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- Subject: N-1-4-020.22
-
- Sciene & Technology Information for Developing Countries
- Wendy White
- <WWHITE%NAS.BITNET@vtvm2.cc.vt.edu>
-
-
- "Research questions are best tackled where the problems exist,"
- concludes Dr. Aiah Gbakima in an article he wrote recently in IDRC Reports.
- Yet Dr. Gbakima was conducting his research as a Senior Fulbright Research
- Fellow at Johns Hopkins University, not in his native Sierra Leone. He wrote,
- "The immediate access to information, superb facilities, and supportive
- faculty members enable me to conduct my research without distraction on
- onchocerca volvulus, the parasite causing river blindness that affects 17
- million people worldwide."
-
- Distractions? Dr. Gbakima does not mean the distractions of ringing
- telephones, urgent e-mail, or stacks of journals waiting to be read. He is
- speaking of the kinds of "distractions" I, too, have witnessed throughout the
- South.
-
- Dr. Gbakima said that on his university campus in Sierra Leone, "running
- water is only available for less than two hours a day. ... Electricity is
- supplied for only five hours each day, from 7:00 PM to midnight. Power surges
- can damage what equipment is available and there are no spare parts to fix
- it."
-
- Salaries of scientists in the South cannot always support family life.
- Run-away inflation absorbs any salary increases that are given. Many
- researchers must resort to second and third jobs in order to provide for their
- families, thus compromising time that could be devoted to research.
-
- To compete for scarce research funds, researchers must face the
- bureaucratic hassle of dealing with donors and their own governments. Only
- the heartiest and feistiest researcher can survive the battle of competing for
- research grants.
-
- Add to these "distractions" the burdens of poor communication systems --
- and I don't mean simply poor telephones. Transport is limited, roads are bad,
- fuel is scare. Dr. Gbakima relates, "I lived on a university campus some 140
- km from Freetown and I had to make a six-hour round trip to the city to phone
- overseas collaborators. Calls may get through after hours of waiting, but
- sometime the connection is never made. Information that could be simply
- obtained by a phone call can take days, weeks, or even months to arrive,
- depending on its source."
-
- It is no wonder, then, that qualified and talented researchers become
- discouraged and look for jobs overseas. This "brain drain", though, has
- terrible adverse effects on research capacity building in the South. The
- projects on which I and many others are engaged are looking for ways to stop
- this drain through the provision of low-cost but high-performance information
- technologies. Providing a means to communicate is one of the most important
- steps to be taken in improving the research environment in the South.
-