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+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|00000020| 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e | 67 20 4a 4f 49 4e 20 73 |followin|g JOIN s|
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|00000990| 2d 2b 0a 7c 20 53 52 49 | 44 28 47 65 6f 6d 46 72 |-+.| SRI|D(GeomFr|
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|00000a50| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2b 00 00 03 00 8b 01 |--------|-+......|
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|00000b70| 6d 70 6c 65 3b 20 73 6f | 20 69 74 20 68 61 73 20 |mple; so| it has |
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|00000ce0| 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 6d | 2e 0a 9f 00 6d 79 73 71 |ing form|....mysq|
|00000cf0| 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 43 | 54 20 43 4f 4e 43 41 54 |l> SELEC|T CONCAT|
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|00000d40| 20 4e 55 4c 4c 2c 20 27 | 51 4c 27 29 3b 0a 20 20 | NULL, '|QL');.  |
|00000d50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e | 20 4e 55 4c 4c 0a 6d 79 |      ->| NULL.my|
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|00001430| 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 2d 3e 20 27 4d 79 |;.      |  -> 'My|
|00001440| 53 51 4c 27 0a 6d 79 73 | 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 |SQL'.mys|ql> SELE|
|00001450| 43 54 20 43 48 41 52 28 | 37 37 2c 37 37 2e 33 2c |CT CHAR(|77,77.3,|
|00001460| 27 37 37 2e 33 27 29 3b | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |'77.3');|.       |
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|000016f0| 48 28 27 31 39 39 38 2d | 30 32 2d 30 33 27 29 3b |H('1998-|02-03');|
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|00002520| 37 2d 31 32 2d 33 30 20 | 32 32 3a 35 38 3a 35 39 |7-12-30 |22:58:59|
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|000025a0| 39 39 37 2d 31 32 2d 33 | 30 20 31 34 3a 30 30 3a |997-12-3|0 14:00:|
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|000045f0| 31 2e 32 33 29 3b 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |1.23);. |       -|
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|00004670| 2c 20 31 29 3b 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e |, 1);.  |      ->|
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|00004690| 43 54 20 52 4f 55 4e 44 | 28 31 2e 32 39 38 2c 20 |CT ROUND|(1.298, |
|000046a0| 30 29 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 31 |0);.    |    -> 1|
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|000046e0| 01 00 fd 22 24 00 00 00 | 06 4e 55 4c 4c 49 46 09 |..."$...|.NULLIF.|
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|00004e80| 2e 30 30 30 30 30 31 27 | 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 |.000001'|.mysql> |
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|00005450| 74 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 | 74 65 72 20 73 65 74 20 |t charac|ter set |
|00005460| 6d 61 70 70 69 6e 67 20 | 28 74 68 65 20 64 65 66 |mapping |(the def|
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|000054d0| 4d 45 0e 00 4a 02 20 20 | 20 46 52 4f 4d 5f 55 4e |ME..J.  | FROM_UN|
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|000054f0| 73 74 61 6d 70 29 0a 20 | 20 20 46 52 4f 4d 5f 55 |stamp). |  FROM_U|
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|00005510| 65 73 74 61 6d 70 2c 66 | 6f 72 6d 61 74 29 0a 52 |estamp,f|ormat).R|
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|00005550| 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 20 61 | 73 20 61 20 76 61 6c 75 |gument a|s a valu|
|00005560| 65 20 69 6e 0a 27 59 59 | 59 59 2d 4d 4d 2d 44 44 |e in.'YY|YY-MM-DD|
|00005570| 20 48 48 3a 4d 4d 3a 53 | 53 27 20 6f 72 20 59 59 | HH:MM:S|S' or YY|
|00005580| 59 59 4d 4d 44 44 48 48 | 4d 4d 53 53 20 66 6f 72 |YYMMDDHH|MMSS for|
|00005590| 6d 61 74 2c 20 64 65 70 | 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 6f |mat, dep|ending o|
|000055a0| 6e 0a 77 68 65 74 68 65 | 72 20 74 68 65 20 66 75 |n.whethe|r the fu|
|000055b0| 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 69 |nction i|s used i|
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|000055e0| 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 | 45 4c 45 43 54 20 46 52 |mysql> S|ELECT FR|
|000055f0| 4f 4d 5f 55 4e 49 58 54 | 49 4d 45 28 38 37 35 39 |OM_UNIXT|IME(8759|
|00005600| 39 36 35 38 30 29 3b 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |96580);.|        |
|00005610| 2d 3e 20 27 31 39 39 37 | 2d 31 30 2d 30 34 20 32 |-> '1997|-10-04 2|
|00005620| 32 3a 32 33 3a 30 30 27 | 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 |2:23:00'|.mysql> |
|00005630| 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 46 | 52 4f 4d 5f 55 4e 49 58 |SELECT F|ROM_UNIX|
|00005640| 54 49 4d 45 28 38 37 35 | 39 39 36 35 38 30 29 20 |TIME(875|996580) |
|00005650| 2b 20 30 3b 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 |+ 0;.   |     -> |
|00005660| 31 39 39 37 31 30 30 34 | 32 32 32 33 30 30 0a 0a |19971004|222300..|
|00005670| 49 66 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 20 69 73 20 67 69 76 |If forma|t is giv|
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|000056b0| 6d 61 74 20 73 74 72 69 | 6e 67 2e 20 66 6f 72 6d |mat stri|ng. form|
|000056c0| 61 74 20 6d 61 79 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 20 74 |at may c|ontain t|
|000056d0| 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 | 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 |he same |specifie|
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|000056f0| 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 65 6e 74 72 79 20 |ed in th|e entry |
|00005700| 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 44 41 54 45 5f 46 4f 52 |for the |DATE_FOR|
|00005710| 4d 41 54 28 29 20 66 75 | 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0a |MAT() fu|nction..|
|00005720| 8d 00 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e | 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 |..mysql>| SELECT |
|00005730| 46 52 4f 4d 5f 55 4e 49 | 58 54 49 4d 45 28 55 4e |FROM_UNI|XTIME(UN|
|00005740| 49 58 5f 54 49 4d 45 53 | 54 41 4d 50 28 29 2c 0a |IX_TIMES|TAMP(),.|
|00005750| 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |    ->  |        |
|00005760| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 27 25 59 20 |        |    '%Y |
|00005770| 25 44 20 25 4d 20 25 68 | 3a 25 69 3a 25 73 20 25 |%D %M %h|:%i:%s %|
|00005780| 78 27 29 3b 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 |x');.   |     -> |
|00005790| 27 32 30 30 33 20 36 74 | 68 20 41 75 67 75 73 74 |'2003 6t|h August|
|000057a0| 20 30 36 3a 32 32 3a 35 | 38 20 32 30 30 33 27 00 | 06:22:5|8 2003'.|
|000057b0| 03 00 83 01 32 2f 00 00 | 00 0a 4d 45 44 49 55 4d |....2/..|..MEDIUM|
|000057c0| 42 4c 4f 42 01 00 6e 00 | 20 20 20 4d 45 44 49 55 |BLOB..n.|   MEDIU|
|000057d0| 4d 42 4c 4f 42 0a 20 20 | 20 4d 45 44 49 55 4d 54 |MBLOB.  | MEDIUMT|
|000057e0| 45 58 54 0a 0a 41 20 42 | 4c 4f 42 20 6f 72 20 54 |EXT..A B|LOB or T|
|000057f0| 45 58 54 20 63 6f 6c 75 | 6d 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 |EXT colu|mn with |
|00005800| 61 20 6d 61 78 69 6d 75 | 6d 20 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 |a maximu|m length|
|00005810| 20 6f 66 20 31 36 2c 37 | 37 37 2c 32 31 35 0a 28 | of 16,7|77,215.(|
|00005820| 32 5e 32 34 20 2d 20 31 | 29 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 |2^24 - 1|) charac|
|00005830| 74 65 72 73 2e 0a 00 00 | 03 01 7c 00 22 30 00 00 |ters....|..|."0..|
|00005840| 00 06 49 46 4e 55 4c 4c | 09 00 b7 00 20 20 20 49 |..IFNULL|....   I|
|00005850| 46 4e 55 4c 4c 28 65 78 | 70 72 31 2c 65 78 70 72 |FNULL(ex|pr1,expr|
|00005860| 32 29 0a 49 66 20 65 78 | 70 72 31 20 69 73 20 6e |2).If ex|pr1 is n|
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|000058a0| 20 65 78 70 72 32 2e 20 | 20 49 46 4e 55 4c 4c 28 | expr2. | IFNULL(|
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|000058c0| 72 69 63 20 6f 72 20 73 | 74 72 69 6e 67 0a 76 61 |ric or s|tring.va|
|000058d0| 6c 75 65 2c 20 64 65 70 | 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 6f |lue, dep|ending o|
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|00005900| 64 2e 0a b2 00 6d 79 73 | 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 |d....mys|ql> SELE|
|00005910| 43 54 20 49 46 4e 55 4c | 4c 28 31 2c 30 29 3b 0a |CT IFNUL|L(1,0);.|
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|00005930| 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 | 43 54 20 49 46 4e 55 4c |ql> SELE|CT IFNUL|
|00005940| 4c 28 4e 55 4c 4c 2c 31 | 30 29 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 |L(NULL,1|0);.    |
|00005950| 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 31 | 30 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e |    -> 1|0.mysql>|
|00005960| 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 | 49 46 4e 55 4c 4c 28 31 | SELECT |IFNULL(1|
|00005970| 2f 30 2c 31 30 29 3b 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |/0,10);.|        |
|00005980| 2d 3e 20 31 30 0a 6d 79 | 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c |-> 10.my|sql> SEL|
|00005990| 45 43 54 20 49 46 4e 55 | 4c 4c 28 31 2f 30 2c 27 |ECT IFNU|LL(1/0,'|
|000059a0| 79 65 73 27 29 3b 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |yes');. |       -|
|000059b0| 3e 20 27 79 65 73 27 00 | 03 02 e3 01 22 31 00 00 |> 'yes'.|...."1..|
|000059c0| 00 05 4c 45 41 53 54 1a | 00 42 02 20 20 20 4c 45 |..LEAST.|.B.   LE|
|000059d0| 41 53 54 28 76 61 6c 75 | 65 31 2c 76 61 6c 75 65 |AST(valu|e1,value|
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|00005a10| 6d 61 6c 6c 65 73 74 20 | 28 6d 69 6e 69 6d 75 6d |mallest |(minimum|
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|00005aa0| 20 6f 72 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 | or all |argument|
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|00005b50| 72 65 61 6c 73 2e 0a 0a | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 49 66 20 |reals...| --- If |
|00005b60| 61 6e 79 20 61 72 67 75 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 73 20 |any argu|ment is |
|00005b70| 61 20 63 61 73 65 2d 73 | 65 6e 73 69 74 69 76 65 |a case-s|ensitive|
|00005b80| 20 73 74 72 69 6e 67 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 67 | string,| the arg|
|00005b90| 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 |uments a|re compa|
|00005ba0| 72 65 64 0a 61 73 20 63 | 61 73 65 2d 73 65 6e 73 |red.as c|ase-sens|
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|00005bc0| 20 2d 2d 2d 20 49 6e 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 63 61 | --- In |other ca|
|00005bd0| 73 65 73 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e |ses, the| argumen|
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|00005c00| 69 76 65 20 73 74 72 69 | 6e 67 73 2e 0a 8f 00 6d |ive stri|ngs....m|
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|00005c20| 53 54 28 32 2c 30 29 3b | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ST(2,0);|.       |
|00005c30| 20 2d 3e 20 30 0a 6d 79 | 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c | -> 0.my|sql> SEL|
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|00005c50| 2e 30 2c 35 2e 30 2c 37 | 36 37 2e 30 29 3b 0a 20 |.0,5.0,7|67.0);. |
|00005c60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | 3e 20 33 2e 30 0a 6d 79 |       -|> 3.0.my|
|00005c70| 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c | 45 43 54 20 4c 45 41 53 |sql> SEL|ECT LEAS|
|00005c80| 54 28 27 42 27 2c 27 41 | 27 2c 27 43 27 29 3b 0a |T('B','A|','C');.|
|00005c90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 2d 3e 20 27 41 27 00 00 |        |-> 'A'..|
|00005ca0| 01 00 d5 22 32 00 00 00 | 01 3d 1a 00 0c 00 20 20 |..."2...|.=....  |
|00005cb0| 20 3d 0a 45 71 75 61 6c | 3a 0a bb 00 6d 79 73 71 | =.Equal|:...mysq|
|00005cc0| 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 43 | 54 20 31 20 3d 20 30 3b |l> SELEC|T 1 = 0;|
|00005cd0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 3e 20 30 0a 6d 79 |.       | -> 0.my|
|00005ce0| 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 4c | 45 43 54 20 27 30 27 20 |sql> SEL|ECT '0' |
|00005cf0| 3d 20 30 3b 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 |= 0;.   |     -> |
|00005d00| 31 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e | 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 |1.mysql>| SELECT |
|00005d10| 27 30 2e 30 27 20 3d 20 | 30 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |'0.0' = |0;.     |
|00005d20| 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 31 0a | 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 |   -> 1.|mysql> S|
|00005d30| 45 4c 45 43 54 20 27 30 | 2e 30 31 27 20 3d 20 30 |ELECT '0|.01' = 0|
|00005d40| 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 2d 3e 20 30 0a 6d |;.      |  -> 0.m|
|00005d50| 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 53 45 | 4c 45 43 54 20 27 2e 30 |ysql> SE|LECT '.0|
|00005d60| 31 27 20 3d 20 30 2e 30 | 31 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |1' = 0.0|1;.     |
|00005d70| 20 20 20 2d 3e 20 31 00 | 03 00 94 00 22 33 00 00 |   -> 1.|...."3..|
|00005d80| 00 07 52 45 56 45 52 53 | 45 17 00 52 00 20 20 20 |..REVERS|E..R.   |
|00005d90| 52 45 56 45 52 53 45 28 | 73 74 72 29 0a 52 65 74 |REVERSE(|str).Ret|
|00005da0| 75 72 6e 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 74 72 69 6e 67 20 |urns the| string |
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|00005df0| 45 56 45 52 53 45 28 27 | 61 62 63 27 29 3b 0a 20 |EVERSE('|abc');. |
|00005e00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | 3e 20 27 63 62 61 27 00 |       -|> 'cba'.|
|00005e10| 03 00 af 01 22 34 00 00 | 00 06 49 53 4e 55 4c 4c |...."4..|..ISNULL|
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|00005e70| 0a 4f 00 6d 79 73 71 6c | 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 |.O.mysql|> SELECT|
|00005e80| 20 49 53 4e 55 4c 4c 28 | 31 2b 31 29 3b 0a 20 20 | ISNULL(|1+1);.  |
|00005e90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e | 20 30 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c |      ->| 0.mysql|
|00005ea0| 3e 20 53 45 4c 45 43 54 | 20 49 53 4e 55 4c 4c 28 |> SELECT| ISNULL(|
|00005eb0| 31 2f 30 29 3b 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 3e |1/0);.  |      ->|
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|00005f20| 6e 61 72 79 20 73 74 72 | 69 6e 67 73 20 72 61 74 |nary str|ings rat|
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|00006180| 63 61 6c 68 6f 73 74 27 | 0a 6d 79 73 71 6c 3e 20 |calhost'|.mysql> |
|00006190| 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 2a | 20 46 52 4f 4d 20 6d 79 |SELECT *| FROM my|
|000061a0| 73 71 6c 2e 75 73 65 72 | 3b 0a 45 52 52 4f 52 20 |sql.user|;.ERROR |
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|000062a0| 4c 45 43 54 20 30 2e 31 | 20 3c 3d 20 32 3b 0a 20 |LECT 0.1| <= 2;. |
|000062b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | 3e 20 31 00 03 04 5b 01 |       -|> 1...[.|
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+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+