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- N-1-1-020.20.3 Library Science, by Michael Breaks,
- <LIBMLB@vaxb.heriot-watt.ac.uk>
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- Libraries are becoming heavy users of the network both for their
- operations and to provide information services for their users. There
- are a range of applications already in use, including:
-
- (i) electronic mail for individual communication and for
- the provision of specialist discussion lists, exchange
- of information;
-
- (ii) access to OPAC's (Online Public Access Catalogues)
- connected to campus networks;
-
- (iii) exchange of bibliographic records, which are more
- cost-effectively produced on a shared basis;
-
- (iv) transmission of inter-lending requests and experiments
- with transmission of full text documents for direct
- supply to end-users;
-
- (v) access to remote databases, such as the UNCOVER journal
- article database or to the three ISI Citation Indexes
- available over the JANET network to staff and students
- in UK universities.
-
- However, as the number of resources available on the network
- increases, there are several major problems emerging:
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- * it is increasingly difficult for a user to identify and
- locate potential relevant resources to satisfy a need for
- information in a specific area, particularly if the user is
- not a specialist in that area.
-
- * each resource is mounted as part of its own independent
- information retrieval system and there is a need to learn a
- new, unique user interface for each resource.
-
- * there is no simple way to move results from one system to
- another for consolidation, analysis, and storage since access
- to each system is through remote login.
-
- These problems are is being addressed in a number of ways:
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- (i) through the development of Internet resource directories,
- but they will need to provide the facilities of deep
- indexing and convenient searching.
-
- (ii) front-end based systems that provide the user with a
- common interface to a range of disparate systems, but
- this is currently only in the form of menu gateways which
- provide login facilities to remote services.
-
- (iii) the development of applications-layer protocols, such
- as Z39.50 or Search and Retrieve, which allow a client
- machine to submit a search to a server, manage the search
- process and learn the outcome.
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- The establishment of the NREN (National Research and Education Network)
- in the USA has been strongly supported by the library community and
- the Association for Research Libraries (ARL), EDUCOM, and CAUSE have
- recently formed the Coalition for Networked Information (CNI) to
- promote and address issues related to the availability and role of
- networked information resources. CNI's agenda is "to develop a set of
- initiatives to address the public policy issues and to identify and
- assign priorities for the provision of information resources on the
- NREN." Issues will include:
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- * intellectual property rights
- * standards
- * licensing
- * service arrangements
- * charging algorithms and cost-recovery fees
- * economic models
- * identifying information resources for NREN.
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- The recent approval for funding for the SuperJANET network in the UK,
- will be encouraging similar organisational initiatives there building
- on the already close relations between libraries and computing
- centres. Access to networked information resources will soon be one
- of the major issues in the development of national computer networks.
-