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UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files _________________________________ UUPC/extended Configuration Files _________________________________ UUPC/extended Configuration Files _________________________________ UUPC/extended Configuration Files Overview Overview Overview This section describes the UUPC/extended configuration files. It assumes you have installed the programs and configured them as described in Installation Installation Installation, page 15, and that you have access to the Nutshell Handbook Using UUCP and Usenet. The UUPC/extended UUPC.RC and The UUPC/extended UUPC.RC and The UUPC/extended UUPC.RC and [userid] [userid] [userid].RC files .RC files .RC files Introduction Introduction Introduction The UUPC.RC file provides the basic configuration information required to initialize the various UUPC/extended programs. It provides information which applies to the entire local system. It can also provide defaults for individual users. These defaults can then be overridden by the values in each user's [userid].RC file29. Blank lines and lines beginning with a pound sign (#) are ignored. Entries in the file are of the form: prefix.keyword keyword keyword=value If multiple lines exist with the same keyword , the last line is used. An exception to this rule is the options= options= options= line; if multiple options= options= options= lines exist, the options are processed individually and the last occurrence of each option is used. The prefix is optional, and if present must be DOS, 32BITOS2 (for OS/2 2.x), 16BITOS2 (for OS/2 1.x), WIN16(for Windows 3.x), or WIN32(for Windows NT) and must be followed by a period. Case is not significant for the prefix or keyword keyword keyword. If the prefix is present, the line is only used if the current environment matches the keyword. This allows multiple lines in the same configuration file for different environments, such as: DOS.Editor=edit %s OS2.Editor=epm %s 29Note that text fields which are supplied in the UUPC.RC file cannot be cleared in the [userid].RC file. For example, a user cannot remove the organization field from her mail's headers if the UUPC.RC supplied a default one. However, the user could change the organization name by adding an "Organization=[name]" line to her [userid].RC file. 10/04/93 - 91 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference WIN16.Editor=notepad %s WIN32.Editor=notepad %s This allows the use of three different editors in four different environments. This could also be specified as: Editor=notepad %s DOS.Editor=edit %s OS2.Editor=epm %s In the latter example, the program notepad is the editor specified for all environments, but it is superseded for both the DOS and OS/2 environments. Note: Note: Note: If the DOS versions of UUPC/extended programs are invoked under OS/2 or Windows NT, they will use the DOS environment keywords rather than attempting to determine the native environment. The fields are described in the tables below as being of several types, most of which are self-explanatory. Of special note, however, are fields described as tokens tokens tokens, path names path names path names or file file file names names names. Tokens are single words with no spaces. Any tab or space terminates the value. As for path and file names: Path and file names must be valid names under the host operating system. Path and file names without drive letters are presumed to reside on the same drive as the UUPC/extended configuration directory. Slashes (/) and back slashes (\) are considered equivalent in paths. Back slashes are translated to slashes internally and translated back when opening files and for external commands such as editors.30 Relative path and file names (except for those listed in the next paragraph) are presumed to be relative to the UUPC/extended configuration directory. The files defined by Aliases Aliases Aliases, AltSignature AltSignature AltSignature, and FileSent FileSent FileSent fields are assumed to be relative to the user's home directory. In addition, only only only these files may use the ~userid convention defined for files in the section on MAIL in UUPC/extended Command Reference UUPC/extended Command Reference UUPC/extended Command Reference, see page 49. 30Forward slashes are not translated to backslashes for the compress program invoked from RNEWS, which is technically a bug but not a problem in practice since most compress programs are derived from UNIX programs which don't care about the difference. -92- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Keywords valid in individual or system configuration files Keywords valid in individual or system configuration files Keywords valid in individual or system configuration files The following are the valid fields for the UUPC.RC or [userid].RC file. They are normally placed in the UUPC.RC if applicable to all users of local system, and otherwise put in each [userid].RC file as needed. Type Type Type Keyword Keyword Keyword Description Description Description Default Default Default31 32 Example Example Example File Aliases aliases User User User None None None. aliases.txt name (nicknames) file. Note: Note: Note: If the path is omitted, this file is presumed to reside in the current user's home directory. File Alt- Name of alternative None. None. None. omitted name Signatur file included in e response to ~A command when sending mail. File Backup- Extension used for BAK omitted Ext Exte files renamed by n- backup processing. sion Note: Note: Note: backup backup backup See option, below. Required fields must appear in one of the two files, but need 31 not appear in both. omitted For 32 entries, the entire entry would be omitted to allow the default to be in effect. 10/04/93 - 93 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Stri Editor Command string None. None. None. edit %s ng including the name of the editor used for editing outgoing mail. Note: Note: Note: %s must appear in the string to define where the file name should be substituted. File Sent File Name of file in which None. None. None. outgoing name all mail sent by local user is saved. Note: Note: Note: If this parameter is omitted, no copy is saved. Path Folders Included for use by N/A omitted name MUSH (Mail User's Shell). Not used by UUPC/extended. Path Home Home directory of None. None. None. C:\u\snuffl name current user. This es directory is the Note: Note: Note: directory in which This FORWARD files are field is searched for, and the required. default directory for the files defined by FileSent FileSent FileSent Aliases Aliases Aliases , , and Signature Signature Signature files. Box User Mail Name (userid) of the Note: Note: Note: snuffles id currently active This user. Should be 1-8 field is characters and only required. contain valid alphanumerics. - - 94 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Name Stri Full name of the user Note: Note: Note: Snuffles P. ng This Bear field is required. Stri Organiza Name of the None. None. None. Itty-Bitty tion ng organization to be Machines listed in the Corporation Organization field in headers of outgoing mail. Stri Pager Command string None. None. None. list %s ng including the name of the pager used for displaying incoming mail. Note: Note: Note: %s must appear in the string to define where the file name should be substituted. Toke To Reply Address to which Replies are omitted n replies to outgoing send the mail is to be sent. originator of the mail. File Signatur Name of signature None. None. None. omitted name e file included in response to ~a command or by the autosign autosign autosign option when sending mail. Toke Version UUPC/extended version None. None. None. 1.12b n file was last updated for. Note: Note: Note: This field is for documentation purposes only. 10/04/93 - 95 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Keywords valid only in system configuration files Keywords valid only in system configuration files Keywords valid only in system configuration files The follow keywords are valid in the UUPC.RC configuration only only only file, and always apply to all users of the local system. Type Type Type Keyword Keyword Keyword Description Description Description Default Default Default Example Example Example33 Toke Anonymou Specifies times None. None. None. (No Any n Login s (using same format as anonymous Night time field in SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYSTEMS logins are Evening , see page 124 file ) allowed.) when anonymous login is allowed. Path ArchiveD Directory to which [ConfDir]/- omitted name ir EXPIRE EXPIRE EXPIRE the mand com ARCHIVE moves archived news articles. Note: Note: Note: Must be on same disk partition as the NewsDir NewsDir NewsDir File BackupEx Extension used for BAK omitted Ex- t files renamed by ten- backup processing. sion Note: Note: Note: backup backup backup See option, below. Banner File File displayed before None. None. None. name login prompt by UUCICO. CharSet Stri Valid characters a-z, 0-9, omitted ng allowed in file names and used for mapping !#$%&'()- UNIX names to local @^_`{}~ names. omitted For 33 entries, the entire entry would be omitted to allow the default to be in effect. - -96 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Conf Path Dir Base UUPC/extended Taken from C:\UUPC name configuration path directory. Location component of various files of (SYSTEMS, PERMISSNS, UUPCSYSRC PASSWD) and default environment parent directory for variable. ArchiveDir ArchiveDir ArchiveDir MailDir MailDir MailDir , , NewsDir NewsDir NewsDir PubDir PubDir PubDir , , SpoolDir SpoolDir SpoolDir, and TempDir TempDir TempDir. Toke Domain Fully-Qualified None. None. None. kew.com n Domain name of the nodename.UU local system, Note Note Note: CP included in headers This pa- of all mail sent. rameter is required. Toke From- Fully-qualified None. None. None. omitted n Domain Domain name of system which overrides the Domain Domain Domain field for the RFC-822 field. From: From: From: Used in site hiding. The Ever So The Ever So The Ever So See English Sport of Site English Sport of Site English Sport of Site Hiding Hiding Hiding, page 143. Note: Note: Note: This option should only be used when site hiding. Omit it otherwise. InModem Simp Simple name (without None. None. None. HAYES24 le path or extension) of file [modem].MDM file to Note: Note: Note: name use for when UUCICO This is invoked with the - field is r 0 (accepting required incoming calls) for using option. the UUCICO -r 0 option. 10/04/93 97 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Internal List List of commands break cd omitted Commands of processed by UUXQT as chdir copy com- internal commands. ctty date mand del dir s echo erase for md mkdir rd rem ren rename rmdir time ver verify vol Toke Local- Domain name which is If the omitted Domain n automatically Domain Domain Domain has appended to simple one or two system names being parts (x.y searched for during or UUCP), host table look-ups. the entire See also the sections domain on mail routing in name. Advanced Installation Advanced Installation Advanced Installation Otherwise, and Configuration and Configuration and Configuration all but the Topics Topics Topics, page 133. left most word of the domain name (y.z out of x.y.z.) Path MailDir Directory to which [ConfDir]/- omitted name RMAIL delivers mail. MAIL MailExt Toke Extension used for None. None. None. SPB34 n mailbox files. Snuffles will feel hurt if you don't use this. 34 - - 98 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Mail Host Serv Simple host name of None. None. None. myserv name system to handle default mail Note: Note: Note: forwarding. This pa- rameter is Note: Note: Note: This system required. must be listed in your SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYSTEMS file. The systems file is discussed in The The The UUPC/extended SYSTEMS UUPC/extended SYSTEMS UUPC/extended SYSTEMS , page file file file . 124 Maximum- Inte Maximum number of 20 omitted ger Hops Received: lines allowed in remote mail before it is rejected by RMAIL because of looping. File MOTD File name with text None. None. None. omitted name to be displayed after successful login of UUCI non- non- non- CO shells. Path Dir Mush Included for use by N/A omitted name MUSH (Mail User's Shell). Not used by UUPC/extended. NewsDir Path Directory into which [ConfDir]/- omitted name RNEWS writes news. NEWS Note: Note: Note: Must be on same disk partition as the ArchiveDir ArchiveDir ArchiveDir 10/04/93 - 99 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Serv News Host Host to which posted Value of omitted name news is sent for MailServ MailServ MailServ. distribution to the outside world. Note: Note: Note: Posting news is currently not supported. This field is included for future expansion only. Host Name Node Simple UUCP host name None. None. None. toscis name of the local system. List Options List of Boolean All options askcc of options from list be- off. autoedit toke low. include auto ns autosign backup doskey ex- pert pager purge sup- copy- press right verbose undelete task multi queue ti mul metric- sym grades File Passwd File name of PASSWD [ConfDir]/- omitted name file containing name PASSWD and directory information for local users and passwords for remote systems logging in. Path Path Semi-colon delimited Value of omitted Stri list of directo PATH vari- ries ng for UUXQT to search able when for external UUXQT is programs. invoked. -100- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Post- User Name (userid) of the None. None. None. postmast id master user to receive bounced mail and all Note: Note: Note: other mail addressed This to local user field is Postmaster Postmaster Postmaster. Should required. be 1-8 characters and only contain valid alphanumerics. Path Dir Pub Default file upload [ConfDir]/- omitted name directory for files PUBLIC sent to the local system via remote UUCP commands. Path Dir Spool Directory used for [ConfDir]/- omitted name log files, files SPOOL queued for other systems, and incoming mail/news files. Systems File File name of SYSTEMS [ConfDir]/- omitted name file containing names SYSTEMS and dialing information for all remote systems. 10/04/93 - 101 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Dir Temp Path Path of directory for [ConfDir]/- omitted name temporary files TMP generated by MAIL, UUXQT, and other programs. The drive this directory resides on must have space for twice twice twice the largest mail or news file you expect to receive. Note: Note: Note: If possible, this directory should be located on a RAM drive or a drive with a lazy disk cache.35 Stri Uncompre Command string uncompre %s compress -d ng ss including the name of %s the program used for gzip -d %s uncompressing incoming news. Note: Note: Note: %s must appear in the string to define where the input file name should be substituted. A second %s must appear to define the output file name if the default output file name is not the input name minus the exten- sion, Boolean options in either UUPC.RC or Boolean options in either UUPC.RC or Boolean options in either UUPC.RC or [userid] [userid] [userid].RC .RC .RC The following are Boolean options, which can be set by the user in the UUPC.RC file, their [userid].RC file, or via the MAIL set set set command (See UUPC/extended Command Reference UUPC/extended Command Reference UUPC/extended Command Reference, page 49.): On the other hand, if you don't know what a RAM disk or lazy 35 disk cache is, you don't want to use them. -102- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Note: Note: Note: All options default to False. Option Option Option Default operation Default operation Default operation Operation if set Operation if set Operation if set name name name askcc The user must enter all After composing, reply addresses when invoking to, or forwarding mail, forward forward forward or mail mail mail . the user is prompted for Additional addresses carbon copy (Cc:) cannot be added to mail addresses. generated by . reply reply reply autoedit When sending mail, the If the user has defined user is presented with an editor, when sending the line oriented send mail, the editor is mail interface. To use a immediately invoked for full screen editor, the the user to enter mail user must use the ~e ~e ~e with. (edit) command or exit line oriented data entry to invoke his editor. autoincl Do not automatically When the reply command is ude include the text of mail invoked, auto cally mati being replied to. include the text of the mail being replied to as if the command was ~m ~m ~m issued. autosign When sending mail, the If defined in the user's user's signature file is configuration file, the not appended to outgoing signature file is mail automatically. If automatically appended to defined, the user may all outgoing mail. still include the file ~a ~a ~a via the (include autograph) command. 10/04/93 103 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference backup Do not create a backup of Before updating or the mailbox being deleting the current file processed before when exiting mail, rename rewriting or deleting it. the existing file to the same file name with the extension defined by the UUPC.RC variable Backu- Backu- Backu- pExt pExt pExt. Note: Note: Note: If no extension is defined, a default extension of "BAK" is used. doskey Under DOS, interactive If installed, the MS-DOS input is read from the 5.0 DOSKEY program is console using standard used to read input from DOS services (INT 21H the console; normal function 0AH). DOSKEY, DOSKEY functions, stalled, is ig if in nored. including the ability to Empty input lines are edit and scroll input, processed normally. along with macro expansion, is available. Empty lines (which can be generated by DOSKEY macro processing) are ignored at the command prompt unless the expert expert expert option is also set. Note: Note: Note: If DOSKEY is not installed, when the user is first prompted for input the doskey doskey doskey option is reset to nodoskey nodoskey nodoskey with a warning message. dot When sending mail, When sending mail, interactive input must be interactive input can be terminated by the DOS end terminated by a single of file character (Ctrl- period (.) in column one. Z). 104 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files expert All informational Boiler plate messages, messages are displayed, such as the initial help and if the doskey doskey doskey option prompt, are suppressed, is also set, empty input and empty input lines are lines are ignored in not ignored when the response to the command doskey doskey doskey option is set. prompt. forward- Mail sent via the forward forward forward If the user has defined save command is not saved in an outgoing mailbox, then the user's outgoing mail sent via the forward forward forward mailbox. command is saved in the same fashion as other outgoing mail. fromsep Items in the mailbox must Items in the mailbox can be separated by a line of be separated only by UUCP binary ones (1). (If you format lines. The From From From use the DOS command type type type line of binary ones (1) to look at your mailbox, required between items by these look like smiley the default operation of faces.) nofromsep nofromsep nofromsep is still generated when updating This option is Note: Note: Note: mailboxes. provided for compatibility with other Note: Note: Note: This option must be RMAIL versions. set in the UUPC.RC or userid [ ].RC file, because it is only ex ined at am start up. pager print print print , help help help type type type and help help help use , and print print print use type type type the external pager if one the internal pager, and is defined, and Print Print Print Print Print Print and and Type Type Type use the Type Type Type use the internal external pager if one is pager. defined purge Empty mailboxes are left Empty mailboxes are in place when the user deleted when the user exits mail. exits mail. save Mail is left in the If mail is not deleted user's system mailbox af- from the user's system ter reading. mailbox after reading, it is automatically saved in his ~/mbox ~/mbox ~/mbox file when the user exits mail. 10/04/93 - 105 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference speedove Strings are allocated Strings are allocated r-memory favoring low memory favoring speed over usage. Specifically, memory usage. when allocating fixed Specifically, permanent permanent strings, strings are allocated strings already allocated without examining if a are examined to determine copy of the string if a pointer to exist already exists. ing duplicate string can be used. suppress Display the UUPC/extended Suppress the copyright - copyright notice at notice at program copyrigh program startup. startup. Of course, this t does not suppress the associated responsibility. Note: Note: Note: This option must be set in a system or user configuration file, because it is only exam- ined at start up. undelete OS/2 only. The The DELDIR DELDIR DELDIR environment environment variable variable is left alone, is reset to a null DELDIR DELDIR DELDIR causing OS/2 to copy all string by , causing UUPOLL UUPOLL UUPOLL deleted files to a hidden files deleted by its directory. This causes a children ( UUPOLL UUPOLL UUPOLL UUCICO UUCICO UUCICO, per , formance and free disk and UU UU UUCLEAN CLEAN CLEAN) to not be space impact by saving chived by the OS/2 ar files which the user ing system for operat should never have to later recovery. access, much less recover. Note: Note: Note: This option must be set in the UUPC.RC or [userid].RC file, because it is only ex ined at am UUPOLL UUPOLL UUPOLL start up. 106 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files verbose When invoked from mail, When invoked from mail, only displays error RMAIL RMAIL RMAIL RMAIL displays both error messages. messages and nominal status messages, including the addresses mail was delivered to. Note: Note: Note: This option must be set in a system or user configuration file, because it is only exam- ined at start up. Options only used in the UUPC.RC file Options only used in the UUPC.RC file Options only used in the UUPC.RC file The following system-oriented options must apply to all users on a system and can only only only be set in the UUPC.RC file: Option Default operation Operation if set name bang RFC-822 headers are RFC-822 headers are generated with a generated with UUCP style name" <user@node> "User (User name) node!user format. format. bounce Undeliverable mail is Undeliverable mail is delivered directly to the sent to the originator of local postmaster mail the mail (as determined with no additional header by the UUXQT requester or text generated. information) and to the local postmaster via a newly generated mail mes- sage from UUCP which explains why the mail failed. collect The size of mail is not The RMAIL delivery and reported by RMAIL. spooling messages include the size of the files delivered. 10/04/93 - 107 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference director Mail for "user" is Mail for "user" is y delivered to the file delivered to the file in the directory user new new new in the mail mail mail sub- user specified by the maildir= maildir= maildir= directory of the direc- line in the system tory specified by the configuration file. maildir= maildir= maildir= line in the UUPC.RC configuration file. escape Only Ctrl-Break can be If the Esc (Escape) key used to exit from UUPOLL is pressed, then the next or UUCICO. time UUPOLL or UUCICO polls the type-ahead buffer the program will act as if Ctrl-Break was pressed. Note: Note: Note: Enabling this option effectively dis- ables type-ahead, since all characters except Esc are discarded with an error message. history No news history is Note: Note: Note: This option is maintained. currently ignored if en- abled. honor- When UUCICO is called by When UUCICO is called by debug another system, it another system, it uses ignores any debugging any debugging level level transmitted by the transmitted by the remote caller. system to set its own debugging level. kanji No translation of Mail which originates characters takes place locally is translated during RMAIL processing. from a 2 byte Kanji code called Shift-JIS (Japanese ideogram) to Kanji in a 7-bit subset of ISO 2022 which can be transmitted via SMTP. Mail from remote systems which is delivered locally is translated from JIS 7bit back to Shift-JIS. 108 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files longname Under OS/2 and Windows Under OS/2 and Windows NT, file names for NT, file names are not incoming files are made made to conform to DOS to conform to the DOS 11 name 8 + 3 naming character name limit even conventions. if the file system supports longer names. monocase Job sequence ids are Job sequence ids are generated in base 62 generated in base 36 using numerics and upper using numerics and upper and lower case al- case alphabetics. phabetics. multique When queuing mail for When queuing mail for ue other hosts, each ad- other hosts, a single dressee is delivered file delivered via the separately. remote UUCP can have multiple addressees. multitas Processing is optimized Additional processing is k for speed over system performed to insure integrity. system integrity. This additional processing Note: Note: Note: We strongly includes creating lock recommend that you enable files to prevent con- this option in all current access to system environments except DOS. spool directories, writing program logs to temporary files and then appending the file to the permanent log file at program termination, and moving new mail from the user's system mailbox into the user's home directory when is MAIL MAIL MAIL first run after the new mail's arrival. senddebu When UUCICO calls another When UUCICO calls another g system, it does not system, its debugging report its debugging level is transmitted to level to the remote the remote system. system. 10/04/93 109 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference snews Incoming news is written Incoming news is written to separate files in to a file in the Dir Dir Dir News News News directories based on the directory without news group names listed examining the ACTIVE in the ACTIVE file file. located in the NewsDir NewsDir NewsDir directory. symmetri When actively polling, UUCICO UUCICO UUCICO transmits the grades c does not transmit UUCICO UUCICO UUCICO maximum grade for file the maximum grade for transfers allowed by the file transfers allowed by SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYSTEMS file to the the SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYSTEMS file to the remote system at startup. remote system at startup. syslog No record is made of The file SYSLOG is files transferred. written in the spool di- rectory with a record for each file transferred to or from the local system. -110- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Modem ( Modem ( Modem ([modem].MDM) [modem].MDM) [modem].MDM) Files Files Files Introduction Introduction Introduction Modem files (.MDM) define the strings used to command a modem when dialing out. They allow commands always used with a particular modem to be written once rather than being placed everywhere they are used, and also allow different modems to be used by changing only the modem file (or changing the reference to the modem file in the SYSTEMS or UUPC.RC files). All strings defined in a modem file are standard scripts as described in Error! Bookmark not defined. Error! Bookmark not defined. Error! Bookmark not defined., page 35, with the exception of the dial prefix and dial suffix strings. The dial prefix and suffix strings are combined with the phone number listed in the SYSTEMS file and sent as one string to the modem when dialing out. Most modems have behavior similar to one of the sample modems, so minor changes to one of these files should get you up and running. Note: Note: Note: If you make changes to a modem file, copy it to a new name to avoid confusion with the distributed version. The syntax of a modem file is the same as the UUPC.RC and [userid].RC files described in Error! Cannot open file. Error! Cannot open file. Error! Cannot open file., page 91. The keywords accepted in modem files are described below. Modem File Guidelines Modem File Guidelines Modem File Guidelines There are several things to keep mind when writing a modem file, especially for an error correcting modem. Not all of the following apply to all modems, but as a general rule: 1.Initialize the modem from factory defaults as opposed to simply resetting the modem. Starting with factory defaults allows the modem configuration to be shared between modems that may not have been initialized the same way. Note: Note: Note: Do not not not have the modem file rewrite the modem defaults to non-volatile RAM (often done with a AT&W command). This may confuse other programs which use the modem. 2.Initialize the speaker to off. (Typically ATM0)36 3.Have the modem hang-up and reset to factory defaults when Data Set Ready (DTR) is lowered. 36You may want the speaker enabled for initial testing, but UUCICO is designed to run unattended, and waking house mates up to hear a modem dial at 3 AM will not make you popular. 10/04/93 - 111 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference 4.Write a unique modem file for dialing out with error correction only, rather than taking a modem default which accepts error or non-error correcting connections. Rejecting a remote connection if the expected speed or protocol is not available insures that a long distance connection does not run at a sub-par rate. 5.Likewise, write a modem file with error correction disabled, to bypass attempts at modem-to-modem protocol negotiations with modems which do not support them.37 6.Disable auto-answer unless you actually want to have the modem ready to answer the phone. 7.Disable software (XON/XOFF) flow control, and enable hardware (CTS/RTS) flow control.38 8.Enable the modem inactivity time-out to automatically hang up the modem after two minutes if no data is sent or received. If no no no data is send by UUCICO in two minutes with the modem off hook, the program and/or operating system has crashed. 9.Some modems have a time delay to insure all data buffered for the remote system is sent. Set this delay to zero (no delay), as UUCICO will have insured data delivery via software protocols. 10. Disable remote loop back testing. Valid Fields in Modem Files Valid Fields in Modem Files Valid Fields in Modem Files The following fields are valid in a modem file. Keyword Keyword Keyword Type Type Type Description Description Description Default Default Default Example Example Example39, , , 40 37Phone calls to the system *nbstime listed in the sample systems file will fail if error correction is not disabled, because otherwise an expected string is lost from the remote system while the modem is still trying enable error correction. 38Sample in older releases of UUPC/extended explicitly turned off hardware flow control. Enabling it is a change from the previous suggestions, and is required for many high speed modems. 39Examples are for a ZOOM VFX v32bis modem. Your mileage will vary. -112- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Answer Scri Script to pick up None None None. CONNECT pt phone (if script Ring Ring Ring did not enable auto- This field answer) and determine is required an incoming call has for been answered. answering the phone. Inte Answer- Time in seconds for 30 seconds omitted ger Timeout last response expected by Answer Answer Answer script. Inte BigGPack Maximum number of 512 bytes omitted ger etSize bytes the remote host may send the local host per packet when using the "G" protocol. Must be a power of 2 between 32 and 512. Inte bigGWind Number of packets 7 omitted ger Size ow active at a time when using the "G" protocol. Must in range 1 to 7. Inte CharDela Delay in milliseconds 0 omitted y ger between characters sent to the modem when processing dialing scripts. Connect Scri Script used to None None None. CONNECT pt determine if modem has connected to This field remote host. is required for dialing the modem. For omitted 40 entries, the entire entry would be omitted (blank) to allow the default to be in effect. 10/04/93 113 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Descript Stri One line description None. None. None. Zoom v32bis ion ng of the modem file. with v.42 This field is for and v.42bis documentation enabled purposes, and is extracted to build the list of modems on page . 121 Toke Device Communications Port None. None. None. COM1 n Name This field This field is ignored is by the TCP/IP and required. named pipe suites. Stri DialPref String prepended to None None None. ATDT ng ix the phone number in SYSTEMS file to dial This field modem. is required for dialing the modem. Stri DialSuff String appended to None. None. None. omitted ng ix the phone number in SYSTEMS file to dial Normally modem. not needed. Inte DialTime Time in seconds last 40 20 (local ger out string in Connect Connect Connect calls) script is allowed to 60 (long wait for a respond. distance) fPacket- Inte Time in seconds 20 omitted ger Timeout allowed for responses by the remote host under "f" protocol. Inte fPacketS Bytes processed at a 512 omitted ize ger time by the "f" protocol.41 41 This parameter is used only for an internal buffer size and does not affect the transmitted stream of data. 114 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files gPacket- Inte Maximum number of 64 bytes omitted ger Size bytes the remote host may send the local host per packet when using "g" protocol. Must be a power of 2 between 32 and 512. Note: Note: Note: Due to kernel buffer sizes, most UNIX systems cannot handle a gpacketSize gpacketSize gpacketSize larger than 128. Inte gPacket- Time in seconds 10 omitted ger Timeout allowed for responses by the remote host under "g", "G" , and "v" protocols. Inte gWindow- Number of packets 7 omitted ger Size active at a time when using "g" protocol. Must in range 1 to 7. Inte Transfer Size in bytes of The larger omitted ger Buffer internal disk I/O value of buffer in bytes. 512 or four times the Note: Note: Note: If the largest specified value is packet size less than the in use. default, the default is used. Scri Hangup Script to hang-up None. None. None. ATH OK pt modem. Note: Note: Note: Before this script is executed, the modem Dataset Ready (DTR) line is dropped for 0.5 seconds to request a modem hang-up. 10/04/93 115 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Initiali Scri Script to initialize None. None. None. AT &F OK ze pt modem. ATEM OK This field is required. Inte InSpeed Speed at which modem None. None. None. 2400 ger is initialized for 38400 remote login. This field is required for answering the phone. Inte Maximum- For all protocols 10 omitted ger Errors except "t", the number of consecutive errors allowed before the connection is dropped. Note: Note: Note: Consecutive errors are defined as errors occurring with no data successfully transmitted between the errors. Inte Modem- Number of seconds 3 omitted ger Timeout allowed for modem command responses in scripts for except except except last last last the responses to the Answer Answer Answer and Connect. Connect. Connect. One NoConnec Modem responses, None. None. None. "NO or t which, if given, DIALTONE" more indicate that dialing "NO stri or answering has CARRIER" ngs failed and the call ERROR should be given up on. -116- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Options List See below for nocarrierde carrierdete of individual options. tect ct Bool nodirect fixedspeed ean nofixedspee opti d ons novariablep acket Inte Priority Magic number to set Under OS/2, omitted ger OS/2 and Windows NT 4 execution priority (PRTYC_FORE for UUCICO. GROUND- SERVER) Note: Note: Note: This field is ignored under DOS and currently not supported under Windows NT. Note: Note: Note: Under OS/2, may be 1-4. Inte Priority Fine tuning value for Under OS/2, omitted ger Delta UUCICO priority. 31 (no change from Note: Note: Note: This field Prior Prior Priority ity ity) is ignored under DOS and currently not supported under Windows NT. Note: Note: Note: Under, OS/2, 0 - 30 lowers priority, 32 - 62 raise the priority. Ring Scri Script to initialize None None None. ATS0=1 OK pt modem for answering "" RING and to detect ring. This field is required for answering the phone. Inte Script- Time allowed for 30 omitted Timeout ger responses to scripts specified in SYSTEMS file. 10/04/93 - 117 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference Toke Suite Name of internal omitted n communications software driver suite. All systems can use the default, internal internal internal, which drives the serial port using internal and Operating System support. DOS systems can also use the , or fossil fossil fossil ArtiComm ArtiComm ArtiComm suites. Windows 3.x and Windows NT systems can also use the TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP suite if they have TCP/IP support installed.42 OS/2 2.x systems can also use the Named- Named- Named- Pipes Pipes Pipes suite, although this support is primarily of use for testing on a single system. Inte tPacket- Time in seconds 60 omitted ger Timeout allowed for responses by the remote host under the 't' protocol. 42Windows 3.1 systems must have the WINSOCK.DLL WINSOCK.DLL WINSOCK.DLL installed to use TCP/IP support. Contact your TCP/IP vendor to see if they this library for their product. Windows NT natively supports TCP/IP for many ethernet cards, but does not support dial-up TCP/IP. 118 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Version Toke Program version None. None. None. 1.12b n number the file was last updated for. This field is for documentation purposes and is extracted to build the list on page . 121 Inte vPacket- Bytes sent per packet 512 bytes omitted ger Size when using "v" protocol. Must be a power of 2 between 32 and 4096. Inte vWindow- Number of packets 7 omitted Size ger active at a time when using "v" protocol. Must in range 1 to 7. Boolean Options In Modem Files Boolean Options In Modem Files Boolean Options In Modem Files The following option flags can be set on the options options options line of the modem file. Option Option Option Default operation Default operation Default operation Operation if set Operation if set Operation if set name name name Carrier- UUCICO processing ignores If the modem Terminal Detect the state of the modem Ready (DTR) or Carrier status lines. Detect (DCD) lines drop after a connection is established, the connection is aborted. 10/04/93 - 119 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference FixedSpe After the or Connect Connect Connect The modem speed is fixed ed script executes, Answer Answer Answer at the value specified by UUCICO reads the serial the keyword or InModem InModem InModem port for the connect Systems Systems Systems file speed. speed of the modem and changes the port speed to match this reported speed. Variable Data Packets sent by the Data Packets sent by the Packet "g" and "G" protocol are "g" and "G" protocols are always padded to the full padded only to the packet length negotiated nearest power of 32 (32, at startup. 64, 128 ...) and these short packets are sent. Note: Note: Note: Most UNIX systems cannot cannot cannot handle variable length packets, and connections to such will fail in mysterious ways if this option is enabled.43 Direct The modem Dataset Ready The modem Dataset Ready (DSR) line is used for line is ignored. hardware flow control: When the modem lowers this signal, UUCICO stops transmitting data until the signal is raised again. Supplied Modem files Supplied Modem files Supplied Modem files The follow table lists the sample modem files supplied with UUPC/extended. As these files have been collected from a number of sources previous to the above guidelines being written, the modes and setups vary. Most of the files do not exactly conform to the above guidelines. 43Systems running Ian Taylor's Taylor UUCP are a notable exception, but virtually all UUCP programs shipped with various UNIX systems will die if fed short packets. Just because UNIX developers invented the UUCP 'g' protocol doesn't mean they implemented it properly. -120- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Note Note Note: Please mail new and updated modem files to modems@kew.com modems@kew.com modems@kew.com. Please verify the file is updated to conform with the guidelines on page , supply 111 Description= Description= Description= Version= Version= Version= and fields, and include instructions as to whether the file modifies an existing modem file or should be added to the collection as a new file. File File File Version Version Version Description Description Description name name name CODEX CODEX Modem with MNP Protocol enabled DIR Direct connection, between two systems connected by a null modem cable. GVCV32 GVC 9600 V.32/V.42bis with smart options, serial port speed locked GVCV32G GVC V.32/V.42bis with autobaud, for answering calls from 2400 baud modems HAYES12 Hayes Smartmodem 1200 HAYES24 Generic Hayes Smartmodem at 2400 baud, disabling command echo HAYES241 Generic Hayes Smartmodem at 2400 baud HAYES24D Generic Hayes Smartmodem at 2400 baud INSATFAX Intel SatisFAXtion modem INTEL24E Intel 2400ex modem PPI-V32B PPI 14400FX V.32bis/V.42bis modem 10/04/93 121 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference QBLAZER Telebit QBlazer Modem - v32 mode with port locked at 9600 QBLAZER2 Telebit QBlazer Modem - v32 mode with speed shifting SAMPLE 1.12a Generic sample modem file with verbose comments SUPRA Supra V.32bis FAX modem with MNP 2, 5, and 10 SUPRA12 Supra V.32bis FAX modem with MNP disabled, 1200 baud only SUPRA24 Supra V.32bis FAX modem with MNP disabled SX1200 Microcom SX1200 MNP/4 modem with MNP 4 enabled SX1200D Microcom SX1200 MNP/4 modem with MNP disabled TB1000 Telebit Trailblazer T1000 TB2500 Telebit Trailblazer T2500 (V.32/V.42bis) with 7.x PROM upgrade TB2500A Telebit Trailblazer T2500 (V.32/V.42bis) with 7.x PROM upgrade TBPLUS Telebit Trailblazer Plus with 7.x PROM upgrade TBPMNP5 Telebit Trailblazer Plus with 4.x PROMs -- MNP5, but no V.42bis TBPPEP Telebit Trailblazer Plus locked into PEP mode -122- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files TBW56K Telebit WorldBlazer (V.32bis/V.42bis) modem, at 57.6 Kbaud TBWORLD Telebit WorldBlazer (V.32bis/V.42bis) modem TELEPATH Gateway 2000 Telepath modem USRCV32B U. S. Robotics V.32bis/V.42bis Courier Dual Standard USRSPORT U. S. Robotics Sportster V.32/V.42bis USRSPRT2 U. S. Robotics Sportster V.32/V.42bis WBDUMB Telebit WorldBlazer modem with MNP/5 and V.42bis disabled ZOOM2400 Zoom 2400/V.42bis, with V.42bis disabled ZOOM4BIS Zoom 2400/V.42bis with v.42/v.42bis options enabled ZOOMDUMB 1.12a Zoom VFX 14400 with V.42bis and MNP5 disabled ZOOMVFX 1.12a Zoom VFX 14400 modem locked into V.32/V.42bis mode ZOOMVFXB 1.12a Zoom VFX 14400 modem with smart options enabled ZOOMVFXT Zoom Turbo V.32/V.42bis modem ZYXEV32B ZyXEL U-1496E+ V.32bis/V.42bis modem 10/04/93 - 123 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference The UUPC/extended SYSTEMS file The UUPC/extended SYSTEMS file The UUPC/extended SYSTEMS file Introduction Introduction Introduction The SYSTEMS file contains the names of your UUCP neighbors, and describes how and when to communicate with them. The SYSTEMS file contains comments and system descriptions. As in the other system configuration files, any line beginning with "#" is treated as a comment. The system descriptions lines look like the following: hostname Time MODEM speed phone protocol expect-string send- string expect-string send-string... Example: Toscis's SYSTEMS file entry for kewgate looks like this: Any TB2500 19200 1-617-641-4817 g gin:--gin: kewgate Utoscis ssword:--ssword: AppleJuice The SYSTEMS file may contain several entries for the same remote system. If UUPC/extended can't connect to a system using the first entry in the SYSTEMS file, it tries the others. See Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file, page , for more details. 131 Each of the fields in the SYSTEMS file is described in the table below. Field Description Example name hostname Name of the system to call. vanilla Any system you call or are called by must be listed at least once in this file. You may include the same system more than once if you have multiple phone numbers for it. 124 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Time and When calls may be made to Any grade this system. Any Any Any allows calls 24 hours a Night Night Night day, Evening Evening Evening and refer to night and evening phone rates respectively. 44 Never Never Never is used for a system which you never dial, and usually used for systems which only call you. Note: Note: Note: See below under "Time" for a further explanation. MODEM Name of the modem file TB2500 (without the .MDM extension) used to call this system. Telephon Telephone number to call, 1-617-641-4817 e, host host name to connect to over mailserver.domain. name, or the network (when using name pipe suite). or named pipe TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP \\servername\pipe\ name to connect to (when using uucp NamedPipes NamedPipes NamedPipes 45 suite). p Protocol to use when calling. g (protoco If you don't know what l) protocols available, then leave the "g" alone. Note: Note: Note: See below under "Protocols" for a full list of available protocols. Specifically, the AT&T night rate is in effect from 11 PM to 8 44 AM every day, and from 11 PM Friday to Sunday at 5 PM. The UUCICO definition for Evening includes the times allowed for Night plus 5 PM to 11 PM everyday. When UUCICO listens on a named pipe, it always listens to the 45 hard coded name \pipe\uucp \pipe\uucp \pipe\uucp. 10/04/93 125 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference script Login script for the system. gin:--gin: Utoscis ssword:--ssword: Note: Note: Note: See below under AppleJuice "Scripts" for a further explanation. Time Time Time The Time field allows you to restrict the hours that your machine calls your neighbors. You can combine several different times to call into the Time field. When you do so, the times your machine is permitted to call is the or-combination of all of the times entered. Note: Note: Note: Time fields are ignored (treated as if you specify ) Any Any Any if the -n option is used on the UUCICO command line. The entries in the time field are combinations of labels and times. The labels represent days of the week, or groups of days, or combinations of days and times that match U. S. telephone rate schedules, like Evening Evening Evening Night Night Night or . The times are on a 24 hour clock, and must use four digits. The specified times are logically and-ed together with the times for the labels listed in the table below. Example: Example: Example: Mo0800-1700,Night In this example, the machine would be permitted to call out on Mondays between 8 AM and 5 PM, or at any time that night rates are in effect. (The exact time is in the table below.) Example: Example: Example: ROA0800-1700 In this example, the times listed below for ROA are and-ed with the times listed in the table, so in practice, the system will only be permitted to call out between 8 AM and 5 PM on Saturdays. If you don't care what time your machine calls your neighbors, put "Any" in the Time field. If you never want to call your neighbor (if they want to call you instead, for example), then put "Never" in the Time field. The other possible entries are: 126 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Keyword in Keyword in Keyword in Days of the week Days of the week Days of the week Time of day dialing can Time of day dialing can Time of day dialing can Systems File Systems File Systems File dialing can occur dialing can occur dialing can occur occur occur occur Any Any time at all 24 hours a day Never Never Never Never Wk Weekdays only 24 hours a day Mo Mondays only 24 hours a day Tu Tuesdays only 24 hours a day We Wednesdays only 24 hours a day Th Thursdays only 24 hours a day Fr Fridays only 24 hours a day Sa Saturdays only 24 hours a day Su Sundays only 24 hours a day Evening Monday through Friday 5 PM until 8 AM Weekends 24 hours a day Night Monday through Friday 11 PM until 8 AM Saturday 24 hours a day Sunday Midnight until 5 PM and after 11 PM 10/04/93 - 127 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference 46 NonPeak Weekdays 6 PM until 7 AM Weekends 24 hours a day 47 ROA Weekdays 10 PM until 8 AM Saturday 24 hours a day Sunday midnight until 5 PM and after 10 PM Call grades Call grades Call grades Each job which is queued for UUCICO to transfer has a call grade associated with it. This is simply the first letter of the job name after the system name as shown by the UUSTAT command. Grade has highest priority, and 0 0 0 has the lowest. Overall, the z z z priorities from highest to lowest are - 0 0 0 , and Z Z Z - A A A , 9 9 9 , in that z z z - a a a order. RMAIL queues jobs at class by default, and UUCP queues C C C jobs at class by default. n n n Normally these classes are of no concern to the end user, but if the local system must call long distance or has other reasons to restrict traffic processed at particular hours, then each time field in the SYSTEMS file may modified by appending a slash and the lowest call grade to processed at that time. For example, to process only mail during the day and all other files to a system at night, the SYSTEMS file time entry would like this: Any/C,Night Note: Note: Note: The processing of call grades is affected by both the grades used by the remote system, the use of the symmetricgrades symmetricgrades symmetricgrades option in the UUPC.RC file as described Error! Cannot open file. Error! Cannot open file. Error! Cannot open file. in , page 91, and use of the -g option on the UUCICO command line. These are the permitted hours for non-peak use of the Telenet 46 PC-Pursuit network as of summer, 1989. Your mileage and network vendor may vary. 47These are the permitted hours for use of AT&T's "Reach Out America" program. Some program features exist mainly because the program's author has a specific use for them. -128- 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files Protocols Protocols Protocols Two machines which talk to one another using UUCP can use one of several protocols to do so. Some of these protocols are more efficient than others, depending on the how fast and reliable the modem connection is, and whether or not 7- or 8- data bits are used in transmitting messages and files between them. UUPC/extended supports several different protocols, any of which might be used for talking to a remote system, depending on the circumstances. In addition, the protocols have tunable parameters, set in the modem [ ].MDM file, which can improve their performance, depending on the circumstances. The protocols, the names of their tunable parameters, and the circumstances under which you might choose a particular protocol are described in the table below. Protocol Protocol Protocol Tunable Tunable Tunable When to use the protocol When to use the protocol When to use the protocol parameters parameters parameters * none none none This flag denotes the entry is not for a UUCP system at all, but rather for calling the U.S. National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) atomic clock to set the local system time.48 Note: Note: Note: The NIST clock can be reached at 1-303-494-4774 at 1200 characters per second with no error correction. f fPacketSize This is intended for use over reliable fPacketTimeou 7-bit links such as X.25, where t XON/XOFF (software) flow control is MaximumErrors used instead of RTS/CTS (hardware). It is also only a 7-bit protocol, which means that it will be inefficient on binary data. The NIST was formerly called the National Bureau of Standards 48 (NBS). The sample SYSTEMS file includes an entry for calling NIST under the entry *nbstime. (A rose by any other name . . .) 10/04/93 - 129 - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference G BigGPacketSiz For supported systems, G protocol al- e lows for higher performance on high- BigGWindowSiz speed modems by increasing the number e of bytes between packet checksums and GPacketTimeou acknowledgments. Its drawback is that t the UNIX implementation of the G MaximumErrors protocol is only available on newer implementations (System V Release 4), and is hard to configure. g gPacketSize When attempting to make the FIRST gWindowSize connection to another system, use g GPacketTimeou protocol with the default packet size t of 64 bytes. It is widely supported. MaximumErrors The 'g' protocol is it is slow because its default configuration requires six bytes of overhead data to be transmitted for every sixty-four bytes of user data. The 'g' protocol also requires an acknowledgment after sending only 448 bytes of data, which is smaller than the internal buffer of many error correcting modems. This protocol should be also used with Telebit Modems and other modems which spoof the UUCP 'g' protocol for additional performance boosts. Spoofing modems generally only support 'g' protocol but have better performance compared to non-spoofing modems. 130 - - 10/04/93 UUPC/extended Configuration Files Configuration Files Configuration Files t tPacketTimeou This protocol is for use over reliable t network connections, such as TCP/IP or named pipes. With this protocol, files are transferred with no checksums to detect errors, which improves transfer speeds. Because no error correction is performed, this protocol is not not not available for modem connections.49 Note: Note: Note: If a network level error occurs, this protocol aborts with no retries. v vPacketSize When two UUPC/extended systems are vWindowSize connecting over high-speed, use v MaximumErrors protocol. The 'v' protocol supports larger packet sizes, while more flexible and easier to configure than 'g' or 'G' protocols. The main disadvantage to the 'v' protocol is that only UUPC/extended supports it.50 Scripts Scripts Scripts Finally, the last few fields of the system description are the strings that UUPC/extended expects, and will send, when it has successfully connected to the remote system, while it is trying to log in. The example above is a typical simple example. If you need something more complicated, then read Error! Bookmark Error! Bookmark Error! Bookmark not defined. not defined. not defined., page 35. Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file Multiple entries in the SYSTEMS file It is possible to have more than one entry in the SYSTEMS file for the same remote system. (See the example at the beginning of 49To prevent use of the 't' protocol over a modem connection, UUPC/extended UUCICO will not present it as an available protocol when another system logs in. 50If you use or connect to a system running Taylor UUCP, send a note to Ian Taylor (taylor@airs.com) asking him to add 'v' protocol support to his package. 10/04/93 131 - - UUPC/extended 1.12b Installation and Installation and Installation and User's Reference User's Reference User's Reference this section.) You might want to do this if one of your UUCP neighbors has several phone lines, or several ways of logging in. If the SYSTEMS file has multiple lines for one remote system in it, UUPC/extended uses the entries for the system in the order they appear until it gets connects to the remote system and completes the call. The call will not complete if: The time field specifies an entry should not be used The modem fails to initialize Your system doesn't connect to the remote system because of a busy signal or other dialing error The connection fails, because of trouble with the log-in script or an excessive number of bad packets. In other words, the later lines in the SYSTEMS file for the system will only be used if the first connection is not completely successful. Example: A system has SYSTEMS file entries for kewgate that looks like this: kewgate Any TB2500 19200 1-617-555-4817 g gin:--gin: Utoscis ssword:--ssword: AppleJuice kewgate Any TB2500 19200 1-617-555-4817 g gin:--gin: Utoscis ssword:--ssword: AppleJuice kewgate Night HAYES24 2400 1-617-555-4817 v gin:--gin: Utoscis ssword:--ssword: AppleJuice In the example, kewgate will be dialed up to three times until the call completes, twice using the TB2500 modem file and once using the HAYES24 modem file. Both TB2500 attempts are made at any hour, but the HAYES24 is only attempted at night. -132- 10/04/93