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- Residual Error Rate
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- Residual Error Rate is defined for both the additional packet-mode bearer services and the corresponding layer
- services.
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- The layer services corresponding to the additional packet-mode bearer services are characterized by the exchange
- of Service Data Units (SDUs). For Frame Relaying 1 SDUs are exchanged at the functional boundary between the core
- functions of I.441* and the end-to-end protocol implemented above them. For France Relaying 2 and Frame Switch-
- ing, SDUs are exchanged at the functional boundary between the complete I.441* and the end-to-end functions
- implemented above I.441*. For X.25 based Additional Packet Mode Service, SDUs are exchanged at the functional
- boundary of X.25 PLP (DTP) and the end-to-end functions implemented above.
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- The network participates in this exchange by means of Protocol Data Units (PDUs). In Frame Relaying 1 and 2
- PDUs are frames as defined in the core functions of I.441*, in Frame Switching PDUs are frames as defined in I.441*,
- while in X.25 based APMS they are packets as defined in X.25 PLP.
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- The Residual Error Rate for the corresponding layer service of APMS is defined as:
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- Total correct SDUs delivered
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- R = 1 -
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- total offered SDUs
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- The Residual Error Rate for the APMSs is defined as the ratio:
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- Total correct PDUs delivered
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- R = 1 -
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- total offered PDUs
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- The U-plane capabilities are the same as in X.25 PLP Data Transfer
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- Part (DTP).
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- In the C-plane all signalling capabilities for call control, parameter nogotiation, etc., are based on a common set
- of protocols (e.g. 1.451 extended) as for all ISDN telecommunication services. In the case of permanent virtual cir-
- cuits (PVC) no real time call establishment is necessary and any parameters are agreed upon at subscription time.
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- 3. User-network interface protocol reference model
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- Figure 1/I.122 is a direct application of the ISDN protocol reference
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- Note 1 - The U-Plane functions applicable to each bearer service are
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- given in Table 1/I.122.
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- Note 2 - The core functions of Recommendation I.441 are described in
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- section 3.1.
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- Note 3 - The U-Plane functions provided by the network at the S/T
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- reference point are determined by the network after negotiation with
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- the user, based on the requested bearer service and associated parameters.
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- These functions are user selectable for each call. A network may choose
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- not to implement the full set of options. These functions may not be available one by one. So far only three groupings have
- been identified: a) the null set, b) the upper part of I.441, and c) the upper part of I.441 and the data transfer part of X.25
- PLP.
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- If not already prescribed by the selected packet mode bearer
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- service, the user may also implement functions such as, for example,
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- recovery from detected transmission, format, and operational errors
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- above the core functions using the full procedures of Recommendation 1.441.
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- Additional functions such as flow control may also be implemented. For
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- example, X.25 data transfer functions may also be implemented above the
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- preceding stack.
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- Note 1 - I.441* (upper) is one protocol. Other standard or proprietary
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- protocols may also be used. Additional requirements may be placed on
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- terminals depending on the congestion control and throughput enforcement
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- used.
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- FIGURE A-1/I.122
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- Frame relaying 1 service
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- U-Plane
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- No additional (note) U-plane functions visible to the users are performed by the network. If needed by the application, addi-
- tional functions are performed
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- end-to-end by layers(s) above the core functions.
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- Note - Some additional auxiliary U-plane functions such as reset or explicit congestion control may be defined if needed
- from the service perspective.
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- A.2.2 Frame relaying 2
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- The U-plane configuration for this service is shown in Figure A-2/I.122 below:
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- The terminals operate end-to-end with the complete I.441* protocol.
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- In all other cases, the frame is relayed to one of the adjacent nodes according to the routing plan established at call setup
- time, or at subscription time (if the network is providing a permanent virtual circuit service).
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-
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- No additional (note) U-plane function visible to the users are performed by the network. If needed by the application, addi-
- tional functions are performed end- to-end by layer(s) above the core functions.
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- Note : - Some additional auxilary U-plane functions such as reset or explicit congestion control may be defined if needed
- from the service perspective.
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- The bearer service provided by the network at the S/T reference point supports the full Recommendation I.441 function.
- Received frames that satisfy the
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- Recommendation I.441 procedure are passed on to an adjacent node according
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- to a routing plant established at call set up time, or at subscription
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- time.
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- No additional U-plane functions visible to the users are performed in the
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- network. If needed by the application, additional functions are performed
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- end-to-end by layer(s) above layer 2.
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- A.2.4 X.25-based additional packet mode
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- The U-plane configuration can comprise several nodes having layer 1,
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- layer 2, and layer 3 functions as is shown in Figure A-4/I.122.
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- Figure A-4/I.122 shows the network in a generic way and illustrates all
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- functions up to and including layer 3. Other configurations with nodes
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- making use only of the core aspects of Recommendation I.441 as defined
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- in section 3.1 are possible.
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