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- /* exceptions.h
-
- Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
-
- This file is part of Cygwin.
-
- This software is a copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
- Cygwin license. Please consult the file "CYGWIN_LICENSE" for
- details. */
-
- #ifndef _EXCEPTIONS_H
- #define _EXCEPTIONS_H
-
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- extern "C" {
- #endif /* __cplusplus */
-
- /* Documentation on the innards of exception handling (i.e. from the
- perspective of a compiler implementor) apparently doesn't exist. Sigh.
- However, the following came from Onno Hovers <onno@stack.urc.tue.nl>
-
- The first pointer to the chain of handlers is in the thread environment block
- at FS:[0]. This chain has the following format:
-
- typedef struct __EXCEPTION_FRAME
- {
- struct __EXCEPTION_FRAME *Prev; /-* pointer to the previous frame *-/
- PEXCEPTION_HANDLER Handler; /-* handler function *-/
- }
-
- You register an exception handler in your compiler with this simple ASM
- sequence:
- PUSH _MyExceptionHandler
- PUSH FS:[0]
- MOV FS:[0],ESP
- An exception frame MUST be on the stack! The frame may have more fields and
- both Visual C++ and Borland C++ use more fields for themselves.
-
- When an exception occurs the system calls all handlers starting with the
- handler at FS:0, and then the previous etc. until one handler returns
- ExceptionContinueExecution, which is 0. If a handler does not want to handle
- the exception it should just return ExceptionContinueSearch, which is 1.
-
- The handler has the following parameters:
- ehandler (
- PEXCEPTION_RECORD erecord,
- PEXCEPTION_FRAME myframe,
- PCONTEXT context, /-* context before and after *-/
- PVOID dispatch) /-* something *-/
-
- When a handler wants to handle the exception, it has some alternatives:
-
- -one is to do do something about the exception condition, like emulating
- an invalid instruction, mapping memory where there was a page fault, etc.
- If the handler wants to have the context of the thread that causes the
- exception changed, it should make that change in the context passed to the
- handler.
-
- -the second alternative is to call all exception handlers again, indicating
- that you want them to clean up. This way all the __finally blocks get
- executed. After doing that you change the context passed to the handler so
- the code starts executing in the except block. For this purpose you could
- call RtlUnwind. This (undocumented) function calls all exception handlers
- up to but not including the exception frame passed to it. If NULL is passed
- as exception frame RtlUnwind calls all exception handlers and then exits the
- process. The parameters to RtlUnwind are:
-
- RtlUnwind (
- PEXCEPTION_FRAME endframe,
- PVOID unusedEip,
- PEXCEPTION_RECORD erecord,
- DWORD returnEax)
-
- You should set unusedEip to the address where RtlUnwind should return like
- this:
- PUSH 0
- PUSH OFFSET ReturnUnwind
- PUSH 0
- PUSH 0
- CALL RtlUnwind
- ReturnUnwind:
- .....
-
- If no EXCEPTION_RECORD is passed, RtlUnwind makes a default exception
- record. In any case, the ExceptionFlags part of this record has the
- EH_UNWINDING (=2), flag set. (and EH_EXIT_UNWIND (=4), when NULL is passed as the end
- frame.).
-
- The handler for a exception as well as a for unwinds may be executed in the
- thread causing the exception, but may also be executed in another (special
- exception) thread. So it is not wise to make any assumptions about that!
-
- As an alternative you may consider the SetUnhandledExceptionFilter API
- to install your own exception filter. This one is documented.
- */
-
- /* The January 1994 MSJ has an article entitled "Clearer, More Comprehensive
- Error Processing with Win32 Structured Exception Handling". It goes into
- a teensy bit of detail of the innards of exception handling (i.e. what we
- have to do). */
-
- typedef int (exception_handler)
- (EXCEPTION_RECORD *, void *, CONTEXT *, void *);
-
- typedef struct _exception_list
- {
- struct _exception_list *prev;
- exception_handler *handler;
-
- /* We're apparently free to add more stuff here.
- At present we don't need any. */
- } exception_list;
-
- void init_exceptions (exception_list *);
-
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- };
- #endif /* __cplusplus */
-
- #endif /* _EXCEPTIONS_H */
-