do I have to run a successful business?
- * Do I have any hobbies or interests that are marketable?
-
- Then you should identify the niche your business will fill.
- Conduct the necessary research to answer these questions:
-
- * What business am I interested in starting?
- * What services or products will I sell?
- * Is my idea practical, and will it fill a need?
- * What is my competition?
- * What is my business's advantage over existing firms?
- * Can I deliver a better quality service?
- * Can I create a demand for my business?
-
- The final step before developing your plan is the pre-business
- checklist. You should answer these questions:
-
- * What skills and experience do I bring to the business?
- * What will be my legal structure?
- * How will my company's business records be maintained?
- * What insurance coverage will be needed?
- * What equipment or supplies will I need?
- * How will I compensate myself?
- * What are my resources?
- * What financing will I need?
- * Where will my business be located?
- * What will I name my business?
-
- Your answers will help you create a focused, well-researched
- business plan. that should serve as a blueprint. It should
- detail how the business will be operated, managed and
- capitalized.
-
- The following outline of a typical business plan can serve as a
- guide, but you should adapt it to your specific business. We
- recommend that you break down the plan into several components.
- This allows you to work on several sections at a time.
-
- Business Plan Outline
-
- Introduction
- * Give a detailed description of the business and its goals.
- * Discuss the ownership of the business and the legal
- structure.
- * List the skills and experience you bring to the business.
- * Discuss the advantages you and your business have over your
- competitors.
-
- Marketing
- * Discuss the products/services offered.
- * Identify the customer demand for your product/service.
- * Identify your market, its size and locations.
- * Explain how your product/service will be advertised and
- marketed.
- * Explain the pricing strategy.
-
- Financial Management
- * Explain the source and amount of initial equity capital.
- * Develop a monthly operating budget for the first year.
- * Develop an expected return on investment, or ROI, and
- monthly cash flow for the first year.
- * Provide projected income statements and balance sheets for a
- two-year period.
- * Discuss your break-even point.
- * Explain your personal balance sheet and method of
- compensation.
- * Discuss who will maintain your accounting records and how
- they will be kept.
- * Provide "what if" statements that address alternative
- approaches to any problem that may develop.
-
- Operations
- * Explain how the business will be managed on a day-to-day
- basis.
- * Discuss hiring and personnel procedures.
- * Discuss insurance, lease or rent agreements, and issues
- pertinent to your business.
- * Account for the equipment necessary to produce your products
- or services.
- * Account for production and delivery of products and
- services.
-
- Concluding Statement
- * Summarize your business goals and objectives and express
- your commitment to the success of your business.
-
- Once you have completed your business plan, review it with a friend
- or business associate. When you feel comfortable with the content and
- structure, make an appointment to review and discuss it with your
- banker. The business plan is a flexible document that should change
- as your business grows.
-
-
- For More Information
-
- Information is power. Make it your business to know what is available,
- where to get it and, most importantly, how to use it.
-
- Sources of information include:
-
- U.S. Small Business Administration
- * SBA District Offices
- * Small Business Development Centers (SBDCs)
- * Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE)
- * SBA OnLine (electronic bulletin board)
- * Business Information Centers (BICs)
-
- The SBA has offices located throughout the United States. For the
- one nearest you, look under "U.S. Government" in your telephone
- directory, or call the SBA Answer Desk at (800) 8-ASK-SBA. To send
- a fax to the SBA, dial (202) 205-7064. For the hearing impaired,
- the TDD number is (704) 344-6640.
-
- To access the agency's electronic public information services,
- you may call the following:
-
- SBA OnLine: electronic bulletin board - modem and computer
- required
- (800) 697-4636 (limited access)
- (900) 463-4636 (full access)
- (202) 401-9600 (D.C. metro area)
- Internet: using uniform resource locators (URLs)
- SBA Home Page: http://www.sba.gov
- SBA gopher: gopher://gopher.sba.gov
- File transfer protocol: ftp://ftp.sba.gov
- Telnet: telnet://sbaonline.sba.gov
- U.S. Business Advisor: http://www.business.gov
-
- You also may request a free copy of The Resource Directory for
- Small Business Management, a listing of for-sale publications and
- videotapes, from your local SBA office or the SBA Answer Desk.
-
- Other Sources
- * State economic development agencies
- * Chambers of commerce
- * Local colleges and universities
- * Libraries
- * Manufacturers and suppliers of small business products and
- services
- * Small business or industry trade associations
-
-
- Did you know the SBA ...
-
- * Has a portfolio guaranteeing over $27 billion in loans to
- 185,000 small businesses that otherwise would not have had such
- access to capital?
- * Guaranteed over 60,000 loans totaling $9.9 billion to America's
- small businesses in fiscal year 1995?
- * Last year extended management and technical assistance to nearly
- 1 million small businesses through its 950 Small Business Develop-
- ment Centers and 13,000 Service Corps of Retired Executives
- volunteers?
- * Provided more than 45,000 loans totaling $1.2 billion to disaster
- victims for residential, personal property, as well as business
- losses in fiscal year 1995?
- * Has 7,000 private sector lenders as partners providing their
- capital to small business?
- * Has increased its venture capital program with more private
- capital in the past two years than in the previous 15 years
- combined?
- * Provides loan guarantees and technical assistance to small business
- exporters through U.S. Export Assistance Centers in 15 cities?
- * Can respond to written small business questions through the U.S.
- Business Advisor on the Internet (http://www.business.gov)?
-
- All of the SBA's programs and services are provided to the public
- on a nondiscriminatory basis.
-
- FS0056 (8/96)
-