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HARD DRIVE TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS *************************************************************************** INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 INSTALLATION TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ST412/506 interface drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 17XX error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 SCSI interface drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 SCSI error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Your drive does not power up . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 FORMAT TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Errors encountered in low-level format . . . . . . . . 10 Configuring your AT system setup . . . . . . . . . 10 2-digit error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Formatting takes an unreasonably long time . . . . 12 System hangs when you enter the debug address . . 13 "Drive fails recal or test drive ready" error in Disk Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 I/O errors in Disk Manager . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 15 Errors encountered in FDISK or partitioning . . . . . . 16 Errors encountered in the high-level format . . . . . . 17 "Invalid drive specification" error message . . . 17 "Track 0 bad, disk unusable" error message . . . . 18 "Insert diskette for drive C:" in an XT system . . 19 Additional format troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Trouble getting the full capacity of the drive . . 20 "Disk boot failure" error message when trying to boot from the hard drive . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Unable to access any partition beyond the C: partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Unable to access the second physical drive . . . . 23 Bad sectors reported in CHKDSK . . . . . . . . . . 24 Jumper settings for the ST4096 and ST4144R . . . . 25 APPENDIX - Where else to go for help . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 APPENDIX - Dynamic Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 APPENDIX - Drive types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 APPENDIX - Disk Manager Walk-Thru - Manual Mode . . . . . . 29 INTRODUCTION The following information is for general reference. It is not intended to be a complete reference to computer or hard disc drive service information. If you need assistance or further information, please contact your dealer. INSTALLATION TROUBLESHOOTING CAUTION: BE CERTAIN THAT ANY DRIVE CONTAINING DATA IS FULLY BACKED UP BEFORE YOU BEGIN TROUBLESHOOTING. THESE PROCEDURES MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF DATA. Do not touch any board components or connectors without observing static-discharge precautions. Use a grounded wrist strap or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal chassis of your system before handling any components. Before removing the system cover to perform troubleshooting procedures, turn off the system and disconnect the power from the computer. The following procedures may require opening your system and removing or installing components. If you are not comfortable doing these things, you may want to consult a qualified PC technician. 4 ST412/506 interface drives General information PLEASE BACK UP ANY DATA YOU MAY HAVE STORED ON YOUR DRIVE BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY OF THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES. THESE PROCEDURES COULD RESULT IN PARTIAL OR COMPLETE LOSS OF DATA. If your drive is installed and formatted properly and it still does not work, the following is a list of possible problem areas to check: Make sure all cables are securely attached and not stressed or pinched by other devices in the system. Check that the stripe down one side of each cable is lined up with pin 1 on the controller card. Make sure that no pins are bent or sticking out of the cables. Make sure that the drive is powered up with a power cable from the power supply. Can you hear the drive power up when you turn the system on? See page 8 for information on power problems. Check that the controller card is fitted securely into the slot on the motherboard. You may want to try another slot in the computer. 5 17XX error messages If you are getting a 1700 error message upon booting the system, it may be due to one of the following common errors: 1790 is an error on disc 1, your C: drive. This error is nothing to worry about in a new installation, it simply means that your drive needs to be formatted. 1791 is the same message referring to your second hard drive. 1780 errors usually refer to your cabling and drive select - check these again! This error refers to your first drive. 1781 is the same message referring to your second hard drive. 1701 and 1780/1781 errors can mean many things. Basically, they mean that the system does not recognize your hard drive. These errors are commonly caused by a mistake in installation. Make sure the drive select jumper is installed in the correct position on your drive or try your controller in another slot. Check that the cables are correctly attached and that the drive is getting the proper power from your system power supply. If, after verifying that the installation is correct, you still get a 1701, 1780, or 1781 error, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to determine which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 6 SCSI interface drives General information PLEASE BACK UP ANY DATA YOU MAY HAVE STORED ON YOUR DRIVE BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY OF THE FOLLOWING TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES. THESE PROCEDURES COULD RESULT IN PARTIAL OR COMPLETE LOSS OF DATA. If your drive is installed and formatted properly and it still does not work, the following is a list of possible problem areas to check: If your Seagate SCSI drive is in an AT system and you are getting a 1700 error message upon booting the system, remove the drive from the CMOS setup in your AT. No drive type is required for SCSI drives. In other words, set the drive type to 0 or NONE installed. Make sure the 50-pin cable is securely attached and not stressed or pinched by other devices in the system. Check that the stripe down one side of the cable is lined up with pin 1 on the host adapter. Make sure that no pins are bent or sticking out of the cable. Pin 1 is often identified by a square solder pad on the circuit boards. Make sure that the drive is powered up with a power cable from the power supply. Can you hear the drive power up when you turn the system on? See page 8 for information on power problems. Check that the host adapter is fitted securely into the slot on the motherboard. You may want to try another slot in the computer. 7 SCSI error messages If you are getting error messages such as "No SCSI device found" or "0 hard drives present" upon booting the system, check your installation by consulting your installation manuals or your dealer. If you verified that the installation is correct, try individually swapping the 50-pin SCSI cable, the host adapter, or the drive, to verify which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. If error messages such as "Mode sense error," "Inquiry error," or "Adapter self-test failed" occur when booting or your drive issues a series of one to seven flashes from the drive's front- panel LED on power-up, it is likely that your drive is defective. Contact your dealer for repair and warranty information. 8 Your drive does not power up If your drive is malfunctioning or you do not hear the drive power-up when you turn on your system, you should check the following conditions: Make sure you are getting adequate power to the drive, as described below. You must be able to supply the drive with the maximum power required at power on. See drive specifications for your drive power requirements. You can verify that the drive is getting power by measuring the voltage on the drive PC board with a voltmeter. The power connector from the power supply to your hard disc has four wire connections. The two inside connections are grounds and are black in color. One of the outside wires is red in color and provides the +5 volt source. This voltage should be between 4.8 and 5.2 VDC. The other outside write is usually yellow in color and provides the +12 volt source. This voltage should be between 11.5 and 12.6 VDC. You can also check the drive by plugging it into another system with a known good power supply to verify that it functions. If your drive is receiving the proper power, it should then power-on. If the drive is not working, contact your dealer for repair and warranty information. 9 FORMAT TROUBLESHOOTING CAUTION: BE CERTAIN THAT ANY DRIVE CONTAINING DATA IS FULLY BACKED UP BEFORE YOU BEGIN TROUBLESHOOTING. THESE PROCEDURES MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF DATA. Do not touch any board components or connectors without observing static-discharge precautions. Use a grounded wrist strap or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal chassis of your system before handling any components. Before removing the system cover to perform troubleshooting procedures, turn off the system and disconnect the power from the computer. The following procedures may require opening your system and removing or installing components. If you are not comfortable doing these things, you may want to consult a qualified PC technician. 10 Errors encountered in low-level format Configuring your AT system setup To properly format, you must enter the correct drive type for your Seagate drive in your system setup. See page 28 for a list of common drive types for Seagate drives. If you are using Disk Manager to format your drive and are having trouble getting the drive parameters setup correctly, change the drive type listing in your system setup. Disk Manager usually selects the correct drive type for your system, but you need to first remove any old drive type listing from your system setup. Go into your setup routine and specify that there is "No hard drive installed" - sometimes this is done by entering a type 0. Save this setup then power your system down. Then you can power up your system and run Disk Manager to choose the correct setup type for your drive. Your system should now be configured properly. 11 2-digit error codes The following is a brief explanation of the more common 2-digit error codes: An error code 80 is a time-out error. Error code 40 is a seek failure. An error code 20 is an invalid command or a controller failure. All of these errors indicate an installation or format problem or a faulty component. Check your drive installation, make sure that the cables are correctly and securely attached, the drive select jumper is installed in the proper position, and that the controller is correctly installed. Also make sure that you used the correct parameters in the low-level format. Check that the drive is getting the proper power. To isolate the problem to a specific component, individually swap the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to verify which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 12 Formatting takes an unreasonably long time A format that takes too long or never concludes can result when the drive parameters are incorrectly entered during the debug procedure. If your low-level format routine asks if you wish to "dynamically configure the drive," enter "y" for yes. See page 27 for a list of dynamic configuration parameters for Seagate drives. If these parameters were entered correctly and the problem persists, check your drive installation. Make sure the cables are properly attached and that the jumpers are correctly installed. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to verify which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 13 System hangs when you enter the debug address The system will hang when you enter the debug command if the wrong address is entered or if the controller's address is conflicting with the memory location of another card in the system. Check the address jumpers on the controller card. Contact your dealer or the controller manufacturer, or see your controller card or host adapter documentation for further information on address jumper settings. 14 "Drive fails recal or test drive ready" error in Disk Manager The "drive fails recal or test drive ready" error is commonly caused by a mistake in installation. Make sure the drive select jumper is installed in the correct position. Check that the cables are correctly attached and that the drive is getting the proper power. If, after verifying that the installation is correct, you still get this error, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to determine which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 15 I/O errors in Disk Manager If you encounter an occasional "Uncorrectable ECC - I/O error" message during the initialization while using Disk Manager, don't worry. This simply means that the program has found and mapped out an error on the disk surface. You will receive a "No record found - I/O error" message if you try to verify a drive that has not yet been initialized. If you receive an "Unrecoverable I/O error" message or other I/O error message on every cylinder and head, there are several possible causes. If you are formatting a drive in an XT or are using an 8-bit controller in an AT, you should low-level format the drive through debug using the controller's BIOS format routine. See your controller or host adapter documentation for further information on formatting through debug. In an AT system using a 16-bit controller, I/O errors may occur if the drive type entered in your system setup is not the correct type for your hard drive. Run Disk Manager in "manual mode" or use your system's setup routine to change the drive type. For a step-by-step walk-through using Disk Manager in the manual mode, see page 29. See page 28 for a list of common AT drive types for Seagate drives. If you ran Disk Manager in "manual mode" and were unsuccessful, you should verify that your installation is correct. Make sure your cables are installed correctly. If you still receive I/O errors, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to verify which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 16 Errors encountered in FDISK or partitioning FDISK is a DOS partitioning program found on your DOS diskette. FDISK will partition your drive into one DOS partition and one extended DOS partition depending on your version of DOS. Please note that DOS 3.2 or lower does not create extended DOS partitions and cannot partition drives over 32 MB. If you have a drive which is greater than 32 MB and do not have DOS 3.3 or higher, you will need to partition the drive with Disk Manager or another partitioning software. If you encounter an error in FDISK such as "Error reading fixed disk" or "No fixed disk present" or the system hangs in FDISK, check the following: Check your installation - make sure the cables are installed properly, the drive select jumper is in the correct position, and the controller or host adapter is correctly installed. Verify that the low-level format was successful and that the correct parameters were used. If your low-level format routine asks if you wish to "dynamically configure" the drive and you need the correct parameters to enter, see page 27 for a list of the Seagate drive parameters. If, after verifying that your installation is correct and the low-level format was performed correctly, you still have trouble in FDISK, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to determine which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 17 Errors encountered in the high-level format "Invalid drive specification" error message To verify that the drive partitioning was performed successfully, run FDISK and display your partitions. If you receive a message such as "No partitions defined," you need to create your partition table with FDISK, Disk Manager, or another partitioning software. Consult your DOS manual for further FDISK information. If you have already defined your partitions and receive the "Invalid drive specification" error message, recreate your partition table, then power the system down before attempting a high-level format. If you still receive an "Invalid drive specification" error, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to determine which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 18 "Track 0 bad, disk unusable" error message If you are using DOS version 3.1 and receive the error message "Track 0 bad, disk unusable" at the end of the high-level format, don't worry. You will need to edit the buffers statement in your CONFIG.SYS file to read BUFFERS=99. Then you may reboot the system and your high-level format will complete successfully. If the error still occurs or you are not using DOS 3.1, verify that the low-level format was successfully completed and that the correct drive parameters were used. If your low-level format routine asks you to "dynamically configure" the drive and you need the correct Seagate drive parameters, see page 27. If the low-level format was performed properly and you still have trouble, you may have a faulty component. To isolate the problem to a specific component, try individually swapping the cables, controller, and drive. You may also try your drive in another system to verify which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 19 "Insert diskette for drive C:" in an XT system If you receive the message "Insert diskette for drive C:" at the beginning of the high-level format, the jumper settings on the motherboard of your XT are probably incorrect. Consult your computer system manual or your dealer for more information. 20 Additional format troubleshooting Trouble getting the full capacity of the drive If you are formatting your drive in an XT system or in an AT with an 8-bit controller and are not getting the full capacity of your drive, you may need to do the low-level format through the controller's debug format routine. You must enter the correct parameters for your drive. Contact your dealer or the controller manufacturer, or see your controller or host adapter documentation for instructions for formatting through debug. See page 27 for the correct parameters to enter for dynamic configuration of Seagate drives. If you are using Disk Manager to format your drive in an AT and your drive is a non-standard drive, that is, one that does not have a corresponding entry in your machine's system setup, Disk Manager will compensate by allowing partitions to utilize the drive's full capacity. These partitions will be handled by the Disk Manager device driver, DMDRVR.BIN. The DOS partition on a non-standard disk can use only the part of the disk depicted by the BIOS ROM for the particular drive type you have chosen. Therefore, if you have a drive which does not have a drive type entry with the correct number of heads, the DOS partition will waste disk space. If the head count mismatch is severe, only a very small DOS partition would be possible without wasting a significant portion of the capacity. This limitation does not apply to partitions handled by the Disk Manager device driver, such as a Write/Read partition. In other words, if you have a head/cylinder count mismatch, you should create a small DOS partition. You can then use all of the remaining cylinders of the disk for any other partitions. You must invoke Disk Manager in the "manual mode" with DM /M to control these choices. See page 29 for a step-by-step walk-through using Disk Manager in the manual mode. If you are not using Disk Manager and are having trouble getting the full capacity of your drive, check that you are using the correct drive type in your system setup. If there is no drive type which exactly matches your drive parameters, you need to use Disk Manager or other partitioning software or upgrade your system BIOS to reach the full capacity. 21 "Disk boot failure" error message when trying to boot from the hard drive If you cannot boot from the hard drive, but you can boot from the floppy and then access the hard drive, this means your operating system was not correctly installed on your hard drive. Follow these steps to solve this problem: Place your DOS boot disk in the A: drive. At the A> prompt, type "SYS C:" and press <enter>. After a few seconds, a message should appear saying "System transferred." At the A> prompt, type "COPY COMMAND.COM C:" and press <enter>. These procedures will copy the files necessary to make your drive bootable. If you are still unable to boot from the hard drive and you used DOS to format and partition your drive, enter FDISK and make sure the C: partition is active. If you used Disk Manager to format and partition your drive, insert the Disk Manager disk in the A: drive, and at the A> prompt, type "DM /M," choose "P" for Partitioning and make sure that your first partition say "DOS" under Type and "Y" under Boot and that the partition has been prepared. BE SURE TO BACK UP ANY DATA STORED ON YOUR HARD DRIVE BEFORE FORMATTING YOUR DRIVE. FORMATTING AT ANY LEVEL IS ALMOST CERTAIN TO RESULT IN PARTIAL OR COMPLETE LOSS OF DATA. If your system still will not boot, insert your DOS disk in the A: drive, and at the A> prompt type "FORMAT C: /S" and press <enter>. If you used Disk Manager to format your drive, you will need to install the device driver on your C: drive in order to access additional partitions. When formatting has completed, insert your Disk Manager disk in the A: drive and at the A> prompt type "COPY CONFIG.SYS C:" and press <enter>. Then type, at the A> prompt, "COPY DMDRVR.BIN C:." You will now have a copy of the Disk Manager device driver in your C: drive root directory and an entry in your CONFIG.SYS file which reads "DEVICE=DMDRVR.BIN." Now boot the system from the hard disc. Directory commands directed at all partitions should operate correctly and CHKDSK should display the correct information as well. 22 Unable to access any partition beyond the C: partition The reason you cannot access other partitions is that either the program failed to correctly copy the CONFIG.SYS file to your C: drive root directory or you accidentally copied over your old CONFIG.SYS file when you restored your backed up files. In either case, if you are using Disk Manager, place the disk in the A: drive and type, at the A> prompt, "DMCFIG" and press <enter>. This program will check that you have fulfilled the two requirements for accessing the secondary partitions on boot-up: (1) Your CONFIG.SYS file must contain an entry which reads "DEVICE=DMDRVR.BIN;" (2) The DMDRVR.BIN file must be copied to the root directory of your C: drive. You should now be able to access all other partitions after booting to the C: drive. If you are using another partitioning software, you will need to contact the manufacturer or your dealer for further information. If you have checked and these two conditions have been met and you still cannot access the D: drive, be certain that you have completed the preparation part of the Disk Manager program. At the A> prompt, type "DM /M" and select "P" for Partitioning to check the partition table. BE SURE TO BACK UP ANY DATA YOU MAY HAVE STORED ON THE HARD DRIVE BEFORE PREPARING OR FORMATTING YOUR DRIVE. FORMATTING AT ANY LEVEL IS ALMOST CERTAIN TO RESULT IN PARTIAL OR COMPLETE LOSS OF DATA. If you used DOS to create the partitions, make certain that you formatted each of the partitions that you created. Consult your DOS manual for further information. 23 Unable to access the second physical drive If you cannot access your second physical hard drive and your first drive was NOT formatted with Disk Manager, the following extra steps are required to enable your system to recognize the second drive: Disk Manager's device driver, DMDRVR.BIN, must reside in the root directory of you boot drive. This file must be copied from the Disk Manager diskette by typing, at the A> prompt, "COPY DMDRVR.BIN C:" and pressing <enter>. If your boot drive does not have a CONFIG.SYS file, you may also copy this file from the Disk Manager diskette. At the A> prompt, type "COPY CONFIG.SYS C:" and press <enter>. If your boot drive already has a CONFIG.SYS file, you will need to edit this file and add a line which reads "DEVICE=DMDRVR.BIN." If you have completed these steps, but your system still does not recognize the second hard drive, check to make sure you have removed the terminating resistor from the drive which is installed on the middle connector on your cable, or the drive nearest the controller card. If, after verifying that the installation is correct, you still cannot access your second drive, you may have a faulty component. Try swapping the position of your two hard drives, designating your second hard drive as the first. If the problem moves to your first drive, you may have a faulty drive. If the problem still occurs on the second drive, you may have a faulty controller. Also try another set of cables. You may want to try your drive in another system to determine which component is faulty. If you need more help isolating the problem, please contact your dealer. 24 Bad sectors reported in CHKDSK If you run CHKDSK on your hard disc and you notice that it reports a certain number of bytes in bad sectors, don't worry. CHKDSK is simply reporting the amount of capacity taken by the errors which were mapped out during the low-level format. The number of bytes in bad sectors may seem high to you, because 8.5 to 15.5 kilobytes are spared out for each error. This is normal. For example, 30 kilobytes in bad sectors only equals approximately 3 hard errors. 25 Jumper settings for the ST4096 and ST4144R Utilizing the following additional shorting jumpers will increase the performance of your ST4096 and ST4144R drives made in 1989. On the same jumper block as the drive select jumper, add an additional jumper at position 6. Directly behind the drive select jumper block is a 4-pin T-shaped header. Short the 2 pins in the middle. Directly behind the 4-pin T-shaped header, next to the copper or plastic tab, is a 3-pin jumper header. Place a shorting jumper on the 2 pins farthest from the copper or plastic tab. 26 APPENDIX - Where else to go for help The following is a list of telephone numbers for several controller and host adapter manufacturers. Please consult your dealer or these manufacturers for information on their products. These telephone numbers are provided for your convenience and should not be interpreted as an endorsement of these companies or their products. Adaptec 408/945-2550 DTC/Qume 408/262-7700 Future Domain 714/253-0400 NCL 408/734-1006 OMTI 408/954-1633 Seagate Technology 800/468-3472 Western Digital 800/832-4778 Xebec 800/982-3232 IBM 800/999-7778 Everex 415/498-1115 Perstor 602/894-4601 27 APPENDIX - Dynamic Parameters You may be asked to enter the following list of disc characteristics as a string when dynamically configuring your Seagate hard disc drive using DEBUG. Run the DEBUG program on your DOS disk and enter G=C800:5. If you are asked, "Are you dynamically configuring the drive?" answer "Y" for yes. You will then be asked to "Key in disk characteristics as follows: number of cylinders, number of heads, starting reduced write cylinder, write precomp cylinder, maximum correctable error burst length, and CCB option byte." These are the strings of parameters you will need for Seagate's drives: Drive Model Number Parameters ------------------ --------------------- ST225 615 4 616 300 11 3 ST225R 667 2 668 668 11 3 ST238R 615 4 616 616 11 3 ST250R 667 4 668 668 11 3 ST251 820 6 821 821 11 3 ST277R 820 6 821 821 11 3 ST4053 1024 5 1024 1024 11 3 ST4096 1024 9 1024 1024 11 3 ST4144R 1024 9 1024 1024 11 3 ST124 615 4 616 616 11 3 ST125 615 4 616 616 11 3 ST138 615 6 616 616 11 3 ST138R 615 4 616 616 11 3 ST151 977 5 978 978 11 3 ST157R 615 6 616 616 11 3 ST4026 615 4 616 300 11 6 ST4038 733 5 734 734 11 3 ST4038M 733 5 734 300 11 3 ST4051 977 5 978 978 11 3 ST212 306 4 307 153 11 3 ST213 615 2 616 300 11 3 ST406 306 2 307 128 11 3 ST412 306 4 307 128 11 3 ST419 306 6 307 128 11 3 ST425 306 8 307 128 11 3 ST506 153 4 128 128 11 0 28 APPENDIX - Drive types The following is a list of common drive types for Seagate drives: ST225/ST4026 2 ST251/ST277R 40 or 44; if your system does not support these types, use type 3 and Disk Manager ST4096/ST4144R 35; if your system does not support this type, use type 12 and Disk Manager ST125/ST138R/ST238R 6 ST4053 47; if your system does not support this type, use type 11 and Disk Manager ST4038/ST4038M 8 or 20 or 22 ST151/ST4051 17; if your system does not support this type, use type 11 and Disk Manager ST138/ST157R 3 ST212/ST412 1 When using 8-bit controllers and host adapters, such as the Seagate ST11R and ST11M, or the Seagate ST01 and ST02, the CMOS or system setup should be set to 0 or no hard drives installed. If you already have a hard drive in your system, do not change it's CMOS setup. If you are changing from one drive model to another, you should first run your system setup and delete the hard drive entry. Save this configuration and then switch off the power. When you now boot up, run your system setup and enter the new drive type. 29 APPENDIX - Disk Manager Walk-Through - Manual Mode The following are step-by-step instructions for using Disk Manager, versions 3.2 and above, in the "manual mode." BE SURE YOUR DATA IS BACKED UP BEFORE PROCEEDING. FORMATTING AT THIS LEVEL WILL DESTROY ALL DATA ON THE DRIVE. 1. At the A> prompt, insert your Disk Manager disk, type "DM/M" and press <enter>. Note: If the version of DOS you are using allows partitions greater than 32 megabytes, type DM/4/M and press <enter>. 2. Choose "C" for the Configuration Menu. 3. Choose "N" for Non-standard Parameters. 4. Select your disc drive model from the list shown on your screen and enter the code number. Disk Manager will now change your system setup (CMOS) to the correct drive type. Note: At this point, a message will appear on your screen which says Drive 1 or Drive 2 is "set up as so many cylinders and so many heads." Below that, another message will say "but is actually so many cylinders and so many heads." The first message is the closest drive type Disk Manager has found to the actual hard drive you are using. The second message is the number of cylinders and heads of the drive you have chosen. If these messages are in agreement, you have a "standard drive type", that is, your drive has been found to be among the drives listed in your system's drive table. If your drive is "Standard", and you are using DOS Version 3.3 or above, you may exit the Disk Manager program after completing the initialization step. You may then use FDISK to complete the partitioning and then format each partition. If you do not have a "Standard" drive type or if you are using a version of DOS which is less than DOS 3.3, you will have to use Disk Manager to complete the partitioning and preparation of your drives. If your drive is "Standard", and you are using DOS 4.0 or above or any version of DOS that allows this, you may put the entire drive on a single partition. (512 megabytes maximum.) 5. Do not modify these parameters (displayed in #4 above). Press "N" and <enter>. 6. Now press "R" for Return to Main Menu. 7. At the Main Menu, select "I" for the Initialization Menu. 8. Select "I" to Initialize. 9. Answer "N," No. The above defect list is not accurate. (At this point, there is no defect list - any defects that are shown on the screen are probably incorrect.) 10. Choose "D" for Defect List Management. 11. Locate the hard error list printed on top of your drive. 12. Choose "A," Add to. Enter each hard error by head and cylinder. 13. When complete, choose "W" to Write the defect map file. 14. Choose "R," Return to Initialization Menu. 15. Choose "I," Initialize. 16. Answer "Y," Yes, if the above defect list is accurate. (If it is not accurate, make any necessary changes and then return to this step.) 17. Choose "D," Initialize entire Disk. 18. When Initialization is complete, choose "R," Return to Main Menu. 19. At the Main Menu, choose "P" for Partitioning. 20. Choose "N," create a New partition table. 21. Choose "N," No. You do not want the default table. 22. Choose "A" to Allocate. 23. Enter "1" or just press <enter>. 24. Choose "D" for DOS (or just press <enter>). 25. Enter "0" (make sure you enter the number 0 (zero), not the letter O) for the starting cylinder (or press <enter>). 26. Enter the number of cylinders. To determine the correct number of cylinders, divide the total number of cylinders by the total number of megabytes of formatted capacity. This gives you the number of cylinders the drive uses for each megabyte. Multiply this figure by the number of 30 megabytes you wish to use in each partition. 27. Choose "A" if you wish to Allocate another partition. 28. Enter the partition number (or press <enter> to accept the default). 29. Choose "W" for Write-Read (or press <enter>). 30. Enter the number of cylinders for the partition. (See step 26 for further information) 31. For additional partitions, repeat steps 27 through 30. 32. When all partitions have been configured, you will be asked if you wish to "Write the new partition table." Answer "Y", Yes. Now is also a good time to do a Print Screen to print a hard copy of the partition table to save for future reference. 33. Choose "R," Return to Preparation Menu. 34. In the Preparation Menu, Choose "P" to Prepare any partition. 35. Answer "Y," to prepare all DOS, Write-Read, etc., partitions. 36. Answer "Y," to put the system files on the disc. 37. Insert your DOS disk when requested to transfer the DOS operating system to your C: drive root directory. 38. Insert your Disk Manager disk when requested in order to have Disk Manger copy it's DMDRVR.BIN device driver and CONFIG.SYS file into your C: drive root directory. Without this driver, you will not be able to access any partitions beyond C:. When Disk Manager finishes preparing your partitions, you may return to the Main Menu and exit Disk Manager. Your disk drive is now completely installed and ready to go to work for you. ------------------- end -------------------