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-
- <h3>Overview of Realms and Groups</h3>
-
- <hr>
- <b>Hierarchical Structure</b>
- <p>
- </font>
-
- <pre>Realm
- |__Group
- |__Nested Group
- |__User
- |__Alias</pre>
-
- <font face=arial size=-1>
-
- A Realm is a collection of Groups of users, each of which is a collection of users.
- <p>
- Specifying Realm and Group names for a collections of users makes it easier
- to write access control rules for resources, since
- you can add users to the Group within a Realm without having to
- modify your access control rules.
-
- <hr>
- <b>The Admin Group and Admin User</b>
- <p>
-
- PowerWeb creates a realm named "admin" upon installation. This is
- the default realm for all user authentication, regardless of whether
- users are accessing administration facilities. PowerWeb restricts
- access to administration facilities to members of the GROUP "admin"
- so that only users who are members of that group can configure or
- administer your server.
- <p>
-
- PowerWeb initially creates a single user (also named "admin") within that
- privileged "admin" group. You may add further users to that group
- if you want multiple system administrators. If you do not wish to use
- the "admin" user name, then first create a new user who is a member
- of the "admin" GROUP, and then delete the "admin" user.
-
- <hr>
- <b>Multiple Realms versus Multiple Groups</b>
- <p>
-
- The primary reason for using a single realm with multiple groups
- as opposed to multiple realms is
- that a resource can only use one realm at a time. So if you need users to
- access that resource from multiple realms, you will need to duplicate them
- where necessary across realms. That is why a single realm with multiple groups is easier to
- manage.
- <p>
-
- As a rule of thumb, you should use separate realms if each realm is independent
- and does not share users with other realms, and is used to access a separate
- set of resources independent of the other realms. This makes administration
- easier and allows for faster lookup by PowerWeb Server.
- <p>
-
- If you share users across multiple realms, or users from multiple realms need
- access to the same resource, you should consider instead using a
- single realm and multiple groups within that realm. This means that a user can
- have a single logon account while still belonging to multiple groups. The
- disadvantage is that the whole realm of users must now be managed through a
- single common channel instead of independent lists.
- <p>
-
- For example, given the situation:
- <br>
-
- </font>
-
- <pre>
- Admin group
- a user
- b user
- c user
- Sales group
- d user
- e user
- f user
- </pre>
-
- <font face=arial size=-1>
-
- <br>
- where Admin and Sales access separate sets of resources, you are better off
- using two realms because the user lists are totally separate.
- <p>
-
- If on the other hand you had:
- <br>
-
- </font>
-
- <pre>
- Admin group
- a user
- b user
- e user
- Sales group
- a user
- b user
- c user
- d user
- </pre>
-
- <font face=arial size=-1>
-
- <br>
- or if Admin needed to access some of the same documents as Sales, you would
- be better off using a single realm with two groups.
-
- <hr>
- <b>File Formats for Unix-compatible Realms:</b>
- <p>
-
- If you make any manual changes to these files, you MUST restart
- the server afterwards to have the changes take effect, because
- PowerWeb caches some of this information in memory.
-
- <p>
- <b>User Database:</b>
- <p>
-
- The file format is one user per line:
- </font><pre>user_name:crypted_password</pre><font face=arial size=-1>
-
- <p>
- <b>Group Database:</b>
- <p>
-
- The file format is one group per line:
- </font><pre>group_name:user_name1 user_name2 ...</pre><font face=arial size=-1><p>
- where each user_name can be either an individual user or a group name
- (which must be enclosed in square brackets "[]").
-
- <p>
- <b>Alias Database:</b>
- <p>
-
- The file format is one user per line:
- </font><pre>user_name:alias1 alias2 ...</pre><font face=arial size=-1>
-
- <p>
-
-