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- Recommendation R.103(R.1xy)
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- CODE AND SPEED-DEPENDANT TDM 600 BIT/S SYSTEM FOR USE IN
- POINT-TO-POINT OR BRANCH-LINE MULDEX CONFIGURATIONS
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- The CCITT,
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- considering
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- (a) that telex subscribers are often geographically located in small
- groups;
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- (b) that TDM multiplexing systems are economical for the transmission of
- large numbers of channels;
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- (c) that certain telex switches handle TDM frames in accordance with
- Series-R Recommendations directly and that frame fill should be optimized;
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- (d) that telex switches handle channels at 50 bauds and a 7.5 unit code;
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- (e) that a facility for regenerating start-stop signals is used in new
- TELEX networks;
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- (f) that the branch-line multiplexing system should be capable of
- accepting and regenerating all the signals of the TELEX signalling system;
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- (g) that the minimum signal transfer delay through TDM systems is achieved
- by the transmission of interleaved elements;
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- recommends
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- that, where branch-line remote or low multiplex capacity TDM systems are
- to be used for telegraphy, the equipment shall comply with the following
- standards:
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- 1. System capacity
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- The system shall be capable of multiplexing up to 8 channels at 50
- bauds (7.5 bits including a stop element of 1.5 units).
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- 2. Start-stop channel inputs
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- 2.1 The modulation rate tolerance that shall be accepted on incoming 50 baud
- start-stop signals with a stop element of 1.4 units shall be at least + 1.4%.
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- 2.2 When receiving characters at 50 bauds having nominally 1.5-unit stop elements,
- the system shall be capable of transmitting without error isolated incoming characters
- that have a 1-unit stop element, occurring at a maximum rate of one per second.
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- 2.3 The minimum interval between start elements of undistorted successive continuous
- characters that may be presented at the channel input when the nominal modulation rate
- is 50 bauds shall be 145 5/6 ms.
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- 2.4 There shall be no restriction on the continuous transmission of all characters
- (including combination No. 32 of International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2) when they are
- presented at the maximum permitted rate.
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- 2.5 The effective net margin on all channel inputs when undistorted signals are
- received from a transmitter having a nominal character length and rate shall be at least
- 40%.
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- 2.6 At the nominal modulation rate of 50 bauds, an input character start element
- shall be rejected if it is less than 0.4 units duration and shall be accepted if it is
- more than 0.6 units duration.
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- 2.7 Elements corresponding to start polarity (at the distant multiplexer output)
- shall be inserted in the aggregate stream if the channels are unequipped.
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- 2.8 In the case of an open-circuit line condition at the start-stop channel input, it
- shall be possible to choose to transmit elements corresponding to a steady start or stop
- polarity in the aggregate bit stream, according to the availability polarity selected.
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- 3. Start-stop channel outputs
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- 3.1 The maximum degree of gross start-stop distortion, produced by the system on a
- start-stop channel, shall be 3% for all modulation rates.
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- 3.2 The maximum difference possible between the mean modulation rate of the channel
- output signals and the nominal modulation rate shall be 0.2%.
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- 3.3 The minimum stop element duration released at the output shall be 1.25 units,
- whatever the distortion, the length of the stop element or the input rate within the
- range specified in 2.1 - 2.4 of this Recommendation of the character recognized at the
- other end, whether this character is in accordance with this Recommendation or
- Recommendations R.101, R.102 or R.112 (for a rate of 50 bauds and a 7.5 unit code).
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- 3.4 Within 6 ms of the recognition of one of the failures described in 8.3 and 8.4 or
- carrier loss signalled by the modem, the steady polarity as selected in accordance with
- 2.8 shall be applied to the channel outputs of the TDM system affected.
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- 3.5 The affected terminal shall signal its synchronization status to the distant
- terminal over the signalling channel provided (control channel).
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- 4. Multiplexing details
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- 4.1 Channel interleaving shall be on a bit-by-bit multiplexing basis.
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- 4.2 Both start and stop elements of each input character shall be transmitted through
- the aggregate.
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- 4.3 The transfer delay shall not exceed 60 ms.
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- 5. Frame structure
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- 5.1 A unique frame of 12 bits, of duration 20 ms, equivalent to an aggregate signal
- rate of 600 bit/s shall be used, as shown in Table 1/R.1xy:
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- TABLE 1/R.1xy
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- Frame details
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- 5.2 The frame may be considered as a 600 bit/s start/stop character, time slot "12"
- being the start element of polarity A, slots 10 and 11 forming the stop element of
- polarity Z, as shown in Figure 1/R.1xy.
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- FIGURE 1/R.1xy
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- Branch-line muldex frame
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- 6. Aggregate signal details
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- 6.1 The aggregate signal rate shall be 600 bit/s. The tolerance on the modulation
- rate of the receive aggregate signals of the TDM system shall be between +2.3% and -
- 0.5%.
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- 6.2 The effective net margin of the aggregate signal receiver of the TDM system shall
- be at least 40%.
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- 6.3 The maximum degree of isochronous distortion of the send aggregate signals of the
- TDM system shall be 5%.
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- 6.4 When the TDM system is operated over an international telephone-type circuit, a
- modem complying with the appropriate aspects of the Series-V Recommendations (in
- particular Recommendation V.23) should preferably be employed.
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- 7. Control channel encoding
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- 7.1 The 50 bit/s control channel, the position of which in the frame described in 5
- is accurately known, enables all risk of imitation to be eliminated.
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- 7.2 The structure of the control channel shall be in accordance with Figure 2/R.1xy.
- It corresponds to an anisochronous character with a recurrence of 240 ms, formed from a
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- one unit start element of polarity Z, five information elements and a six unit stop
- element of polarity A.
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- FIGURE 2/R.1.xy
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- Branch-line muldex control channel
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- 7.3 The control channel information provides for the transmission of information in
- accordance with Table 2/R.1xy.
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- TABLE 2/R.1xy
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- Information transmitted by the control channel
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- Note - The least significant bits are sent first.
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- 8. Synchronizing
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- 8.1 The maximum average synchronization time in the absence of error and imitation
- shall be 600 ms.
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- 8.2 Synchronism shall be considered achieved after recognition of the frame
- positioning pattern (sequence of two elements of polarity Z followed by an element of
- polarity A) as described in 5 and at least two successive recognitions of the control
- channel (6 elements of polarity A followed by one element of polarity Z modulo 12) in
- compliance with 7.
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- 8.3 The maximum time loss of sychronization due to a steady polarity signal shall be
- 120 ms.
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- 8.4 The maximum time loss of synchronization for repeated error on the
- synchronization pattern in the control channel shall be 380 ms.
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- 9. Telex signalling
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- 9.1 Specifications for the signals used to establish, to clear and to control telex
- calls are laid down in Recommendation U.1 (types A and B), U.11 (type C) and U.12
- (type D). Recommendation U.25 lists the modes of both-way telex signalling on a single
- circuit and the signalling combinations on a given aggregate that a TDM terminal shall
- be capable of handling.
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- 9.2 Recommendation U.25 also lays down the tolerances on the control signals from a
- TDM terminal to telex and vice versa.
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- 10. Maintenance
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- The branch looping facilities shall remain in accordance with
- Recommendation R.115.
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- 11. Numbering of channels
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- The numbering of channels for the branch line telegraph muldex is given in
- Tables 1/R.114 and 4/R.114 in accordance with the numbering scheme concerning
- Recommendations R.101 and R.102.
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- 12. Channel selection
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- Remote channels shall be grouped so as to provide maximum ease of use of
- heterogeneous frames, a time slot allocation involving little variation in the sampling
- rate being retained.
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- The selection of channel grouping and the method used shall be based on bilateral
- agreement, particularly when the channels of an existing system have to be branched
- without there being any possibility of a reconfiguration of the whole.
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- Tables 3 and 4/R.1xy give an example of remote channel grouping on the basis of
- muldexes in conformity with Recommendation R.101 or R.102.
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- TABLE 3/R.1xy
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- Example of grouping of remote channels for an R.101 muldex
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- 1) Although incomplete, a sixth remote channel could be implemented with the
- remaining 50 baud channels.
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- 2) Channel 0516 may not be remoted when the corresponding TS is used to transmit the
- maintenance channel in the R.101 multiplexer.
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- TABLE 4/R.1xy
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- Example of grouping of remote channels for an R.102 muldex
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