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- 040.31.3a Exploring Internet Gopherspace
- by Mark P. McCahill <mpm@boombox.micro.umn.edu>
-
- Internet Gopher is a simple protocol for building distributed information
- systems and organizing access to Internet resources. The design goal for Gopher
- is to make navigating the Internet and accessing distributed resources easy for
- naive and non-technical users.
-
- The Internet Gopher client software presents users with a virtual information
- matrix (gopherspace) that they can navigate by either browsing a hierarchical
- arrangement of items, or search by submitting queries to full-text search
- engines. For browsing in gopherspace, the gopher client software presents the
- user with lists of items from which the user selects an items of interest
- (typically by pointing and clicking with a mouse). For instance, at the
- University of Minnesota, a user might look for a salmon recipe by looking in
- the
- "fun & games" directory for the "recipes" directory which contains a "seafood"
- directory. Alternatively, the user can select an item called "Search lots of
- places at the University of Minnesota" to look for salmon; when this search
- engine is selected the user is prompted for what words to search for (salmon)
- and a full-text search is done by the server. The result of the search is a
- list
- of items that matched the search criteria.
-
- Although the Gopher protocol architecture supports distributed servers, access
- is transparent to the user. A gopher client is configured with the address of a
- single Gopher server. When the client is launched it contacts this server for
- an
- initial list of items to display to the user. Each item has a type associated
- with it so that the client software can differentiate between documents,
- directories, search engines, sounds, etc. The type descriptor also makes it
- easy
- to add functionality to the gopher protocol by defining new types. Each item
- also has a name (to be displayed to the user), a selector string (be sent to a
- server to get the contents of the item), and the port and domain name of the
- machine on which the item resides. Note that the machine name and port can
- easily be used to refer to other gopher servers; this makes it easy to
- construct
- links (pointers) to item that reside on other servers. Links to items that
- reside on other machines can be refer to individual documents, search engines,
- or directories (collections of items).
-
- Because there are gateways from gopher to other services, gopher clients can
- access information in WAIS, Archie, ftp, and USENET news. The gopher gateway to
- Archie translates ftp sites listed by Archie into items that a gopher client
- can
- access directly through the gopher to ftp gateway; this makes finding and
- fetching items via anonymous ftp seamless with a gopher client.
-
- The Internet Gopher software (clients: Macintosh, PC, NeXT, X-windows, VMS,
- VM/CMS, and Unix vt-100 terminal) (servers: Unix, NeXT, Macintosh, VMS, VM/CMS,
- and MVS) is available for anonymous ftp from boombox.micro.umn.edu in the
- /pub/gopher directory. Gopher is discussed on the gopher-news mailing list
- (send
- subscription requests to gopher-news-request@boombox.micro.umn.edu) as well as
- on the USENET newsgroup alt.gopher. For a quick look at gopherspace, you can
- telnet to consultant.micro.umn.edu and log in as "gopher"; for extended visits
- to gopherspace you will probably want to run a gopher client on your own
- machine.
-
-
- * Mark P. McCahill, gopherspace engineer, Computer and Information System
- University of Minnesota
-