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- N-1-1-050.01 National Network Legislation Enacted in U.S., by
- Mike Roberts, <roberts@ivory.educom.edu>
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-
- President George Bush signed the High Performance Computing Act of
- 1991 into law on December 9th, 1991. The legislation contains omnibus
- provisions covering computer hardware and software, science education,
- and the National Research and Education Network (NREN).
-
- The final bill closely parallels a federal program announced early in
- 1991 and brings Administration and Congressional proposals into
- alignment. It is anticipated that approximately U.S. $100 million
- will be available in each of the next five years for federally
- sponsored NREN development and deployment. These funds are allocated
- among a number of federal agencies whose programs include both
- research and production network components.
-
- A major goal of the NREN program is to demonstrate the feasibility of
- gigabit computer networking by 1996, a twenty-fold speedup from the 45
- megabit per second capacity of some backbone links currently operating
- in the U.S., most notably on NSFNET, which currently serves as the
- means for connectivity to the Internet for nearly all American
- colleges and universities. More than 500 of the approximately 1400
- four year institutions of higher education in the U.S., which includes
- well over half of the total faculty and student population of 14
- million, are now connected to NSFNET and the Internet.
-
- The legislation passed unanimously in both houses of Congress
- following a three year effort by a partnership of American
- universities, research laboratories and organizations, supercomputer
- centers, and private sector computer and communications companies.
- The bill was delayed in recent months by internal debate within the
- Congress and the Administration over management roles for the NREN.
- In a last minute compromise, the bill was amended to leave
- responsibility for designation of network managers with the White
- House.
-
- In related developments, the National Science Foundation (NSF)
- recently made two announcements of its networking plans. In
- September, Steven Wolff, Director of the Networking Division in NSF,
- formed a new program office for the NREN and named Robert Aiken,
- formerly of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, to be its head. Aiken
- is preparing a development plan for the next three years, during which
- time the network will be called the Interim Interagency NREN to
- reflect its joint support by several federal agencies, and its
- pre-gigabit deployment character.
-
- On November 26th, Wolff announced that the National Science Board had
- approved a proposal that the NSFNET backbone be continued for three
- additional years, and that a new cooperative agreement for its
- operation be solicited on a competitive basis in 1992. As part of the
- new solicitation, NSF intends to separate the responsibility for
- routing from that of circuits and packet switches. As a result, it is
- likely that multiple awards will be made for the provision of backbone
- connectivity in various parts of the U.S., while a single award is
- made for a routing authority, whose responsibilities will be broadened
- beyond NSFNET to include both national and international components of
- the Internet, working cooperatively with national authorities in other
- countries.
-