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- INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
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- CCITT I.121
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- THE INTERNATIONAL
- TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE
- CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE
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- INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK
- (ISDN) GENERAL STRUCTURE AND
- SERVICE CAPABILITIES
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- BROADBAND ASPECTS OF ISDN
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- Recommendation I.121
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- Geneva, 1991
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- Printed in Switzerland
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- FOREWORD
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- The CCITT (the International Telegraph and Telephone
- Consultative Committee) is a permanent organ of the International
- Telecommunication Union (ITU). CCITT is responsible for studying
- technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing
- Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing
- telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
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- The Plenary Assembly of CCITT which meets every four years,
- establishes the topics for study and approves Recommendations
- prepared by its Study Groups. The approval of Recommendations by
- the members of CCITT between Plenary Assemblies is covered by the
- procedure laid down in CCITT Resolution No. 2 (Melbourne, 1988).
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- Recommendation I.121 was prepared by Study Group XVIII and was
- approved under the Resolution No. 2 procedure on the 5 of April
- 1991.
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- ___________________
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- CCITT NOTES
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- 1) In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is
- used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication
- Administration and a recognized private operating agency.
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- 2) A list of abbreviations used in this Recommendation can be
- found in Annex A.
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- a ITU 1991
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- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
- or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing
- from the ITU.
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- Preamble to B-ISDN Recommendations
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- In 1990, CCITT SG XVIII approved a first set of
- Recommendations on B-ISDN. These are:
- I.113 - Vocabulary of terms for broadband aspects of ISDN
- I.121 - Broadband aspects of ISDN
- I.150 - B-ISDN asynchronous transfer mode functional
- characteristics
- I.211 - B-ISDN service aspects
- I.311 - B-ISDN general network aspects
- I.321 - B-ISDN Protocol Reference Model and its application
- I.327 - B-ISDN functional architecture
- I.361 - B-ISDN ATM Layer specification
- I.362 - B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) functional
- description
- I.363 - B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) specification
- I.413 - B-ISDN user-network interface
- I.432 - B-ISDN user-network interface - Physical Layer
- specification
- I.610 - Operation and maintenance principles of B-ISDN access
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- These Recommendations address general B-ISDN aspects as well
- as specific service- and network-oriented issues, the fundamental
- characteristics of the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), a first
- set of relevant ATM oriented parameters and their application at
- the user-network interface as well as impact on operation and
- maintenance of the B-ISDN access. They are an integral part of the
- well established I-Series Recommendations. The set of
- Recommendations are intended to serve as a consolidated basis for
- ongoing work relative to B-ISDN both within CCITT and in other
- organizations. They may also be used as a first basis towards the
- development of network elements.
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- CCITT will continue to further develop and complete these
- Recommendations in areas where there are unresolved issues and
- develop additional Recommendations on B-ISDN in the I-Series and
- other series in the future.
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- PAGE BLANCHE
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- Recommendation I.121
- Recommendation I.121
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- BROADBAND ASPECTS OF ISDN
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- (revised 1990)
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- 0 Foreword
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- This Recommendation states the basic principles of broadband
- aspects of integrated services digital network (B-ISDN) and
- indicates further developments of the ISDN network capabilities in
- order to support more advanced services and applications.
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- The B-ISDN Recommendations were written taking into account
- the following:
- - the emerging demand for broadband services;
- - the availability of high speed transmission, switching and
- signal processing technologies;
- - the improved data and image processing capabilities
- available to the user;
- - the advances in software application processing in the
- computer and telecommunication industries;
- - the need to integrate both interactive and distribution
- services;
- - the need to integrate both circuit and packet transfer mode
- into one universal broadband network;
- - the need to provide flexibility in satisfying the
- requirements of both user and operator;
- - the need to cover broadband aspects of ISDN in CCITT
- Recommendations.
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- 1 General
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- 1.1 The main feature of the ISDN concept is the support of a wide
- range of audio, video and data applications in the same network. A
- key element of service integration for an ISDN is the provision of
- a wide range of services to a broad variety of users utilizing a
- limited set of connection types and multipurpose user/network
- interfaces.
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- 1.2 In the context of this Recommendation, the term B-ISDN is used
- for convenience in order to refer to and emphasize the broadband
- aspects of ISDN. The intent, however, is that there be one
- comprehensive notion of an ISDN which provides broadband and other
- ISDN services.
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- 2 Principles of B-ISDN
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- 2.1 Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is the transfer mode for
- implementing B-ISDN and is independent of the means of transport at
- the Physical Layer.
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- 2.2 B-ISDN supports switched, semi-permanent and permanent, point-
- to-point and point-to-multipoint connections and provides on
- demand, reserved and permanent services. Connections in B-ISDN
- support both circuit mode and packet mode services of a mono-
- and/or multimedia type and of a connectionless or connection-
- oriented nature and in a bidirectional or unidirectional
- configuration.
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- 2.3 The B-ISDN architecture is detailed in functional terms and
- is, therefore, technology and implementation independent.
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- 2.4 A B-ISDN will contain intelligent capabilities for the purpose
- of providing advanced service characteristics, supporting powerful
- operation and maintenance tools, network control and management.
- Further inclusion of additional intelligent features has to be
- considered in an overall context and may be allocated to different
- network/terminal elements.
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- 2.5 Since the B-ISDN is based on overall ISDN concepts, the ISDN
- access reference configuration is also the basis for the B-ISDN
- access reference configuration.
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- 2.6 A layered structure approach, as used in established ISDN
- protocols, is also appropriate for similar studies in B-ISDN. This
- approach should also be used for studies on other overall aspects
- of B-ISDN including information transfer, control, intelligence and
- management.
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- 2.7 Any extension of network capabilities or change in network
- performance parameters will not degrade the quality of service of
- existing services.
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- 2.8 The evolution to B-ISDN should ensure the continued support of
- existing interfaces and services.
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- 2.9 New network capabilities will be incorporated into B-ISDN in
- evolutionary steps to meet new user requirements and accommodate
- advances in network developments and progress in technology.
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- 2.10 It is recognized that B-ISDN may be implemented in a variety
- of ways according to specific national situations.
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- 3 Characteristics of an ATM-based B-ISDN
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- The underlaying asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) of the B-ISDN
- provides some specific, advantageous facilities:
- - high flexibility of network access due to the cell
- transport concept and specific cell transfer principles;
- - dynamic bandwidth allocation on demand with a fine degree
- of granularity;
- - flexible bearer capability allocation and easy provision of
- semipermanent connections due to the virtual path concept;
- - independence of the means of transport at the Physical
- Layer.
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- 4 Evolution
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- 4.1 B-ISDN will be based on the concepts developed for ISDN and
- may evolve by progressively incorporating directly into the network
- additional B-ISDN functions enabling new and advanced services.
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- 4.2 The deployment of B-ISDN may require a period of time
- extending over one, or more, decade(s) as operators seek to find
- the most economic means of evolving to the B-ISDN. These
- evolutionary phases (e.g. deployment of metropolitan area networks,
- passive optical networks, local area networks and also satellite
- based networks) will need to be harmonized with the overall B-ISDN
- concepts ensuring the continued support of existing interfaces and
- services and be eventually integrated with the B-ISDN. In these
- evolutionary phases appropriate arrangements must be developed for
- the interworking of services on B-ISDN and services on other
- networks.
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- 4.3 In the evolution towards a B-ISDN, some digital end-to-end
- connections may in part use digital transmission and switching
- equipment that has not been optimized for the B-ISDN, e.g. G.702
- plesiochronous digital hierarchy transmission systems. Such
- connections may provide a reduced maximum service bit rate at the
- user-network interface (UNI).
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- ANNEX A
- (to Recommendation I.121)
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- Alphabetical list of abbreviations contained in this Recommendation
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- ATM Asynchronous transfer mode
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- B-ISDN Broadband aspects of integrated
- services digital network
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