Transcription: The Fulbright Program. The Fulbright Program was established in 1946 under legislation introduced by former U.S. Senator J. William Fulbright. Its aim is to increase mutual understanding between people of the United States and people of other countries. People-to-people exchange between the United States and Japan began in 1952. As of 2002, there are about 5,900 Japanese and 2,100 American Fulbright alumni between the two countries.