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- Network Working Group M. Crawford
- Request for Comments: 2464 Fermilab
- Obsoletes: 1972 December 1998
- Category: Standards Track
-
-
- Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
- Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
- Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
- and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Copyright Notice
-
- Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
-
- 1. Introduction
-
- This document specifies the frame format for transmission of IPv6
- packets and the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses and
- statelessly autoconfigured addresses on Ethernet networks. It also
- specifies the content of the Source/Target Link-layer Address option
- used in Router Solicitation, Router Advertisement, Neighbor
- Solicitation, Neighbor Advertisement and Redirect messages when those
- messages are transmitted on an Ethernet.
-
- This document replaces RFC 1972, "A Method for the Transmission of
- IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks", which will become historic.
-
- The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
- "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
- document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].
-
- 2. Maximum Transmission Unit
-
- The default MTU size for IPv6 [IPV6] packets on an Ethernet is 1500
- octets. This size may be reduced by a Router Advertisement [DISC]
- containing an MTU option which specifies a smaller MTU, or by manual
- configuration of each node. If a Router Advertisement received on an
- Ethernet interface has an MTU option specifying an MTU larger than
- 1500, or larger than a manually configured value, that MTU option may
- be logged to system management but must be otherwise ignored.
-
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 1]
-
- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- For purposes of this document, information received from DHCP is
- considered "manually configured" and the term Ethernet includes
- CSMA/CD and full-duplex subnetworks based on ISO/IEC 8802-3, with
- various data rates.
-
- 3. Frame Format
-
- IPv6 packets are transmitted in standard Ethernet frames. The
- Ethernet header contains the Destination and Source Ethernet
- addresses and the Ethernet type code, which must contain the value
- 86DD hexadecimal. The data field contains the IPv6 header followed
- immediately by the payload, and possibly padding octets to meet the
- minimum frame size for the Ethernet link.
-
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Destination |
- +- -+
- | Ethernet |
- +- -+
- | Address |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Source |
- +- -+
- | Ethernet |
- +- -+
- | Address |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1|
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | IPv6 |
- +- -+
- | header |
- +- -+
- | and |
- +- -+
- / payload ... /
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- (Each tic mark represents one bit.)
-
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 2]
-
- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- 4. Stateless Autoconfiguration
-
- The Interface Identifier [AARCH] for an Ethernet interface is based
- on the EUI-64 identifier [EUI64] derived from the interface's built-
- in 48-bit IEEE 802 address. The EUI-64 is formed as follows.
- (Canonical bit order is assumed throughout.)
-
- The OUI of the Ethernet address (the first three octets) becomes the
- company_id of the EUI-64 (the first three octets). The fourth and
- fifth octets of the EUI are set to the fixed value FFFE hexadecimal.
- The last three octets of the Ethernet address become the last three
- octets of the EUI-64.
-
- The Interface Identifier is then formed from the EUI-64 by
- complementing the "Universal/Local" (U/L) bit, which is the next-to-
- lowest order bit of the first octet of the EUI-64. Complementing
- this bit will generally change a 0 value to a 1, since an interface's
- built-in address is expected to be from a universally administered
- address space and hence have a globally unique value. A universally
- administered IEEE 802 address or an EUI-64 is signified by a 0 in the
- U/L bit position, while a globally unique IPv6 Interface Identifier
- is signified by a 1 in the corresponding position. For further
- discussion on this point, see [AARCH].
-
- For example, the Interface Identifier for an Ethernet interface whose
- built-in address is, in hexadecimal,
-
- 34-56-78-9A-BC-DE
-
- would be
-
- 36-56-78-FF-FE-9A-BC-DE.
-
- A different MAC address set manually or by software should not be
- used to derive the Interface Identifier. If such a MAC address must
- be used, its global uniqueness property should be reflected in the
- value of the U/L bit.
-
- An IPv6 address prefix used for stateless autoconfiguration [ACONF]
- of an Ethernet interface must have a length of 64 bits.
-
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 3]
-
- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- 5. Link-Local Addresses
-
- The IPv6 link-local address [AARCH] for an Ethernet interface is
- formed by appending the Interface Identifier, as defined above, to
- the prefix FE80::/64.
-
- 10 bits 54 bits 64 bits
- +----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
- |1111111010| (zeros) | Interface Identifier |
- +----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
-
- 6. Address Mapping -- Unicast
-
- The procedure for mapping IPv6 unicast addresses into Ethernet link-
- layer addresses is described in [DISC]. The Source/Target Link-layer
- Address option has the following form when the link layer is
- Ethernet.
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | |
- +- Ethernet -+
- | |
- +- Address -+
- | |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
- Option fields:
-
- Type 1 for Source Link-layer address.
- 2 for Target Link-layer address.
-
- Length 1 (in units of 8 octets).
-
- Ethernet Address
- The 48 bit Ethernet IEEE 802 address, in canonical bit
- order. This is the address the interface currently
- responds to, and may be different from the built-in
- address used to derive the Interface Identifier.
-
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 4]
-
- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- 7. Address Mapping -- Multicast
-
- An IPv6 packet with a multicast destination address DST, consisting
- of the sixteen octets DST[1] through DST[16], is transmitted to the
- Ethernet multicast address whose first two octets are the value 3333
- hexadecimal and whose last four octets are the last four octets of
- DST.
-
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- |0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1|0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1|
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | DST[13] | DST[14] |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | DST[15] | DST[16] |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
- 8. Differences From RFC 1972
-
- The following are the functional differences between this
- specification and RFC 1972.
-
- The Address Token, which was a node's 48-bit MAC address, is
- replaced with the Interface Identifier, which is 64 bits in
- length and based on the EUI-64 format [EUI64]. An IEEE-defined
- mapping exists from 48-bit MAC addresses to EUI-64 form.
-
- A prefix used for stateless autoconfiguration must now be 64 bits
- long rather than 80. The link-local prefix is also shortened to
- 64 bits.
-
- 9. Security Considerations
-
- The method of derivation of Interface Identifiers from MAC addresses
- is intended to preserve global uniqueness when possible. However,
- there is no protection from duplication through accident or forgery.
-
- 10. References
-
- [AARCH] Hinden, R. and S. Deering "IP Version 6 Addressing
- Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998.
-
- [ACONF] Thomson, S. and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address
- Autoconfiguration", RFC 2462, December 1998.
-
- [DISC] Narten, T., Nordmark, E. and W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery
- for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461, December 1998.
-
-
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 5]
-
- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- [EUI64] "Guidelines For 64-bit Global Identifier (EUI-64)",
- http://standards.ieee.org/db/oui/tutorials/EUI64.html
-
- [IPV6] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
- (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998.
-
- [RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
- Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
-
- 11. Author's Address
-
- Matt Crawford
- Fermilab MS 368
- PO Box 500
- Batavia, IL 60510
- USA
-
- Phone: +1 630 840-3461
- EMail: crawdad@fnal.gov
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 6]
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- RFC 2464 IPv6 Packets over Ethernet December 1998
-
-
- 12. Full Copyright Statement
-
- Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
-
- This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
- others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
- or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
- and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
- kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
- included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
- document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
- the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
- Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
- developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
- copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
- followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
- English.
-
- The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
- revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
-
- This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
- "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
- TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
- BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
- HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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- Crawford Standards Track [Page 7]
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