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- .rs
- .\" Troff code generated by TPS Convert from ITU Original Files
- .\" Not Copyright (~c) 1991
- .\"
- .\" Assumes tbl, eqn, MS macros, and lots of luck.
- .TA 1c 2c 3c 4c 5c 6c 7c 8c
- .ds CH
- .ds CF
- .EQ
- delim @@
- .EN
- .nr LL 40.5P
- .nr ll 40.5P
- .nr HM 3P
- .nr FM 6P
- .nr PO 4P
- .nr PD 9p
- .po 4P
-
- .rs
- \v'|.5i'
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fBRecommendation\ X.224\fR
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .ce 1000
- \fBTRANSPORT\ PROTOCOL\ SPECIFICATION\ FOR\ OPEN\fR
- .EF '% Fascicle\ VIII.5\ \(em\ Rec.\ X.224''
- .OF '''Fascicle\ VIII.5\ \(em\ Rec.\ X.224 %'
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .ce 1000
- \fBSYSTEMS\ INTERCONNECTION\ FOR\ CCITT\ APPLICATIONS\fR
- .FS
- Recommendation X.224 and ISO 8073 (Information Processing Systems\ \(em\
- Open Systems
- Interconnection\ \(em\ Transport Protocol Specification) were developed
- in close
- collaboration and are technically aligned, except for the differences noted
- in Appendix\ II.
- .FE
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .ce 1000
- \fI(Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; amended at Melbourne, 1988)\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- The CCITT,
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIconsidering\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- (a)
- that Recommendation X.200 defines the Reference Model of Open Systems Interconnection
- for CCITT Applications;
- .PP
- (b)
- that Recommendation X.214 is the Transport Service
- Definition for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT Applications;
- .PP
- (c)
- that Recommendation X.213 is the Network Service
- Definition for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT Applications;
- .PP
- (d)
- that Recommendation T.70 defines the Network\(hyIndependent Basic Transport
- Service for Teletex,
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIunanimously declares\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- (1)
- that scope, field of application, references,
- definitions, symbols and abbreviations are given in \(sc\(sc\ 1 to\ 4;
- .PP
- (2)
- that the Transport Protocol is overviewed in
- \(sc\ 5;
- .PP
- (3)
- that the elements of procedure are as specified in
- \(sc\ 6;
- .PP
- (4)
- that the classes of protocol are as specified in
- \(sc\(sc\ 7 to 12;
- .PP
- (5)
- that the structure and encoding of the transport
- protocol data units is as specified in \(sc\ 13;
- .PP
- (6)
- that the conformance requirements are as specified in
- \(sc\ 14;
- .PP
- (7)
- that the state table description of the Transport
- Protocol is contained in Annex\ A.
- .sp 1P
- .ce 1000
- \fBCONTENTS\fR
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 0
- \fIIntroduction\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 1
- \fIScope and field of application\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 2
- \fIReferences\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3
- \fIDefinitions\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4
- \fISymbols and abbreviations\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5
- \fIOverview of the transport protocol\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 5.1
- Service provided by the transport layer
- .LP
- 5.2
- Service assumed from the network layer
- .LP
- 5.3
- Functions of the transport layer
- .LP
- 5.4
- Classes and options
- .LP
- 5.5
- Model of the transport layer
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6
- \fIElements of procedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 6.1
- Assignment to network connection
- .LP
- 6.2
- Transport protocol data unit (TPDU) transfer
- .LP
- 6.3
- Segmenting and reassembling
- .LP
- 6.4
- Concatenation and separation
- .LP
- 6.5
- Connection establishment
- .LP
- 6.6
- Connection refusal
- .LP
- 6.7
- Normal release
- .LP
- 6.8
- Error release
- .LP
- 6.9
- Association of TPDUs with transport connections
- .LP
- 6.10
- Data TPDU numbering
- .LP
- 6.11
- Expedited data transfer
- .LP
- 6.12
- Reassignment after failure
- .LP
- 6.13
- Retention until acknowledgment of TPDUs
- .LP
- 6.14
- Resynchronization
- .LP
- 6.15
- Multiplexing and demultiplexing
- .LP
- 6.16
- Explicit flow control
- .LP
- 6.17
- Checksum
- .LP
- 6.18
- Frozen references
- .LP
- 6.19
- Retransmission on timeout
- .LP
- 6.20
- Resequencing
- .LP
- 6.21
- Inactivity control
- .LP
- 6.22
- Treatment of protocol errors
- .LP
- 6.23
- Splitting and recombining
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 7
- \fIProtocol classes\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8
- \fISpecification for Class 0: Simple Class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 8.1
- Functions of Class 0
- .LP
- 8.2
- Procedures for Class 0
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9
- \fISpecification for Class 1: basic error recovery class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 9.1
- Functions of Class 1
- .LP
- 9.2
- Procedures for Class 1
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10
- \fISpecification for Class 2: multiplexing class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 10.1
- Functions of Class 2
- .LP
- 10.2
- Procedures for Class 2
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11
- \fISpecification for Class 3: error recovery and multiplexing class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 11.1
- Functions of Class 3
- .LP
- 11.2
- Procedures for Class 3
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 12
- \fISpecification for Class 4: error detection and recovery class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 12.1
- Functions of Class 4
- .LP
- 12.2
- Procedures for Class 4
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 13
- \fIStructure and encoding of TPDUs\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- 13.1
- Validity
- .LP
- 13.2
- Structure
- .LP
- 13.3
- Connection request (CR) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.4
- Connection confirm (CC) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.5
- Disconnect request (DR) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.6
- Disconnect confirm (DC) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.7
- Data (DT) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.8
- Expedited data (ED) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.9
- Data acknowledgment (AK) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.10
- Expedited data acknowledgment (EA)
- .LP
- 13.11
- Reject (RJ) TPDU
- .LP
- 13.12
- TPDU error (ER) TPDU
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 14
- \fIConformance\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIAnnex\ A\fR \(em
- State Tables
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIAnnex\ B\fR \(em
- Transport Protocol Identification
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIAppendix\ I\fR \(em
- Checksum Algorithms
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- \fIApendix\ II\fR \(em
- Differences between Recommendation X.224 and
- ISO 8073 (1986)
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB0\fR \fBIntroduction\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- The Transport Protocol is one of a set of Recommendations produced to facilitate
- the interconnection of computer systems. The set of
- Recommendations covers the services and protocols required to achieve such
- interconnection.
- .PP
- The Transport Protocol is positioned with respect to other related
- Recommendations by the layers defined in the Reference Model of Open Systems
- Interconnection for CCITT Applications\ [1]. It is most closely
- related to, and lies within the field of application of the Transport
- Service\ [2]. It also uses and makes reference to the Network Service\ [3],
- whose provisions it assumes in order to accomplish the transport
- protocol's aims. The interrelationship of these Recommendations is depicted
- in Figure\ 1/X.224.
- .RT
- .LP
- .rs
- .sp 13P
- .ad r
- \fBFigure 1/X.224, (N), p.\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
- .PP
- This Recommendation specifies a common encoding and a number of
- classes of transport protocol procedures to be used with different network
- qualities of service.
- .PP
- It is intended that the Transport Protocol should be simple but
- general enough to cater for the total range of Network Service qualities
- possible, without restricting future extensions.
- .PP
- The protocol is structured to give rise to classes of protocol which are
- designed to minimize possible incompatibilities and implementation
- costs.
- .PP
- The classes are selectable with respect to the Transport and Network Services
- in providing the required quality of service for the interconnection of
- two session entities (note that each class provides a different set of
- functions for enhancement of service qualities).
- .PP
- This protocol defines mechanisms that can be used to optimize network tariffs
- and enhance the following qualities of service:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- different throughput;
- .LP
- b)
- different error rates;
- .LP
- c)
- integrity of data requirements;
- .LP
- d)
- reliability requirements.
- .PP
- It does not require an implementation to use all of these
- mechanisms, nor does it define methods for measuring achieved quality of
- service or criteria for deciding when to release transport connections
- following quality of service degradation.
- .PP
- The primary aim of this Recommendation is to provide a set of rules
- for communication expressed in terms of the procedures to be carried out by
- peer entities at the time of communication. These rules for communication
- are intended to provide a sound basis for development in order to serve
- a variety of purposes:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- as a guide for implementors and designers;
- .LP
- b)
- for use in the testing and procurement of equipment;
- .LP
- c)
- as part of an agreement for the admittance of systems into the open systems
- environment;
- .LP
- d)
- as a refinement of the understanding of OSI.
- .PP
- It is expected that the initial users of the Recommendation will be designers
- and implementors of equipment and the Recommendation contains, in notes
- or in Annexes, guidance on the implementation of the procedures defined
- in the Recommendation.
- .PP
- It should be noted that, as the number of valid protocol sequences is very
- large, it is not possible with current technology to verify that an
- implementation will operate the protocol defined in this Recommendation
- correctly under all circumstances. It is possible by means of testing to
- establish confidence that an implementation correctly operates the protocol
- in a representative sample of circumstances. It is, however, intended that
- this
- Recommendation can be used in circumstances where two implementations fail
- to communicate in order to determine whether one or both have failed to
- operate
- the protocol correctly.
- .PP
- This Recommendation contains a section on conformance of equipment
- claiming to implement the procedures in this Recommendation. Attention
- is drawn to the fact that the Recommendation does not contain any tests
- to demonstrate this conformance.
- .PP
- The variations and options available within this Recommendation are
- essential to enable a Transport Service to be provided for a wide variety of
- applications over a variety of network qualities. Thus, a minimally conforming
- implementation will not be suitable for use in all possible circumstances.
- It is important therefore to qualify all references to this Recommendation
- with
- statements of the options provided or required or with statements of the
- intended purpose of provision or use.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB1\fR \fBScope and field of application\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- 1.1
- This Recommendation specifies:
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- five classes of procedures:
- .LP
- 1)
- Class\ 0:\ Simple Class;
- .LP
- 2)
- Class\ 1:\ Basic Error Recovery Class;
- .LP
- 3)
- Class\ 2:\ Multiplexing Class;
- .bp
- .LP
- 4)
- Class\ 3:\ Error Recovery and Multiplexing Class;
- .LP
- 5)
- Class\ 4:\ Error Detection and Recovery Class;
- .LP
- for the connection oriented transfer of data and control
- information from one transport entity to a peer transport
- entity;
- .LP
- b)
- the means of negotiating the class of procedures to be used
- by the transport entities;
- .LP
- c)
- the structure and encoding of the transport protocol data
- units used for the transfer of data and control
- information.
- .PP
- 1.2
- The procedures are defined in terms of:
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- the interactions between peer transport entities through the exchange
- of transport protocol data units;
- .LP
- b)
- the interactions between a transport entity and the
- transport service user in the same system through the exchange of transport
- service primitives;
- .LP
- c)
- the interactions between a transport entity and the network service provider
- through the exchange of network service primitives.
- .PP
- These procedures are defined in the main text of the standard
- supplemented by state tables in Annex\ A.
- .PP
- 1.3
- These procedures are applicable to instances of communication between systems
- which support the Transport Layer of the OSI Reference Model
- and which wish to interconnect in an open systems environment.
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- 1.4
- This Recommendation specifies, in \(sc\ 14, conformance for systems implementing
- these procedures. It does not contain tests which can be used to demonstrate
- these conformance requirements.
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB2\fR \fBReferences\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .LP
- [1]
- Recommendation X.200 \(em Reference Model of Open Systems
- Interconnection for CCITT Applications
- (see also ISO\ 7498);
- .LP
- [2]
- Recommendation X.214 \(em Transport Service Definition for
- Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT Applications
- (see also ISO\ 8072;
- .LP
- [3]
- Recommendation X.213 \(em Network Service Definition for
- Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT Applications
- (see also ISO\ 8348;
- .LP
- [4]
- Recommendation T.70 \(em Network\(hyIndependent Basic Transport
- Service for Teletex;
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB3\fR \fBDefinitions\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The definitions contained in this section make use of
- abbreviations defined in \(sc\ 4.
- .RT
- .PP
- 3.1
- This Recommendation is based on the concepts developed in the Reference
- Model of Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT Applications\ [1]
- and makes use of the following terms defined in that Recommendation:
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- concatenation and separation;
- .LP
- b)
- segmenting and reassembling;
- .LP
- c)
- multiplexing and demultiplexing;
- .LP
- d)
- splitting and recombining;
- .LP
- e)
- flow control.
- .PP
- 3.2
- For the purpose of this Recommendation, the following
- definitions apply:
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.1
- \fBequipment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Hardware or software or a combination of both; it need
- not be physically distinct within a computer system.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.2
- \fBtransport service user\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- An abstract representation of the totality of those
- entities within a single system that make use of the transport
- service.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.3
- \fBnetwork service provider\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- An abstract machine which models the totality of the
- entities providing the network service, as viewed by a transport
- entity.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.4
- \fBlocal matter\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A decision made by a system concerning its behaviour in
- the Transport Layer that is not subject to the requirements of this
- protocol.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.5
- \fBinitiator\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity that initiates a CR TPDU.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.6
- \fBresponder\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity with whom an initiator wishes to establish
- a transport connection.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Initiator and responder are defined with respect to a
- single transport connection. A transport entity can be both an initiator
- and responder simultaneously.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.7
- \fBsending transport entity\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity that sends a given TPDU.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.8
- \fBreceiving transport entity\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity that receives a given TPDU.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.9
- \fBpreferred class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The protocol class that the initiator indicates in a CR TPDU as
- its first choice for use over the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.10
- \fBalternative class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A protocol class that the initiator indicates in a CR TPDU as an alternative
- choice for use over the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.11
- \fBproposed class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A preferred class or an alternative class.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.12
- \fBselected class\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The protocol class that the responder indicates in a CC TPDU that it has
- chosen for use over the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.13
- \fBproposed parameter\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The value for a parameter that the initiator indicates in a CR
- TPDU that it wishes to use over the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.14
- \fBselected parameter\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The value for a parameter that the responder indicates in a CC
- TPDU that it has chosen for use over the transport connection.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.15
- \fBerror indication\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- An N\(hyRESET indication, or an N\(hyDISCONNECT indication with a reason
- code indicating an error, that a transport entity receives from the
- NS\(hyprovider.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.16
- \fBinvalid TPDU\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A TPDU which does not comply with the requirements of this
- Recommendation for structure and encoding.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.17
- \fBprotocol error\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A TPDU whose use does not comply with the procedures for the
- class.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.18
- \fBsequence number\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- The number in the TPDU\(hyNR field of a DT TPDU which
- indicates the order in which the DT TPDU was transmitted by a transport
- entity.
- .LP
- b)
- The number in the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR field of an AK or RJ TPDU which indicates
- the sequence number of the next DT TPDU expected to be received by a transport
- entity.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.19
- \fBtransmit window\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The set of consecutive sequence numbers which a transport entity has been
- authorised by its peer entity to send at a given time on a given
- transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.20
- \fBlower window edge\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The lowest sequence number in a transmit window.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.21
- \fBupper window edge\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The sequence number which is one greater than the highest sequence number
- in the transmit window.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.22
- \fBupper window edge allocated to the peer entity\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The value that a transport entity communicates to its peer entity to be
- interpreted as its new upper window edge.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.23
- \fBclosed window\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transmit window which contains no sequence number.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.24
- \fBwindow information\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Information contained in a TPDU relating to the upper and the
- lower window edges.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.25
- \fBfrozen reference\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A reference which is not available for assignment to a connection because
- of the requirements of \(sc\ 6.18.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.26
- \fBunassigned reference\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A reference that is neither currently in use for identifying a
- transport connection nor in a frozen state.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.27
- \fBtransparent (data)\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- TS\(hyuser data which is transferred intact between transport
- entities and which is unavailable for use by the transport
- entities.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.28
- \fBowner (of a network connection)\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entity that issued the N\(hyCONNECT request leading
- to the creation of that network connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 3.2.29
- \fBretained TPDU\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A TPDU which is subject to the retransmission procedure or
- retention until acknowledgment procedure and is available for possible
- retransmission.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB4\fR \fBSymbols and abbreviations\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4.1
- \fIData units\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- TPDU
- Transport Protocol Data Unit
- .LP
- TSDU
- Transport Service Data Unit
- .LP
- NSDU
- Network Service Data Unit
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4.2
- \fITypes of transport protocol data unit\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- CR\ TPDU
- Connection Request TPDU
- .LP
- CC\ TPDU
- Connection Confirm TPDU
- .LP
- DR\ TPDU
- Disconnect Request TPDU
- .LP
- DC\ TPDU
- Disconnect Confirm TPDU
- .LP
- DT\ TPDU
- Data TPDU
- .LP
- ED\ TPDU
- Expedited Data TPDU
- .LP
- AK\ TPDU
- Data Acknowledge TPDU
- .LP
- EA\ TPDU
- Expedited Acknowledge TPDU
- .LP
- RJ\ TPDU
- Reject TPDU
- .LP
- ER\ TPDU
- Error TPDU
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4.3
- \fITPDU fields\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- LI
- Length Indicator (field)
- .LP
- CDT
- Credit (field)
- .LP
- TSAP\(hyID
- Transport Service Access Point Identifier
- (field)
- .LP
- DST\(hyREF
- Destination Reference (field)
- .LP
- SRC\(hyREF
- Source Reference (field)
- .LP
- EOT
- End of TSDU mark
- .LP
- TPDU\(hyNR
- DT TPDU number (field)
- .LP
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR
- ED TPDU number (field)
- .LP
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR
- Sequence number response (field)
- .LP
- YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR
- ED TPDU number response (field)
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4.4
- \fITimes and associated variables\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- T1
- Local retransmission time
- .LP
- N
- The maximum number of retransmissions
- .LP
- L
- Time bound on reference and sequence numbers
- .bp
- .LP
- I
- Inactivity time
- .LP
- W
- Window time
- .LP
- TTR
- Time to try reassignment/resynchronization
- .LP
- TWR
- Time to wait for reassignment/resynchronization
- .LP
- TS1
- Supervisory timer 1
- .LP
- TS2
- Supervisory timer 2
- .LP
- M\dL\\dR\u NSDU lifetime local\(hyto\(hyremote
- .LP
- M\dR\\dL\u NSDU lifetime remote\(hyto\(hylocal
- .LP
- E\dL\\dR\u Expected maximum transit delay
- local\(hyto\(hyremote
- .LP
- E\dR\\dL\u Expected maximum transit delay
- remote\(hyto\(hylocal
- .LP
- R
- Persistence time
- .LP
- A\dL\u Local acknowledge time
- .LP
- A\dR\u Remote acknowledge time
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 4.5
- \fIMiscellaneous\fR \v'2p'
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .LP
- TS\(hyuser
- Transport Service user
- .LP
- TSAP
- Transport Service Access Point
- .LP
- NS\(hyprovider
- Network Service provider
- .LP
- NSAP
- Network Service Access Point
- .LP
- QOS
- Quality of service
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB5\fR \fBOverview of the\fR
- \fBtransport protocol\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ This overview is not exhaustive and has been provided
- for guidance to the reader of this Recommendation.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.1
- \fIService provided by the\fR
- \fItransport layer\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The protocol specified in this Recommendation supports the
- transport service defined in\ [2].
- .PP
- Information is transferred to and from the TS\(hyuser in the transport
- service primitives listed in Table\ 1/X.224.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.2
- \fIService assumed from the\fR
- \fInetwork layer\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The protocol specified in this Recommendation assumes the use of
- the network services defined in\ [3].
- .PP
- Information is transferred to and from the NS\(hyprovider in the network
- service primitives listed in Table\ 2/X.224.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 5.3
- \fIFunctions of the\fR
- \fItransport layer\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.3.1
- \fIOverview of functions\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The functions in the transport layer are those necessary to bridge the
- gap between the services available from the network layer and those to
- be offered to the TS\(hyusers.
- .PP
- The functions in the transport layer are concerned with the
- enhancement of quality of service, including aspects of cost optimization.
- .PP
- The functions are grouped below into those used at all times during a transport
- connection and those concerned with connection establishment, data
- transfer and release.
- .bp
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ This Recommendation does not include the following functions
- which are under consideration for inclusion in future editions of this
- Recommendation:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- encryption;
- .LP
- b)
- accounting mechanisms;
- .LP
- c)
- status exchanges and monitoring of QOS;
- .LP
- d)
- blocking;
- .LP
- e)
- temporary release of network connections;
- .LP
- f
- )
- alternative checksum algorithm.
- .LP
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T1.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE 1/X.224
- .ce
- \fBTransport service primitives\fR
- .ps 9
- .vs 11
- .nr VS 11
- .nr PS 9
- .TS
- center box;
- lw(84p) | lw(144p) .
-
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTableau 1/X.224 [T1.224], p. 2\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.3.1.1
- \fIFunctions used at all times\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The following functions, depending on the selected class and
- options, are used at all times during a transport connection:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- \fItransmission of TPDUs\fR \| (see \(sc\(sc\ 6.2 and 6.9);
- .LP
- b)
- \fImultiplexing and demultiplexing\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.15), a function
- used to share a single network connection between two or more transport
- connections;
- .LP
- c)
- \fIerror detection\fR \| (see \(sc\(sc\ 6.10, 6.13 and 6.17), a function
- used to detect the loss, corruption, duplication, misordering or misdelivery
- of TPDUs;
- .LP
- d)
- \fIerror recovery\fR \| (see \(sc\(sc\ 6.12, 6.14, 6.18, 6.19, 6.20,
- 6.21 and 6.22), a function used to recover from detected and signalled
- errors.
- .bp
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T2.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE\ 2/X.224
- .ce
- \fBNetwork service primitives\fR
- .ps 9
- .vs 11
- .nr VS 11
- .nr PS 9
- .TS
- center box;
- lw(84p) | lw(18p) | lw(102p) | lw(24p) .
-
- .T&
- lw(84p) | lw(18p) | lw(102p) | lw(24p) .
- T{
- Receipt confirmation selection,
- Y
- T}
- .T&
- lw(84p) | lw(18p) | lw(102p) | lw(24p) .
- T{
- Expedited data selection,
- Y
- .
- .
- QOS parameter set,
- X
- .
- .
- NS user data (3).
- Z
- N\(hyCONNECT response
- X
- Responding address.
- X
- N\(hyCONNECT confirmation
- X
- Receipt confirmation selection,
- Y
- .
- .
- Expedited data selection,
- Y
- .
- .
- QOS parameter set,
- X
- .
- .
- NS user data (3).
- Z
- N\(hyDATA request
- X
- NX\(hyuser data.
- X
- N\(hyDATA indication
- X
- Confirmation request.
- Y
- N\(hyDATA ACKNOWLEDGE request
- Y
- N\(hyDATA ACKNOWLEDGE indication
- Y
- N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA request
- Y
- NS user data.
- Y
- N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA indication
- Y
- N\(hyRESET request
- X
- Reason.
- Z
- N\(hyRESET indication
- X
- Originator,
- Reason.
- Z
- Z
- N\(hyRESET response
- X
- N\(hyRESET confirmation
- X
- N\(hyDISCONNECT request
- X
- Reason,
- NS user data,
- Responding address
- Z
- Z
- Z
- N\(hyDISCONNECT indication
- X
- Originator,
- Reason,
- NS user data
- Responding address.
- Z
- Z
- Z
- Z
- X:
- The Transport Protocol assumes that this feature is provided by all
- network service providers.
- .line
- Y:
- The Transport Protocol assumes that this feature is provided by some
- network service providers and a mechanism is provided to optionally use the
- feature.
- .line
- Z:
- The Transport Protocol does not use this parameter.
- .parag
- \fINote\ 1\fR
- \ \(em\ The parameters listed in this table are those in the network service definition (Reference\ 3).
- .parag
- \fINote\ 2\fR
- \ \(em\ The way the parameters are exchanged between the transport entity
- and the NS\(hyprovider is a local matter.
- .parag
- \fINote\ 3\fR
- \ \(em\ Although not used in the transport protocol \fIper se\fR
- , this parameter may be used for transport protocol identification, as specified in
- Annex\ B.
- .parag
- T}
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTableau 2/X.224 [T2.224], p. 3\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.3.1.2
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The purpose of connection establishment is to establish a transport connection
- between two TS\(hyusers. The following functions of the transport layer
- during this phase match the TS\(hyusers' requested quality of service with
- the
- services offered by the network layer:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- select network service which best matches the
- requirement of the TS\(hyuser taking into account charges for
- various services (see \(sc\ 6.5);
- .LP
- b)
- decide whether to multiplex multiple transport connections
- onto a single network connection (see \(sc\ 6.5);
- .LP
- c)
- establish the optimum TPDU size (see \(sc\ 6.5);
- .LP
- d)
- select the functions that will be operational upon entering
- the data transfer phase (see \(sc\ 6.5);
- .LP
- e)
- map transport addresses onto network addresses;
- .LP
- f
- )
- provide a means to distinguish between two different
- transport connections (see \(sc\ 6.5);
- .LP
- g)
- transport of TS\(hyuser data (see \(sc\ 6.5).
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.3.1.3
- \fIData transfer\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The purpose of data transfer is to permit duplex transmission of
- TSDUs between the two TS\(hyusers connected by the transport connection. This
- purpose is achieved by means of two\(hyway simultaneous communication and
- by the following functions, some of which are used or not used in accordance
- with the result of the selection performed in connection establishment.
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- \fIconcatenation and separation\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.4), a function used
- to collect several TPDUs into a single NSDU at the sending
- transport entity and to separate the TPDUs at the receiving
- transport entity;
- .LP
- b)
- \fIsegmenting and reassembling\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.3), a function used
- to segment a single TSDU into multiple TPDUs at the sending
- transport entity and to reassemble them into their original
- format at the receiving transport entity;
- .LP
- c)
- \fIsplitting and recombining\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.23), a function
- allowing the simultaneous use of two or more network connections
- to support the same transport connection;
- .LP
- d)
- \fIflow control\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.16), a function used to regulate
- the flow of TPDUs between two transport entities on one
- transport connection;
- .LP
- e)
- \fItransport connection identification\fR , a means to uniquely
- identify a transport connection between the pair of transport
- entities supporting the connection during the lifetime of the
- transport connection;
- .LP
- f
- )
- \fIexpedited data\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.11), a function used to
- bypass the flow control of normal data TPDU. Expedited data TPDU
- flow is controlled by separate flow control;
- .LP
- g)
- \fITSDU delimiting\fR \| (see \(sc\ 6.3), a function used to determine
- the beginning and ending of a TSDU.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.3.1.4
- \fIRelease\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The purpose of release (see \(sc\(sc\ 6.7 and 6.8) is to provide
- disconnection of the transport connection, regardless of the current
- activity.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 5.4
- \fIClasses and options\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.1
- \fIGeneral\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The functions of the transport layer have been organized into
- classes and options.
- .PP
- A class defines a set of functions. Options define those functions
- within a class which may or may not be used.
- .PP
- This Recommendation defines five classes of protocol:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- Class\ 0:\ Simple Class;
- .LP
- b)
- Class\ 1:\ Basic Error Recovery Class;
- .bp
- .LP
- c)
- Class\ 2:\ Multiplexing Class;
- .LP
- d)
- Class\ 3:\ Error Recovery and Multiplexing Class;
- .LP
- e)
- Class\ 4:\ Error Detection and Recovery Class.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ Transport connections of Classes 2, 3 and 4 may be
- multiplexed together onto the same network connection.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Classes 0 to 3 do not specify mechanisms to detect
- unsignalled network transmission failures.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.2
- \fINegotiation\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The use of classes and options is negotiated during connection
- establishment. The choice made by the transport entities will depend
- on:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- the TS\(hyusers' requirements expressed via T\(hyCONNECT service
- primitives;
- .LP
- b)
- the quality of the available network services;
- .LP
- c)
- the user required service versus cost ratio acceptable for
- the TS\(hyuser.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.3
- \fIChoice of network connection\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The following list classifies network services in terms of quality with
- respect to error behaviour in relation to user requirements; its main
- purpose is to provide a basis for the decision regarding which class of
- transport connection should be used in conjunction with a given network
- connection.
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- \fIType\ A\fR \ \(em\ Network connection with acceptable residual error
- rate (for example not signalled by disconnect or reset) and
- acceptable rate of signalled errors.
- .LP
- b)
- \fIType\ B\fR \ \(em\ Network connections with acceptable residual
- error rate (for example not signalled by disconnect or reset)
- but unacceptable rate of signalled errors.
- .LP
- c)
- \fIType\ C\fR \ \(em\ Network connections with unacceptable residual
- error rate.
- .PP
- It is assumed that each transport entity is aware of the quality of service
- provided by particular Network connection.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.4
- \fICharacteristics of\fR
- \fIClass 0\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 0 provides the simplest type of transport connection and is fully
- compatible with Recommendation\ T.70\ [4].
- .PP
- Class 0 has been designed to be used with type\ A network
- connections.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.5
- \fICharacteristics of\fR
- \fIClass 1\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 1 provides a basic transport connection with minimal
- overheads.
- .PP
- The main purpose of the class is to recover from network disconnect or reset.
- .PP
- Selection of this class is usually based on reliability criteria.
- Class\ 1 has been designed to be used with type\ B network
- connections.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 5.4.6
- \fICharacteristics of\fR
- \fIClass 2\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.6.1
- \fIGeneral\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 2 provides a way to multiplex several transport connections onto
- a single network connection. This class has been designed to be used with
- type\ A network connections.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.6.2
- \fIUse of explicit flow control\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The objective is to provide flow control to help avoid congestion at transport\(hyconnection\(hyend\(hypoints
- and on the network connection. Typical use is when traffic is heavy and
- continuous, or when there is intensive
- multiplexing. Use of flow control can optimize response times and resource
- utilization.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.6.3
- \fINon\(hyuse of explicit flow control\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The objective is to provide a basic transport connection with
- minimal overheads suitable when explicit disconnection of the transport
- connection is desirable. The option would typically be used for unsophisticated
- terminals, and when no multiplexing onto network connections is required.
- Expedited data is never available.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.7
- \fICharacteristics of\fR
- \fIClass 3\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 3 provides the characteristics of Class 2 plus the ability to recover
- from network disconnect or reset. Selection of this class is usually
- based upon reliability criteria. Class\ 3 has been designed to be used with
- type\ B network connections.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.4.8
- \fICharacteristics of\fR
- \fIClass 4\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 4 provides the characteristics of Class 3, plus the
- capability to detect and recover from errors which occur as a result of
- the low grade of service available from the NS\(hyprovider. The kinds of
- errors to be
- detected include: TPDU loss, TPDU delivery out of sequence, TPDU duplication
- and TPDU corruption. These errors may affect control TPDUs as well as data
- TPDUs.
- .PP
- This class also provides for increased throughput capability and
- additional resilience against network failure.
- .PP
- Class 4 has been designed to be used with type C network
- connections.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 5.5
- \fIModel of the transport layer\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity communicates with its TS\(hyusers through one or
- more TSAPs by means of the service primitives as defined by the transport
- service definition (Reference\ 2). Service primitives will cause or be the
- result of transport protocol data unit exchanges between the peer transport
- entities supporting a transport connection. These protocol exchanges are
- effected using the services of the network layer as defined by the network
- service definition\ [3] through one or more NSAPs.
- .PP
- Transport connection endpoints are identified in end systems by an
- internal, implementation\(hydependent mechanism so that the TS\(hyuser and the
- transport entity can refer to each transport connection (see
- Figure\ 2/X.224).
- .RT
- .LP
- .rs
- .sp 20P
- .ad r
- \fBFigure 2/X.224, (N), p.\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB6\fR \fBElements of procedure\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- This section contains elements of procedure which are used in the specification
- of protocol classes in \(sc\(sc\ 7 to\ 12. These elements are not
- meaningful on their own.
- .PP
- The procedures define the transfer of TPDUs whose structure and coding
- is specified in \(sc\ 13. Transport entities shall accept and respond to
- any TPDU received in a valid NSDU and may issue TPDUs initiating specific
- elements of
- procedure specified in this section.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Where network service primitives or TPDUs and parameters
- used are not significant for a particular element of procedure, they have
- not been included in the specification.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.1
- \fIAssignment to network connection\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.1.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure is used in all classes to assign transport
- connections to network connections.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.1.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyCONNECT;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyDISCONNECT.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.1.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Each transport connection shall be assigned to a network
- connection. The initiator may assign the transport connection to an existing
- network connection of which it is the owner or to a new network connection
- (see Note\ 1) which it creates for this purpose.
- .PP
- The initiator shall not assign or reassign the transport connection
- to an existing network connection if the protocol class(es) proposed or the
- class in use for the transport connection are incompatible with the current
- usage of the network connection with respect to multiplexing (see Note\ 2).
- .PP
- During the resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) and reassignment after
- failure (see \(sc\ 6.12) procedures, a transport entity may reassign a
- transport
- connection to another network connection joining the same NSAPs, provided
- that it is the owner of the network connection and that the transport connection
- is assigned to only one network connection at any given time.
- .PP
- During the splitting procedure (see \(sc\ 6.23), a transport entity may
- assign a transport connection to any additional network connection joining
- the same NSAPs, provided that it is the owner of the network connection
- and that
- multiplexing is possible on the network connection.
- .PP
- The responder becomes aware of the assignment when it
- receives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- a CR TPDU during the connection establishment procedure
- (see \(sc\ 6.5); or
- .LP
- b)
- an RJ TPDU or a retransmitted CR or DR TPDU during the
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) and reassignment after
- failure (see \(sc\ 6.12) procedures; or
- .LP
- c)
- any TPDU when splitting (see \(sc\ 6.23) is
- used.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ When a new network connection is created, the quality
- of service requested is a local matter, although it will normally be related
- to the requirements of transport connection(s) expected to be assigned
- to it.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ An existing network connection may also not be suitable
- if, for example, the quality of service requested for the transport connection
- cannot be attained by using or enhancing the network connection.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ A network connection with no transport connection(s)
- assigned to it, may be available after initial establishment or because
- all of the transport connections previously assigned to it have been released.
- It is suggested that only the owner of such a network connection should
- release it. Furthermore, it is suggested that it not be released immediately
- after the transmission of the final TPDU of a transport connection \(em\
- either a DR\ TPDU in response to a CR\ TPDU or a DC\ TPDU in response to
- a DR\ TPDU. An appropriate
- delay will allow the TPDU concerned to reach the other transport entity,
- allowing the freeing of any resources associated with the transport connection
- concerned.
- .bp
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ After the failure of a network connection, transport
- connections which were previously multiplexed together may be assigned to
- different network connections, and vice versa.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 5\fR \ \(em\ The transport protocol identification procedures
- specified in Annex\ B may need to be considered in conjunction with this
- procedure.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.2
- \fITransport protocol data unit (TPDU) transfer\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.2.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The TPDU transfer procedure is used in all classes to convey
- transport protocol data units in user data fields of network service
- primitives.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.2.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure uses the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDATA;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.2.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport protocol data units (TPDUs) defined for the protocol are
- listed in \(sc\ 4.2.
- .PP
- When the network expedited variant has been selected for Class\ 1, the
- transport entities shall transmit and receive ED and EA\ TPDUs as NS\(hyuser
- data parameters of N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA primitives.
- .PP
- In all other cases, transport entities shall transmit and receive
- TPDUs as NS\(hyuser data parameters of N\(hyDATA primitives.
- .PP
- When a TPDU is put into an NS\(hyuser data parameter, the significance
- of the bits within an octet and the order of octets within a TPDU shall be
- as defined in \(sc\ 13.2.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ TPDUs may be concatenated (see \(sc\ 6.4).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The transport protocol identification procedures
- specified in Annex\ B may need to be considered in conjunction with this
- procedure.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.3
- \fISegmenting and reassembling\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.3.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The segmenting and reassembling procedure is used in all classes
- to map TSDUs onto TPDUs.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.3.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDU and
- parameter:
- .RT
- .LP
- DT TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- End of TSDU.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.3.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity shall map a TSDU on to an ordered sequence of
- one or more DT\ TPDUs. This sequence shall not be interrupted by other
- DT\ TPDUs on the same transport connection.
- .PP
- All DT TPDUs except the last DT TPDU in a sequence greater than one
- shall have a length of data greater than\ zero.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The EOT of a DT TPDU indicates whether or not there are
- subsequent DT TPDUs in the sequence.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ There is no requirement that the DT TPDUs shall be
- of the maximum length selected during connection establishment.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.4
- \fIConcatenation and separation\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.4.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure for concatenation and separation is used in
- Classes\ 1, 2, 3 and\ 4 to convey multiple TPDUs in one\ NSDU.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.4.2
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity may concatenate TPDUs from the same or different transport
- connections while maintaining the order of TPDUs for a given
- transport connection compatible with the protocol operation.
- .PP
- A valid set of concatenated TPDUs may contain:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- any number of TPDUs from the following list: AK, EA, RJ,
- ER, DC\ TPDUs provided that these TPDUs come from different
- transport connections;
- .LP
- b)
- no more than one TPDU from the following list: CR, DR, CC,
- DT, ED\ TPDUs; if this TPDU is present, it shall be placed last
- in the set of concatenated TPDUs.
- .PP
- A transport entity shall accept a valid set of concatenated
- TPDUs.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The TPDUs within a concatenated set may be distinguished
- by means of the length indicator parameter.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The end of a TPDU containing data is indicated by the
- termination of the NSDU.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ The number of concatenated TPDUs referred to in \(sc\
- 6.4.2\ a) is bounded by the maximum number of transport connections which
- are multiplexed together, except during assignment or reassignment.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.5
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.5.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure for connection establishment is used in all classes to create
- a new transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.5.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following network service
- primitive:
- .RT
- .LP
- N\(hyDATA.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.5.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- CR TPDU;
- .LP
- \(em
- CDT;
- .LP
- \(em
- DST\(hyREF (set to zero);
- .LP
- \(em
- SRC\(hyREF;
- .LP
- \(em
- CLASS and OPTIONS (preferred), i.e.:
- .LP
- i)
- class,
- .LP
- ii)
- use of extended format,
- .LP
- iii)
- non\(hyuse of explicit flow control in Class 2;
- .LP
- \(em
- calling TSAP\(hyID;
- .LP
- \(em
- called TSAP\(hyID;
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU size (proposed);
- .LP
- \(em
- version number;
- .LP
- \(em
- protection parameter;
- .LP
- \(em
- checksum;
- .LP
- \(em
- additional option selection (preferred), i.e.:
- .LP
- i)
- use of network expedited in Class 1,
- .LP
- ii)
- use of receipt confirmation in Class 1,
- .LP
- iii)
- non\(hyuse of checksums in Class 4,
- .LP
- iv)
- use of transport expedited data transfer
- service;
- .bp
- .LP
- \(em
- alternative protocol class(es);
- .LP
- \(em
- acknowledge time;
- .LP
- \(em
- throughput (proposed);
- .LP
- \(em
- residual error rate (proposed);
- .LP
- \(em
- priority (proposed);
- .LP
- \(em
- transit delay (proposed);
- .LP
- \(em
- reassignment time;
- .LP
- \(em
- user data.
- .LP
- b)
- CC TPDU;
- .LP
- \(em
- CDT;
- .LP
- \(em
- DST\(hyREF;
- .LP
- \(em
- SRC\(hyREF;
- .LP
- \(em
- CLASS and OPTIONS (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- calling TSAP\(hyID;
- .LP
- \(em
- called TSAP\(hyID;
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU size (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- protection parameter;
- .LP
- \(em
- checksum;
- .LP
- \(em
- additional option selection (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- acknowledge time;
- .LP
- \(em
- throughput (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- residual error rate (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- priority (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- transit delay (selected);
- .LP
- \(em
- user data.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.5.4
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport connection is established by means of one transport
- entity (the \fIinitiator\fR ) transmitting a CR\ TPDU to the other transport
- entity (the \fIresponder\fR ), which replies with a CC\ TPDU. Before sending
- the CR\ TPDU,
- the initiator assigns the transport connection being created to one (or
- more if the splitting procedure is being used) network connection(s). It is
- this set of network connections over which the TPDUs are sent.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Even if the initiator assigns the transport connection to
- more than one network connection, all the CR TPDUs (if repeated) or DR TPDUs
- with DST\(hyREF set to zero which are sent prior to the receipt of the
- CC\ TPDU,
- shall be sent on the same network connection, unless an N\(hyDISCONNECT
- indication is received. (This is necessary because the remote entity may
- not support
- Class\ 4 and therefore may not recognize splitting.) If the initiator has
- made other assignments, it will use them only after receipt of a Class\
- 4 CC\ TPDU
- (see also the splitting procedure \(sc\ 6.23).
- .PP
- During this exchange, all information and parameters needed for the
- transport entities to operate shall be exchanged or negotiated.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The transport protocol identification procedures
- specified in Annex\ B may need to be considered in conjunction with this
- procedure.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Except in Class 4, it is suggested that the initiator
- start an optional timer TS1 at the time the CR\ TPDU is sent. This timer
- should be
- stopped when the connection is considered as accepted or refused or
- unsuccessful. If the timer expires, the initiator should reset or disconnect
- the network connection and, in Classes\ 1 and\ 3, freeze the reference (see
- \(sc\ 6.18). For all other transport connection(s) multiplexed on the same
- network connection, the procedures for reset or disconnect as appropriate
- should be
- followed.
- .PP
- When an unexpected duplicated CR TPDU is received (with Class 4 as
- preferred class), it shall be ignored in Classes\ 0, 1, 2 and\ 3 and a CC\ TPDU
- shall be returned in Class\ 4.
- .PP
- After receiving the CC TPDU for a class which includes the procedure for
- retention until acknowledgment of TPDUs, the initiator shall acknowledge
- the CC\ TPDU as defined in Table\ 5/X.224 (see \(sc\ 6.13).
- .bp
- .PP
- When the network expedited variant of expedited data transfer (see
- \(sc\ 6.11) has been agreed (possible in Class\ 1 only), the responder
- shall not
- send an ED\ TPDU before the CC\ TPDU is acknowledged.
- .PP
- The following information is exchanged:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- \fIreferences\fR \ \(em\ Each transport entity chooses a reference to
- be used by the peer entity which is 16\ bits long and which is
- arbitrary except for the following restrictions:
- .LP
- 1)
- it shall not already be in use or frozen (see
- \(sc\ 6.18),
- .LP
- 2)
- it shall not be zero.
- .LP
- This mechanism is symmetrical and provides identification of
- the transport connection independent of the network connection.
- The range of references used for transport connections, in a
- given transport entity, is a local matter.
- .LP
- b)
- \fIcalling and called TSAPs\(hyIDs\fR \| (optional)\ \(em\ Indicate the
- calling and called transport service access points. When either
- network address unambiguously defines the transport address,
- this information may be omitted.
- .LP
- c)
- \fIinitial credit\fR \ \(em\ Only relevant for classes which include
- the explicit flow control function.
- .LP
- d)
- \fIuser data\fR \ \(em\ Not available if Class 0 is the preferred
- class (see Note). Up to 32\ octets in other classes.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ If Class 0 is a valid response according to
- Table\ 3/X.224, inclusion of user data in the CR\ TPDU may cause
- the responding entity to refuse the connection (e.g.\ if it only
- supports Class\ 0).
- .LP
- e)
- \fIacknowledgment time\fR \ \(em\ Only in Class 4.
- .LP
- f
- )
- \fIchecksum parameter\fR \ \(em\ Only in Class 4.
- .LP
- g)
- \fIprotection parameter\fR \ \(em\ This parameter and its semantics
- are user defined.
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T3.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE\ 3/X.224
- .ce
- \fBValid responses corresponding to preferred and any\fR
- .ce
- \fBalternative class proposed in the CR TPDU\fR
- .T&
- lw(30p) | lw(36p) | lw(30p) | lw(36p) | lw(30p) | lw(36p) | lw(30p) .
-
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTable 3/X.224 [T3.224], p.\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
- .LP
- The following negotiations take place:
- .LP
- h)
- \fIprotocol class\fR \ \(em\ The initiator shall propose a preferred
- class and any number of alternative classes which permit a
- valid response as defined in Table\ 3/X.224. The initiator should
- assume when it sends the CR\ TPDU that its preferred class will
- be agreed to, and commence the procedures associated with that
- class, except that if Class\ 0 or Class\ 1 is an alternative
- class, multiplexing shall not commence until a CC\ TPDU selecting
- the use of Classes\ 2, 3 or\ 4 has been received.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ This means, for example, that when the preferred
- class includes resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14), the
- resynchronization will occur if a reset is signalled during
- connection establishment.
- .LP
- The responder shall select one class defined in
- Table\ 3/X.224 as a valid response corresponding to the preferred
- class and to the class(es), if any, contained in the alternative
- class parameter of the CR\ TPDU. It shall indicate the selected
- class in the CC\ TPDU and shall follow the procedures for the
- selected class.
- .LP
- If the preferred class is not selected, then on receipt of
- the CC\ TPDU, the initiator shall adjust its operation according
- to the procedures of the selected class.
- .LP
- i)
- \fITPDU size\fR \ \(em\ The initiator may propose a maximum size for
- TPDUs, and the responder may accept this value or respond with
- any value between\ 128 and the proposed value in the set of
- values available for the class (see \(sc\ 13.3.4\ b)).
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The length of the CR TPDU does not exceed 128
- octets (see \(sc\ 13.3).
- .LP
- j)
- \fInormal or extended format\fR \ \(em\ Either normal or extended is
- available. When extended is used, this applies to CDT, TPDU\(hyNR,
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR, YR\(hyTU\(hyNR and YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR parameters.
- .LP
- k)
- \fIchecksum selection\fR \ \(em\ This defines whether or not TPDUs of
- the connection are to include a checksum.
- .LP
- l)
- \fIquality of service parameters\fR \ \(em\ This defines the
- throughput, transit delay, priority, and residual error
- rate.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The transport service defines transit delay as
- requiring a previously stated average TSDU size as a basis for
- any specification. The protocol, as specified in \(sc\ 13.3.4,\ l),
- uses a value of 128\ octets. Conversion to and from
- specifications based upon some other value is a local
- matter.
- .LP
- m)
- \fIthe non\(hyuse of explicit flow control\fR in Class 2.
- .LP
- \fB\fB\fB\fB\fB\fB\fB\fB\fB
- n)
- \fIthe use of network receipt confirmation and network\fR \fIexpedited\fR
- \| when Class\ 1 is to be used.
- .LP
- o)
- \fIthe use of expedited data transfer service\fR \ \(em\ This allows
- both TS\(hyusers to negotiate the use or non\(hyuse of the expedited
- data transport service as defined in the transport service
- definition [2].
- .LP
- The following information is set only in the CR TPDU:
- .LP
- p)
- \fIversion number\fR \ \(em\ This defines the version of the transport
- protocol used for this connection.
- .LP
- q)
- \fIreassignment time parameter\fR \ \(em\ This indicates the time for
- which the initiator will persist in following the
- reassignment after failure procedure.
- .PP
- The negotiation rules for the options are such that the initiator may propose
- either to use or not to use the option. The responder may either
- accept the proposed choice or select an alternative choice as defined in
- Table\ 4/X.224.
- .PP
- When a parameter [which is valid for the proposed class(es)] is
- absent and a default value is defined in this Recommendation, this
- is equivalent to the presence of the parameter with the default value.
- .PP
- In Class 2, whenever a transport entity requests or agrees to the
- transport expedited data transfer service or to the use of extended formats,
- it shall request or agree (respectively) to the use of explicit flow
- control.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.6
- \fIConnection refusal\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.6.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The connection refusal procedure is used in all classes when a
- transport entity refuses a transport connection in response to a
- CR\ TPDU.
- .bp
- .RT
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T4.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE\ 4/X.224
- .ce
- \fBNegotiation of options during connection establishment\fR
- .ps 9
- .vs 11
- .nr VS 11
- .nr PS 9
- .TS
- center box;
- lw(96p) | lw(48p) | lw(48p) .
-
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTableau 4/X.224 [T4.224], p. 6\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.6.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and
- parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- DR TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- SRC\(hyREF;
- .LP
- \(em
- reason;
- .LP
- \(em
- user data.
- .LP
- b)
- ER TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- reject cause;
- .LP
- \(em
- invalid TPDU.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.6.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- If a transport connection cannot be accepted, the responder shall respond
- to the CR\ TPDU with a DR\ TPDU. The reason shall indicate why the
- connection was not accepted. The source reference field in the DR\ TPDU
- shall be set to zero to indicate an unassigned reference.
- .PP
- If a DR TPDU is received, the initiator shall regard the connection as
- released.
- .PP
- The responder shall respond to an invalid CR TPDU by sending an ER or DR\
- TPDU. If an ER\ TPDU is received in response to a CR\ TPDU, the initiator
- shall regard the connection as released.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ When the invalid CR TPDU can be identified as having
- Class\ 0 as the preferred class, it is suggested to respond with an ER\
- TPDU. For all other invalid CR\ TPDUs, either an ER\ TPDU or DR\ TPDU may
- be sent.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ If the optional supervisory timer TS1 has been set for
- this connection, then the initiator should stop the timer on receipt of
- the DR or ER\ TPDU.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.7
- \fINormal release\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.7.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The release procedure is used by a transport entity in order to
- terminate a transport connection. The implicit variant is used only in
- Class\ 0. The explicit variant is used in Classes\ 1, 2, 3 and\ 4.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ When the implicit variant is used (i.e. in Class\ 0), the
- lifetime of the transport connection is directly correlated with the lifetime
- of the network connection.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The use of the explicit variant of the release procedure
- enables the transport connection to be released independently of the underlying
- network connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.7.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDISCONNECT (implicit variant only),
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyDATA.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.7.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- DR TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- reason;
- .LP
- \(em
- user data;
- .LP
- \(em
- SRC\(hyREF;
- .LP
- \(em
- DST\(hyREF.
- .LP
- b)
- DC TPDU.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.7.4
- \fIProcedure for implicit variant\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- In the implicit variant, either transport entity disconnects a
- transport connection by disconnecting the network connection to which it is
- assigned. When a transport entity receives an N\(hyDISCONNECT indication, this
- should be considered as the release of the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.7.5
- \fIProcedure for explicit variant\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- When the release of a transport connection is to be initiated, a
- transport entity:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if it has previously sent or received a CC TPDU (see
- Note\ 1), shall:
- .LP
- 1)
- send a DR TPDU;
- .LP
- 2)
- discard all subsequently received TPDUs other than a
- DR or DC\ TPDU;
- .LP
- 3)
- consider the transport connection released on receipt
- of a DR or DC\ TPDU;
- .LP
- b)
- if a) is not applicable, it shall:
- .LP
- 1)
- for classes other than Class\ 4, wait for
- acknowledgment of the outstanding CR\ TPDU; if it receives a
- CC\ TPDU, it shall follow the procedure in \(sc\ 6.7.5\ a);
- .LP
- 2)
- for Class 4, either send a DR\ TPDU with a zero value
- in the DST\(hyREF field, or follow the procedure in
- \(sc\ 6.7.5\ b)\ 1).
- .LP
- In the former case, receipt of a CC TPDU specifying
- Class 4 will be ignored. Receipt of a CC\ TPDU with another class will
- be processed as follows: if the class is\ 0, the network
- connection shall be disconnected; otherwise, a DR\ TPDU with
- the DST\(hyREF field set to the value of the SRC\(hyREF field of the
- received CC\ TPDU shall be sent and the release procedure of
- the class is continued.
- .bp
- .LP
- A transport entity that receives a DR TPDU shall:
- .LP
- c)
- if it has previously sent a DR TPDU for the same
- transport connection, consider the transport connection
- released;
- .LP
- d)
- if it has previously sent a CR TPDU that has not been
- acknowledged by a CC\ TPDU, consider the connection
- refused (see \(sc\ 6.6);
- .LP
- If the SRC\(hyREF is not zero, a DC\ TPDU shall be sent
- using the SRC\(hyREF as the DST\(hyREF.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ In this case, the DR TPDU has been associated
- regardless of its SRC\(hyREF field (see \(sc\ 6.9.4).
- .LP
- e)
- if c) and d) are not applicable, send a DC TPDU and consider
- the transport connection released. If the received DR has the
- DST\(hyREF field set to zero, then a DC with SRC\(hyREF set to zero
- shall be sent, regardless of the local reference. If the entity
- receiving such a DR\ TPDU has previously decided to negotiate
- down the class, this entity is always entitled to consider
- such a DR\ TPDU as spurious. Since no association has been made,
- the transport connection is not released at the responder side
- but the CC\ TPDU, when sent, will be answered by a DR\ TPDU
- (spurious CC\ TPDU).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ This requirement ensures that the transport entity
- is aware of the remote reference for the transport connection.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ When the transport connection is considered as released,
- the local reference is either available for re\(hyuse or is frozen
- (see
- \(sc\ 6.18).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ After the release of a transport connection, the network
- connection can be released or retained to enable its re\(hyuse for the
- assignment of other transport connections (see \(sc\ 6.1).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ Except in Class 4, it is suggested that if a transport
- entity does not receive acknowledgment of a DR\ TPDU within time TS2, it
- should either reset or disconnect the network connection, and freeze the
- reference
- when appropriate (see \(sc\ 6.18). For all other transport connection(s)
- multiplexed on the same network connection, the procedures for reset or
- disconnect as appropriate should be followed.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 5\fR \ \(em\ When a transport entity is waiting for a CC TPDU before
- sending a DR\ TPDU and the network connection is reset or released, it should
- consider the transport connection released and, in classes other than Classes\
- 0 and\ 2, freeze the reference (see \(sc\ 6.18).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.8
- \fIError release\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.8.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure is used only in Classes\ 0 and\ 2 to release a
- transport connection on the receipt of a N\(hyDISCONNECT or N\(hyRESET
- indication.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.8.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDISCONNECT indication;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyRESET indication.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.8.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- When, on the network connection to which a transport connection is assigned,
- an N\(hyDISCONNECT or N\(hyRESET indication is received, both transport
- entities shall consider that the transport connection is released, and so
- inform the TS\(hyusers.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ In other classes, since error recovery is used, the
- receipt of an N\(hyRESET indication or N\(hyDISCONNECT indication will
- result in the
- invocation of the error recovery procedure.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.9
- \fIAssociation of\fR
- \fITPDUs with transport connections\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.9.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure is used in all classes to interpret a received NSDU as TPDU(s)
- and, if possible, to associate each such TPDU with a transport
- connection.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.9.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure makes use of the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDATA indication;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA indication.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.9.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and
- parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- in any TPDU except: CR TPDU; DT TPDU in Classes\ 0 or\ 1;
- AK TPDU in Class\ 1:
- .LP
- \(em
- DST\(hyREF.
- .LP
- b)
- CR, CC, DR and DC TPDUs:
- .LP
- \(em
- SRC\(hyREF.
- .LP
- c)
- DT TPDU in Classes 0 or 1 and AK TPDU in
- Class 1.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.9.4
- \fIProcedures\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.9.4.1
- \fIIdentification of TPDUs\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- If the received NSDU or expedited NSDU cannot be decoded (i.e.\ does not
- contain one or more correct TPDUs) or is corrupted (i.e.\ contains a TPDU
- with a wrong checksum) then the transport entity shall:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if the network connection on which the error is detected has
- a Class\ 0 or Class\ 1 transport connection assigned to it, then
- treat as a protocol error (see \(sc\ 6.22) for that transport
- connection;
- .LP
- b)
- otherwise:
- .LP
- 1)
- if the NSDU can be decoded but contains corrupted
- TPDUs, discard the TPDUs (Class\ 4 only) and optionally
- apply \(sc\ 6.9.4.1\ b)\ 2);
- .LP
- 2)
- if the NSDU cannot be decoded, issue an N\(hyRESET (or
- N\(hyDISCONNECT) request for the network connection and
- for all of the transport connections assigned to this
- network connection (if any), apply the procedures
- defined for handling of network signalled reset or
- disconnect.
- .LP
- If the NSDU can be decoded and is not corrupted, the transport
- entity shall:
- .LP
- c)
- if the network connection on which the NSDU was received has
- a Class\ 0 transport connection assigned to it, then consider
- the NSDU as forming one TPDU and associate the TPDU with the
- transport connection (see \(sc\ 6.9.4.2);
- .LP
- d)
- otherwise, invoke the separation procedures and for each of
- the individual TPDUs in the order in which they appear in the
- NSDU apply the procedure defined in \(sc\ 6.9.4.2.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.9.4.2
- \fIAssociation of individual TPDUs\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- If the received TPDU is a CR TPDU, then, if it is a duplicate as
- recognized by using the NSAPs of the network connection, and the SRC\(hyREF
- parameter, then it is associated with the transport connection created
- by the original copy of the CR\ TPDU; otherwise, it is processed as requesting
- the
- creation of a new transport connection.
- .PP
- If the received TPDU is a DT TPDU and the network connection has a
- Class\ 0 or Class\ 1 transport connection assigned to it, or an AK\ TPDU
- where a Class\ 1 transport connection is assigned, then the TPDU is associated
- with the transport connection.
- .PP
- Otherwise, the DST\(hyREF parameter of the TPDU is used to identify the
- transport connection. The following cases are distinguished:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- If the DST\(hyREF is not allocated to a transport connection,
- the transport entity shall respond on the same network
- connection with a DR\ TPDU if the TPDU is a CC\ TPDU, with a
- DC\ TPDU if the TPDU is a DR\ TPDU and shall discard the TPDU
- if neither a DR\ TPDU nor CC\ TPDU. No association with a
- transport connection is made.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ If the DR TPDU is carrying an SRC\(hyREF field set to
- zero, then no DC TPDU shall be sent.
- .bp
- .LP
- b)
- If the DST\(hyREF is allocated to a connection, but the TPDU is
- received on a network connection to which the connection has not
- been assigned, then there are three cases:
- .LP
- 1)
- if the transport connection is of Class\ 4 and if the
- TPDU is received on a network connection with the same
- pair of NSAPs as that of the CR\ TPDU, then the TPDU is
- associated with this transport connection and considered
- as performing assignment;
- .LP
- 2)
- if the transport connection is not assigned to any
- network connection (waiting for reassignment after
- failure) and if the TPDU is received on a network
- connection with the same pair of NSAPs as that of the
- CR\ TPDU, then the association with that transport
- connection is made except in the case of DC, DR and
- CC\ TPDUs which are respectively described in \(sc\ 6.9.4.2\ c),
- d) and\ e);
- .LP
- 3)
- otherwise, the TPDU is considered as having a DST\(hyREF
- not allocated to a transport connection [case\ a)].
- .LP
- c)
- If the TPDU is a DC TPDU, then it is associated with the
- transport connection to which the DST\(hyREF is allocated, unless
- the SRC\(hyREF is not the expected one, in which case the DC\ TPDU
- is discarded.
- .LP
- d)
- If the TPDU is a DR TPDU then there are four cases:
- .LP
- 1)
- if the SRC\(hyREF is not as expected, then a DC TPDU with
- a DST\(hyREF equal to the SRC\(hyREF of the received DR\ TPDU is
- sent back and no association is made;
- .LP
- 2)
- if a CR TPDU is unacknowledged, then the DR TPDU is
- associated with the transport connection, regardless of
- the value of its SRC\(hyREF\ parameter;
- .LP
- 3)
- if the transport entity implements Class 4 and if the
- DST\(hyREF is zero and there is an unacknowledged CC\ TPDU
- or T\(hyCONNECT response is awaited, then the DR\ TPDU shall
- be associated with the transport connection holding the
- SRC\(hyREF as the remote reference;
- .LP
- 4)
- otherwise, the DR TPDU is associated with the
- transport connection identified by the DST\(hyREF
- parameter.
- .LP
- e)
- If the TPDU is a CC TPDU whose DST\(hyREF parameter identifies
- an open connection (one for which a CC TPDU has been previously
- received), and the SRC\(hyREF in the CC\ TPDU does not match the
- remote reference, then a DR\ TPDU is sent back with DST\(hyREF equal
- to the SRC\(hyREF of the received CC\ TPDU and no association is
- made.
- .LP
- f
- )
- If none of the above cases apply, then the TPDU is
- associated with the transport connection identified by the
- DST\(hyREF parameter.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.10
- \fIData TPDU numbering\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.10.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Data TPDU numbering is used in Classes\ 1, 2 (except when the
- non\(hyuse of explicit flow control option is selected), 3 and\ 4. Its purpose
- is to enable the use of recovery, flow control and resequencing
- functions.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.10.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure makes use of the following TPDU and
- parameter:
- .RT
- .LP
- DT TPDU;
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU\(hyNR.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.10.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity shall allocate the sequence number zero to the TPDU\(hyNR
- of the first DT TPDU which it transmits for a transport connection. For
- subsequent DT\ TPDUs sent on the same transport connection, the transport
- entity shall allocate a sequence number one greater than the previous one.
- .PP
- When a DT TPDU is retransmitted, the TPDU\(hyNR parameter shall have the
- same value as in the first transmission of that DT\ TPDU.
- .bp
- .PP
- Modulo 2\u7\d arithmetic shall be used when normal formats have been
- selected and modulo\ 2\u3\d\u1\d arithmetic shall be used when extended formats
- have been selected. In this Recommendation, the relationships \*Qgreater
- than\*U
- and \*Qless than\*U apply to a set of contiguous TPDU numbers whose range
- is less than the modulus and whose starting and finishing numbers are known.
- The term \*Qless than\*U means \*Qoccurring sooner in the window sequence\*U
- and the term
- \*Qgreater than\*U means \*Qoccurring later in the window sequence\*U.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.11
- \fIExpedited data transfer\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.11.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Expedited data transfer procedures are selected during connection establishment.
- The network normal data variant may be used in Classes\ 1, 2, 3 and\ 4.
- The network expedited variant is only used in Class\ 1.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.11.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDATA;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyEXPEDITED DATA.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.11.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and
- parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- ED TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- b)
- EA TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.11.4
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The TS\(hyuser data parameter of each T\(hyEXPEDITED DATA request shall
- be conveyed as the data field of an Expedited Data (ED) TPDU.
- .PP
- Each ED TPDU received shall be acknowledged by an Expedited
- Acknowledge (EA) TPDU.
- .PP
- No more than one ED TPDU shall remain unacknowledged at any time for each
- direction of a transport connection.
- .PP
- An ED TPDU with a zero length data field shall be treated as a
- protocol error.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The network normal data variant is used, except when the
- network expedited variant (available in Class\ 1 only), has been agreed, in
- which case ED and EA\ TPDUs are conveyed in the data fields of N\(hyEXPEDITED
- DATA primitives (see \(sc\ 6.2.3).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ No TPDUs can be transmitted using network expedited
- until the CC\ TPDU becomes acknowledged, to prevent the network expedited
- from overtaking the CC\ TPDU.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.12
- \fIReassignment after failure\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.12.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The reassignment after failure procedure is used in Classes\ 1 and\ 3 to
- commence recovery from an NS\(hyprovider signalled disconnect.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.12.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following network service
- primitive:
- .RT
- .LP
- N\(hyDISCONNECT indication.
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.12.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- When an N\(hyDISCONNECT indication is received for the network
- connection to which a transport connection is assigned, the initiator shall
- apply one of the following alternatives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if the TTR timer has not already run out and no DR TPDU is
- retained, then:
- .LP
- 1)
- assign the transport connection to a different network
- connection (see \(sc\ 6.1) and start its TTR timer if not
- already started;
- .LP
- 2)
- while waiting for the completion of assignment if:
- .LP
- \(em
- an N\(hyDISCONNECT indication is received, repeat
- the procedure from \(sc\ 6.12.3\ a),
- .LP
- \(em
- the TTR timer expires, begin procedure
- \(sc\ 6.12.3\ b);
- .LP
- 3)
- when reassignment is completed, begin
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) and:
- .LP
- \(em
- if a valid TPDU is received as the result of
- the resynchronization, stop the TTR timer, or
- .LP
- \(em
- if TTR runs out, wait for the next event, or
- .LP
- \(em
- if an N\(hyDISCONNECT indication is received, then
- begin either procedure \(sc\ 6.12.3\ a) or \(sc\ 6.12.3\ b)
- depending on the TTR timer.
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ After TTR expires and while waiting for
- the next event, it is suggested that the initiator set a
- timer with a value equal to TWR. If this timer expires
- before the next event, the initiator should begin the procedure
- in \(sc\ 6.12.3\ b);
- .LP
- b)
- if the TTR timer has run out, consider the transport
- connection as released and freeze the reference
- (see \(sc\ 6.18);
- .LP
- c)
- if a DR TPDU is retained and the TTR timer has not run out,
- then follow the actions in either \(sc\ 6.12.3\ a) or
- \(sc\ 6.12.3\ b).
- .PP
- The responder shall start its TWR timer if not already started.
- The arrival of the first TPDU related to the transport connection (because
- of resynchronization by the initiator) completes the reassignment after
- failure procedure. The TWR timer is stopped and the responder shall continue
- with resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14). If reassignment does not take
- place within this time, the transport connection is considered released
- and the reference is frozen (see \(sc\ 6.18).
- .PP
- If reassignment occurs successfully, both transport entities shall
- continue with resynchronization.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The transport protocol identification procedures specified
- in Annex\ B may need to be considered in conjunction with this procedure.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.12.4
- \fITimers\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The reassignment after failure procedure uses two
- timers:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- TTR, the time to try reassignment/resynchronization timer;
- .LP
- b)
- TWR, the time to wait for reassignment/resynchronization
- timer.
- .PP
- The TWR timer is used by the initiator. Its value shall not
- exceed two minutes minus the sum of the maximum disconnect propagation delay
- and the maximum transit delay of the network connections (see Note\ 1). The
- value for the TTR timer may be indicated in the CR\ TPDU.
- .PP
- The TWR timer is used by the responder. If the reassignment time
- parameter is present in the CR\ TPDU, the TWR timer value shall be greater
- than the sum of the TTR timer plus the maximum disconnect propagation delay
- plus the maximum transit delay of the network connections.
- .PP
- If the reassignment time parameter is not present in the CR TPDU, a
- default value of 2\ minutes shall be used for the TWR timer.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ Provided that the required quality of service is
- met, TTR may be set to zero (i.e.,\ no reassignment), for example if the
- rate of
- NS\(hyprovider generated disconnects is very low.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Inclusion of the reassignment time parameter in the
- CR TPDU allows the responder to use a TWR value of less than 2\ minutes.
- .bp
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ If the optional TS1 and TS2 timers are used, it is
- suggested:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- to stop TS1 or TS2 if running when TTR or TWR is started;
- .LP
- b)
- to restart TS1 or TS2 if necessary when the corresponding
- TPDU (CR\ TPDU or DR\ TPDU respectively) is repeated;
- .LP
- c)
- to select for TS1 and TS2 values greater than
- TTR.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.13
- \fIRetention until acknowledgment of TPDUs\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.13.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The retention until acknowledgment of TPDUs procedure is used in
- Classes\ 1, 3 and\ 4 to enable and minimize retransmission after possible loss
- of TPDUs.
- .PP
- The confirmation of receipt variant is used only in Class\ 1 when it
- has been agreed during connection establishment (see Note).
- .PP
- The AK variant is used in Classes\ 3 and\ 4 and also in Class\ 1 when the
- confirmation of receipt variant has not been agreed during connection
- establishment.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Use of confirmation of receipt variant depends on the
- availability of the network layer receipt confirmation service and the
- expected cost reduction.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.13.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following network service
- primitives:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- N\(hyDATA;
- .LP
- b)
- N\(hyDATA ACKNOWLEDGE.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.13.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- CR, CC, DR and DC TPDUs.
- .LP
- b)
- RJ and AK TPDUs:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- c)
- DT TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- d)
- ED TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- e)
- EA TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.13.4
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Copies of the following TPDUs shall be retained upon transmission to permit
- their later retransmission:
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .ce 1000
- CR, CC, DR, DT and ED TPDUs
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- except that if a DR TPDU is sent in response to a CR TPDU, there is no
- need to retain a copy of the DR\ TPDU.
- .PP
- A copy of each of these TPDUs shall be retained
- until:
- .LP
- a)
- it is acknowledged, as specified in Table\ 5/X.224; or
- .LP
- b)
- the transport connection is released.
- .PP
- In the confirmation of receipt variant, applicable only in
- Class\ 1, transport entities shall:
- .LP
- a)
- set the confirmation request parameter only if the data
- parameter contains a CC or DT\ TPDU (see Notes\ 1 and\ 2); and
- .LP
- b)
- issue an N\(hyDATA ACKNOWLEDGE request when it receives an
- N\(hyDATA indication with the confirmation request parameter set.
- .bp
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ It is a local matter for each transport entity to decide
- which N\(hyDATA requests should have the confirmation request parameter
- set. This decision will normally be related to the amount of storage available
- for
- retained copies of the DT\ TPDUs.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Use of the confirmation request parameter may affect the
- quality of network service.
- .RT
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T5.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE\ 5/X.224
- .ce
- \fBAcknowledgement of TPDUs\fR
- .ps 9
- .vs 11
- .nr VS 11
- .nr PS 9
- .TS
- center box;
- lw(36p) | lw(72p) | lw(120p) .
-
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTable 5/X.224 [T5.224], p.\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.14
- \fIResynchronization\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The resynchronization procedures are used in Classes\ 1 and 3 to
- restore the transport connection to normal after a reset or during reassignment
- after failure according to \(sc\ 6.12.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.2
- \fINetwork service primitives\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following network service
- primitive:
- .RT
- .LP
- N\(hyRESET indication.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.3
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- CR, DR, CC and DC TPDUs.
- .LP
- b)
- RJ TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- c)
- DT TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- d)
- ED TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- e)
- EA TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR.
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.4
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity which is notified of the occurrence of an
- N\(hyRESET or which is performing reassignment after failure according
- to \(sc\ 6.12 shall carry out the active resynchronization procedures (see
- \(sc\ 6.14.4.1)
- \fIunless\fR any of the following hold:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- the transport entity is the responder. In this case, the
- passive resynchronization procedure shall be carried out (see
- \(sc\ 6.14.4.2);
- .LP
- b)
- the transport entity has elected not to reassign (see
- \(sc\ 6.12.3\ c)). In this case, no resynchronizaion takes
- place.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.4.1
- \fIActive resynchronization procedures\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entity shall carry out one of the following
- actions:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if the TTR timer has been previously started and has run
- out (i.e.\ no valid TPDU has been received), the transport
- connection is considered as released and the reference is
- frozen (see \(sc\ 6.18);
- .LP
- b)
- otherwise, the TTR timer shall be started (unless it is
- already running) and the first applicable one of the following
- actions shall be taken:
- .LP
- 1)
- if a CR TPDU is unacknowledged, then the transport
- entity shall retransmit it;
- .LP
- 2)
- if a DR TPDU is unacknowledged, then the transport
- entity shall retransmit it;
- .LP
- 3)
- otherwise, the transport entity shall carry out the
- data resynchronization procedures
- (\(sc\ 6.14.4.3).
- .LP
- The TTR timer is stopped when a valid TPDU is
- received.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.4.2
- \fIPassive resynchronization procedures\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entity shall not send any TPDUs until a TPDU has been received.
- The transport entity shall start its TWR timer if it was not already started
- (due to a previous N\(hyDISCONNECT or N\(hyRESET indication). If the timer
- runs out prior to the receipt of a valid TPDU which commences resynchronization
- (i.e.\ CR or DR or ED or RJ\ TPDU), the transport connection is considered
- as
- released and the reference is released (see \(sc\ 6.18).
- .PP
- When a valid TPDU is received, the transport entity shall stop its TWR
- timer and carry out the appropriate one of the following actions, depending
- on the TPDU:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if it is a DR TPDU, then the transport entity shall send a
- DC TPDU;
- .LP
- b)
- if it is a repeated CR TPDU (see Note\ 1) then the transport
- entity shall carry out the action which is appropriate
- from the following:
- .LP
- 1)
- if a CC TPDU has alredy been sent, and acknowledged:
- treat as a protocol error;
- .LP
- 2)
- if a DR TPDU is unacknowledged (whether or not a
- CC\ TPDU is unacknowledged): retransmit the DR\ TPDU,
- but setting the source reference to zero;
- .LP
- 3)
- if the T\(hyCONNECT response has not yet been received
- from the user: take no action;
- .LP
- 4)
- otherwise: retransmit the CC TPDU followed by any
- unacknowledged ED\ TPDU (see Note\ 2) and any
- DT\ TPDU.
- .LP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ A repeated CR can be identified by being on
- a network connection with the appropriate network
- addresses and having a correct source reference.
- .LP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The transport entity should not use network
- expedited until the CC is acknowledged (see \(sc\ 6.5).
- This rule prevents the network expedited from
- overtaking the CC\ TPDU;
- .bp
- .LP
- c)
- if it is an RJ or ED TPDU, then one of the following actions
- shall be taken:
- .LP
- 1)
- if a DR TPDU is unacknowledged, then the transport
- entity shall retransmit it;
- .LP
- 2)
- if a CC TPDU is unacknowledged, the RJ or ED\ TPDU
- shall be considered as acknowledging the CC\ TPDU, and the transport entity
- shall carry out the data resynchronization procedures (\(sc\ 6.14.4.3);
- .LP
- 3)
- if a CC TPDU was never sent, the RJ or ED\ TPDU should be considered
- as a protocol error;
- .LP
- 4)
- otherwise, the transport entity shall carry out the
- data resynchronization procedures (\(sc\ 6.14.4.3.)
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.14.4.3
- \fIData resynchronization procedures\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entity shall carry out the following actions in the following
- order:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- (re)transmit any ED TPDU which is unacknowledged;
- .LP
- b)
- transmit an RJ TPDU with YR\(hyTU\(hyNR field set to the TPDU\(hyNR
- of the next expected DT TPDU;
- .LP
- c)
- wait for the next TPDU from the other transport entity,
- unless it has already been received. If a DR\ TPDU is received,
- the transport entity shall send a DC\ TPDU, freeze the reference,
- inform the TS\(hyuser of the disconnection and take no further
- action [i.e.\ it shall not follow the procedures in
- \(sc\ 6.14.4.3\ d)]. If an RJ\ TPDU is received, the procedures of
- \(sc\ 6.14.4.3\ d) shall be followed. If an ED\ TPDU is received, the
- procedures as described in \(sc\ 6.11 shall be followed. If it is a
- duplicated ED\ TPDU, the transport entity shall acknowledge it
- with an EA\ TPDU, discard the duplicated ED\ TPDU and wait again
- for the next TPDU;
- .LP
- d)
- (re)transmit any DT TPDUs which are unacknowledged,
- subject to any applicable flow control procedures
- (see Note).
- .LP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The RJ TPDU may have reduced the credit.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.15
- \fIMultiplexing and demultiplexing\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.15.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The multiplexing and demultiplexing procedures are used in
- Classes\ 2, 3 and\ 4 to allow several transport connections to share a network
- connection at the same time.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.15.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and
- parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- CC, DR, DC, DT, AK, ED, EA, RJ and ER TPDUs:
- .LP
- \(em
- DST\(hyREF.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.15.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall be able to send and receive on the
- same network connection TPDUs belonging to different transport connections.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ When performing demultiplexing, the transport connection
- to which the TPDUs apply is determined by the procedures defined in \(sc\
- 6.9.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Multiplexing allows the concatenation of TPDUs belonging
- to different transport connections to be transferred in the same N\(hyDATA
- primitive (see \(sc\ 6.4).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.16
- \fIExplicit flow control\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.16.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The explicit flow control procedure is used in Classes\ 2, 3 and\ 4 to
- regulate the flow of DT TPDUs independently of the flow control in the
- other layers.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.16.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs and
- parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- CR, CC, AK and RJ TPDUs:
- .LP
- \(em
- CDT.
- .LP
- b)
- DT TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- c)
- AK TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR;
- .LP
- \(em
- subsequence number;
- .LP
- \(em
- flow control confirmation.
- .LP
- d)
- RJ TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.16.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedures differ in different classes. They are defined in the sections
- specifying the separate classes.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.17
- \fIChecksum\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.17.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The checksum procedure is used to detect corruption of TPDUs by the NS\(hyprovider.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Although a checksum algorithm has to be adapted to the
- type of errors expected on the network connection, at present only one
- algorithm is defined.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.17.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- All TPDUs:
- .LP
- \(em
- checksum.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.17.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The checksum is used only in Class 4. It shall always be used for the CR\
- TPDU, and shall be used for all other TPDUs unless the non\(hyuse of the
- checksum was selected during connection establishment.
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall transmit TPDUs with the checksum
- parameter set such that the following formulae are satisfied:
- \v'6p'
- .RT
- .LP
- @ pile {\fIL\fR above sum above \fIi\fR =1
- } @ \fIa
- \di\u\fR \(== 0 (modulo 255)
- .LP
- @ pile {\fIL\fR above sum above \fIi\fR =1
- } @ \fIia
- \di\u\fR \(== 0 (modulo 255)
- .LP
- .sp 1
- where
- .LP
- \fIi\fR =
- number (i.e. position) of an octet within the TPDU
- (see \(sc\ 13.2).
- .LP
- \fIa\fR\d\fIi\fR\u =
- value of octet in position \fIi\fR .
- .LP
- \fIL\fR =
- length of TPDU in octets.
- .PP
- A transport entity which receives a TPDU for a transport
- connection for which the use of checksum has been agreed and which does not
- satisfy the above formulae shall discard the TPDU (see also Note\ 2).
- .bp
- .PP
- When a spurious TPDU is received and an answer is to be sent the
- transport entity shall:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if it supports the checksum algorithm and the received TPDU contains
- a checksum parameter, include a checksum parameter in the answering
- TPDU; or
- .LP
- b)
- in all other cases, not include a checksum parameter in the answering TPDU.
- .PP
- An entity not supporting checksum may always suppose that a
- CR\ TPDU with Class\ 4 proposed is correct and therefore negotiate down to a
- class lower than\ 4.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ An efficient algorithm for determining the checksum
- parameters is given in Appendix\ I.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ If the checksum is incorrect, it is not possible to know
- with certainty to which transport connection the TPDU is related; thus,
- further action may be taken for all the transport connections assigned
- to the network connection (see \(sc\ 6.9).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ The checksum proposed is easy to calculate and so
- will not impose a heavy burden on implementations. However, it will not
- detect insertion or loss of leading or trailing zeros and will not detect
- some octets
- misordering.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ When a TPDU is received on a network connection, it is
- never possible to know with certainty that only Class\ 4 transport connections
- use this network connection because it may be a TPDU performing
- reassignment.
- .PP
- Therefore the only way to check the validity is the
- following:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- if the network connection is used by a Class\ 0 or Class\ 1
- transport connection, there is no checksum;
- .LP
- b)
- examine the TPDU code;
- .LP
- c)
- deduce the fixed part length;
- .LP
- d)
- from LI, deduce the variable part;
- .LP
- e)
- go through parameters and if the checksum parameter is
- found, then verify it;
- .LP
- f
- )
- if it is incorrect, then assume that transport
- connection is Class\ 4 and drop it;
- .LP
- g)
- if it is correct, then associate the TPDU with a transport
- connection; if the transport connection uses the checksum,
- it is correct; else, it must be considered as a protocol
- error.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.18
- \fIFrozen references\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.18.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure is used in order to prevent re\(hyuse of a
- reference while TPDUs associated with the old use of the reference may still
- exist.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.18.2
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- When a transport entity determines that a particular connection is released,
- it shall place the reference which it has allocated to the connection in
- a frozen state according to the procedures of the class. While frozen,
- the reference shall not be re\(hyused.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The frozen reference procedure is necessary because
- retransmission or misordering can cause TPDUs bearing a reference to arrive
- at an entity after it has released the connection for which it allocated
- the
- reference. Retransmission, for example, can arise when the class includes
- either resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) or retransmission on timeout (see
- \(sc\ 6.19).
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.18.2.1
- \fIProcedure for Classes 0 and 2\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This Recommendation does not specify frozen reference procedures
- for classes\ 0 and\ 2.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ For consistency with the other classes, references may be
- frozen as a local matter.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.18.2.2
- \fIProcedure for Classes 1 and 3\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The frozen reference procedure is used except in the following
- cases (see Note\ 1):
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- when the transport entity receives a DC TPDU in response to
- a DR TPDU which it has sent (see Note\ 2);
- .LP
- b)
- when the transport entity sends a DR TPDU in response to a
- CR TPDU which it has received (see Note\ 3);
- .LP
- c)
- when the transport entity has considered the connection to
- be released after the expiration of the TWR timer
- (see Note\ 4);
- .LP
- d)
- when the transport entity receives a DR or ER TPDU in
- response to a CR TPDU which it has sent.
- .PP
- The period of time for which the reference remains frozen shall be greater
- than the TWR time.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ However, even in these cases, for consistency, freezing
- the reference may be done as a local decision.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ When the DC TPDU is received, it is certain that
- the other transport entity considers the connection released.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ When the DR or ER TPDU is sent, the peer transport
- entity has not been informed of any reference assignment and thus cannot
- possibly make use of a reference (this includes the case where a CC\ TPDU
- was sent, but was
- lost).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ In \(sc\ 6.18.2\ c), the transport entity has already
- effectively frozen the reference for an adequate period.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.18.2.3
- \fIProcedure for Class 4\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The frozen reference procedure shall be used in Class 4. The
- period for which the reference remains frozen shall be greater than\ \fIL\fR
- (see
- \(sc\ 12.2.1.1.6).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.19
- \fIRetransmission on timeout\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.19.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure is used in Class 4 to cope with unsignalled loss of TPDUs
- by the NS\(hyprovider.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.19.2
- \fITPDUs used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure makes use of the following TPDUs:
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .ce 1000
- CR, CC, DR, DT, ED and AK TPDUs.
- .ce 0
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.19.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure is specified in the procedures for Class 4 (see
- \(sc\ 12.2.1.2\ i)).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.20
- \fIResequencing\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.20.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The resequencing procedure is used in Class 4 to cope with
- misordering of TPDUs by the NS\(hyprovider.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.20.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- DT TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- TPDU\(hyNR.
- .LP
- b)
- ED TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR.
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.20.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure is specified in the procedures for Class\ 4 (see
- \(sc\ 12.2.3.5).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.21
- \fIInactivity control\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.21.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The inactivity control procedure is used in Class 4 to cope with
- unsignalled termination of a network connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.21.2
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure is specified in the procedures for Class 4 (see
- \(sc\ 12.2.3.3).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.22
- \fITreatment of\fR
- \fIprotocol errors\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.22.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure for treatment of protocol errors is used in all
- classes to deal with invalid TPDUs.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.22.2
- \fITPDUs and parameters used\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedure uses the following TPDUs and parameters:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- ER TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- reject cause;
- .LP
- \(em
- invalid TPDU.
- .LP
- b)
- DR TPDU:
- .LP
- \(em
- reason code.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.22.3
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity that receives a TPDU that can be associated to a transport
- connection and is invalid or constitutes a protocol error (see
- \(sc\(sc\ 3.2.16 and 3.2.17) shall take one of the following actions so
- as not to
- jeopardize any other transport connections not assigned to that network
- connection:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- transmitting an ER TPDU;
- .LP
- b)
- resetting or closing the network connection; or
- .LP
- c)
- invoking the release procedures appropriate to the
- class.
- .PP
- Under certain circumstances it is also possible to discard the
- TPDU.
- .PP
- If an ER TPDU is sent in Class 0, it shall contain the octets of
- the invalid TPDU up to and including the octet where the error was detected
- (see Notes\ 3, 4 and\ 5).
- .PP
- If the TPDU cannot be associated with a particular transport
- connection, the transport entity shall follow the procedure in \(sc\ 6.9.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ In general, no further action is specified for the
- receiver of the ER TPDU, but it is suggested that it initiates the release
- procedure
- appropriate to the class. If the ER\ TPDU has been received as an answer to a
- CR\ TPDU, then the connection is regarded as released (see \(sc\ 6.6).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Care should be taken by a transport entity receiving
- several invalid TPDUs or ER\ TPDUs to avoid looping if the error is generated
- repeatedly.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ If the invalid received TPDU is greater than the
- selected maximum TPDU size, it is possible that it cannot be included in
- the invalid
- TPDU parameter of the ER\ TPDU.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ It is suggested that the sender of the ER TPDU start a
- timer TS2 to ensure the release of the connection. If the timer expires, the
- transport entity shall initiate the release procedures appropriate to the
- class. The timer should be stopped when a DR\ TPDU or an N\(hyDISCONNECT
- indication is received.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 5\fR \ \(em\ In classes other than 0, it is suggested that the
- invalid TPDU be also included in the ER\ TPDU.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 6.23
- \fISplitting and recombining\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.23.1
- \fIPurpose\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This procedure is used only in Class\ 4 to allow a transport
- connection to make use of multiple network connections to provide additional
- resilience against network failure, to increase throughput, or for other
- reasons.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 6.23.2
- \fIProcedure\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- When this function is being used, a transport connection may be
- assigned (see \(sc\ 6.1) to multiple network connections (see Note\ 1).
- TPDUs for
- the connection may be sent over any such network connection.
- .PP
- If the use of Class 4 is not accepted by the remote transport entity following
- the negotiation rules, then no network connection except that over
- which the CR\ TPDU was sent may have this transport connection assigned to it.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The resequencing function of Class 4 (see \(sc\ 6.20)
- is used to ensure that TPDUs are processed in the correct sequence.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ Either transport entity may assign the connection to
- further network connections of which it is the owner at any time during the
- lifetime of the transport connection, provided the following constraints are
- respected:
- .RT
- .LP
- \(em
- the initiator does not start splitting before having received the CC\ TPDU;
- .LP
- \(em
- as soon as a new assignment is done, it is recommended to
- send a TPDU on this network connection in order to make the remote entity
- aware of this assignment.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ In order to enable the detection of unsignalled network
- connection failures, a transport entity performing splitting should ensure
- that TPDUs are sent at intervals on each supporting network connection,
- for example by sending successive TPDUs on successive network connections,
- where the set of network connections is used cyclically. By monitoring
- each network connection, a transport entity may detect unsignalled network
- connection failures,
- following the inactivity procedures defined in \(sc\ 12.2.3.3. Thus, for each
- network connection, no period\ I (see \(sc\ 12.2.3.1) may elapse without
- the receipt of some TPDU for some transport connection.
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB7\fR \fBProtocol classes\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .PP
- Table 6/X.224 gives an overview of which elements of procedure are included
- in each class. In certain cases, the elements of procedure within
- different classes are not identical, and, for this reason, Table\ 6/X.224
- cannot be considered part of the definitive specification of the protocol.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB8\fR \fBSpecification for Class 0: simple class\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8.1
- \fIFunctions of Class 0\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 0 is designed to have minimum functionality. It provides only the
- functions needed for connection establishment with negotiation, data
- transfer with segmenting and protocol error reporting.
- .PP
- Class 0 provides transport connections with flow control based on the
- network service provided flow control, and disconnection based on the network
- service disconnection.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 8.2
- \fIProcedures for Class 0\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8.2.1
- \fIProcedures applicable at all times\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- TPDU transfer (see \(sc\ 6.2);
- .LP
- b)
- association of TPDUs with transport connections (see
- \(sc\ 6.9);
- .LP
- c)
- treatment of protocol errors (see \(sc\ 6.22);
- .LP
- d)
- error release (see \(sc\ 6.8).
- .bp
- .ce
- \fBH.T. [T6.224]\fR
- .ce
- TABLE\ 6/X.224
- .ce
- \fBAllocation of elements of procedure within classes\fR
- .ps 9
- .vs 11
- .nr VS 11
- .nr PS 9
- .TS
- center box;
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
-
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X X X X X TPDU Transfer 6.2\
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Segmenting and reassembling
- 6.3\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Concatenation and separation
- 6.4\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Connection Establishment
- 6.5\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Connection Refusal
- 6.6\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Normal Release
- 6.7\
- implicit
- explicit
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Error Release
- 6.8\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X T{
- X
- Association of TPDUs with TCs
- 6.9\
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Data TPDU Numbering
- 6.10
- normal
- extended
- .
- X
- m\|\ua\d\u)\d
- o\|\ua\d\u)\d
- m
- o
- m
- o
- Expedited Data Transfer
- 6.11
- network normal
- network express
- .
- m
- ao
- X\|\ua\d\u)\d
- X\fR
- X
- Reassignment after failure
- 6.12
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X T{
- X
- \uc\d\u)\d
- Retention until acknowledgement of TPDUs
- 6.13
- Conf. receipt
- AK
- .
- ao
- m
- .
- X
- X
- Resynchronization
- 6.14
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X T{
- X
- \uc\d\u)\d
- Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
- 6.15
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X\|\ub\d\u)\d
- X
- X
- Explicit Flow Control (with)
- .line
- Explicit Flow Control (without)
- .line
- 6.16
- .
- X
- X
- m
- o
- X
- X
- Checksum (use of)
- .line
- Checksum (non\(hyuse of)
- .line
- 6.17
- .
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- o
- Frozen References
- 6.18
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X T{
- X
- X
- Retransmission on Timeout
- 6.19
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- X
- Resequencing
- 6.20
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- X Inactivity Control 6.21
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- Treatment of Protocol Errors
- 6.22
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X
- X
- X
- X
- Splitting and Recombining
- 6.23
- T}
- .T&
- lw(90p) | lw(42p) | lw(54p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) | lw(12p) | lw(6p) .
- T{
- X
- X:
- Procedure always included in class.
- .line
- empty square:\ Not applicable.
- .line
- m:
- Negotiable procedure whose implementation in equipment is
- mandatory.
- .line
- o:
- Negotiable procedure whose implementation in equipment is
- optional.
- .line
- ao:
- Negotiable procedure whose implementation in equipment is optional and where use depends on availability within the network service.
- .line
- \ua\d\u)\d
- Not applicable in class 2 when non\(hyuse of explicit flow control
- is selected.
- .line
- \ub\d\u)\d
- Multiplexing may lead to degradation of the quality of service if the non\(hyuse of explicit flow control has been selected.
- .line
- \uc\d\u)\d
- This function is provided in class 4 using procedures other than those used in the cross reference.
- .parag
- T}
- .TE
- .nr PS 9
- .RT
- .ad r
- \fBTableau 6/X.224 [T6.224], p. 8\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .ad b
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8.2.2
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- assignment to network connection (see \(sc\ 6.1); then
- .LP
- b)
- connection establishment (see \(sc\ 6.5) and, if appropriate,
- connection refusal (see \(sc\ 6.6);
- .LP
- subject to the following constraints:
- .LP
- c)
- the CR and CC TPDUs shall contain no parameter field other than those
- for TSAP\(hyID and maximum TPDU size;
- .LP
- d)
- the CR and CC TPDUs shall not contain a data field.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8.2.3
- \fIData transfer\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the segmenting and reassembling
- procedure (see \(sc\ 6.3).
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 8.2.4
- \fIRelease\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the implicit variant of the normal release
- procedure (see \(sc\ 6.7).
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The lifetime of the transport connection is directly
- correlated with the lifetime of the network connection.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB9\fR \fBSpecification for Class 1: basic error recovery class\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.1
- \fIFunctions of Class 1\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 1 provides transport connections with flow control based on the network
- service provided flow control, error recovery, expedited data
- transfer, disconnection, and also the ability to support consecutive transport
- connections on a network connection.
- .PP
- This class provides the functionality of Class 0 plus the ability to recover
- after a failure signalled by the Network Layer, without involving the TS\(hyuser.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 9.2
- \fIProcedures for Class 1\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.2.1
- \fIProcedures applicable at all times\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- TPDU transfer (see \(sc\ 6.2);
- .LP
- b)
- association of TPDU with transport connections (see \(sc\ 6.9);
- .LP
- c)
- treatment of protocol errors (see \(sc\ 6.22);
- .LP
- d)
- reassignment after failure (see \(sc\ 6.12);
- .LP
- e)
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14), or reassignment after
- failure (see \(sc\ 6.12) together with resynchronization
- (see \(sc\ 6.14);
- .LP
- f
- )
- concatenation and separation (see \(sc\ 6.4);
- .LP
- g)
- retention until acknowledgment of TPDUs (see \(sc\ 6.13); the
- variant used, AK or confirmation of receipt, shall be as
- selected during connection establishment (see Notes);
- .LP
- h)
- frozen references (see \(sc\ 6.18).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The negotiation of the variant of retention until
- acknowledgment of TPDUs procedure to be used over the transport connection
- has been designed such that if the initiator proposes the use of the AK
- variant
- (i.e. the mandatory implementation option), the responder has to accept
- use of this option and if the initiator proposes use of the confirmation
- of receipt
- variant the responder is entitled to select use of the AK variant.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The AK variant makes use of AK TPDUs to release copies
- of retained DT\ TPDUs. The CDT parameter of AK\ TPDUs in Class\ 1 is not
- significant, and is set to\ 1111.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ The confirmation of receipt variant is restricted
- to this class and its use depends on the availability of the network layer
- receipt
- confirmation service, and the expected cost reduction.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.2.2
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- assignment to network connection (see \(sc\ 6.1); then
- .LP
- b)
- connection establishment (see \(sc\ 6.5) and, if appropriate,
- connection refusal (see \(sc\ 6.6).
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 9.2.3
- \fIData transfer\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.2.3.1
- \fIGeneral\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- segmenting (see \(sc\ 6.3); then
- .LP
- b)
- the normal format variant of DT TPDU numbering (see
- \(sc\ 6.10).
- .LP
- The receiving transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .LP
- c)
- the normal format variant of DT TPDU numbering (see \(sc\ 6.10); then
- .LP
- d)
- reassembling (see \(sc\ 6.3).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The use of RJ TPDU during resynchronization (see
- \(sc\ 6.14) can lead to retransmission. Thus, the receipt of a duplicate
- DT\ TPDU is possible; such a DT\ TPDU is discarded.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ It is possible to decide on a local basis to issue an
- N\(hyRESET request in order to force the remote entity to carry out the
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14).
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.2.3.2
- \fIExpedited data\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use either of the network normal data or the
- network expedited variants of the expedited data transfer procedure (see
- \(sc\ 6.11) if their use has been selected during connection establishment
- (see
- Note\ 1).
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall not allocate the same ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR
- to successive ED\ TPDUs (see Notes\ 2 and\ 3).
- .PP
- When acknowledging an ED\ TPDU by sending an EA\ TPDU the transport
- entity shall put into the YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR parameter of the EA\ TPDU the value
- received in the ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR parameter of the ED\ TPDU.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The negotiation of the variant of expedited data
- transfer procedure to be used over the transport connection has been designed
- such that if the initiator proposes the use of the network normal data
- variant (i.e.,\ the mandatory implementation option), the responder has
- to accept use of this
- option and if the initiator proposes use of the network expedited variant,
- the responder is entitled to select use of the network normal data variant.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ This numbering enables the receiving transport entity to
- discard repeated ED TPDUs when resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) has taken
- place.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ No other significance is attached to the ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR
- parameter. It is suggested, but not essential, that the values used be
- consecutive modulo\ 128.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 9.2.4
- \fIRelease\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the explicit variant of the
- release procedure (see \(sc\ 6.7).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB10\fR \fBSpecification for Class 2: multiplexing class\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.1
- \fIFunctions of Class 2\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- Class 2 provides transport connections with or without individual flow
- control; no error detection or error recovery is provided.
- .PP
- If the network connection resets or disconnects, the transport
- connection is terminated without the transport release procedure and the
- TS\(hyuser is informed.
- .PP
- When explicit flow control is used, a credit mechanism is defined
- allowing the receiver to inform the sender of the exact amount of data he is
- willing to receive and expedited data transfer is available.
- .bp
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 10.2
- \fIProcedures for Class 2\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.1
- \fIProcedures applicable at all times\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- association of TPDUs with transport connections (see
- \(sc\ 6.9);
- .LP
- b)
- TPDU transfer (see \(sc\ 6.2);
- .LP
- c)
- treatment of protocol errors (see \(sc\ 6.22);
- .LP
- d)
- concatenation and separation (see \(sc\ 6.4);
- .LP
- e)
- error release (see \(sc\ 6.8).
- .LP
- Additionally the transport entities may use the following
- procedure:
- .LP
- f
- )
- multiplexing and demultiplexing (see \(sc\ 6.15).
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.2
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- assignment to network connection (see \(sc\ 6.1); then
- .LP
- b)
- connection establishment (see \(sc\ 6.5) and, if applicable,
- connection refusal (see \(sc\ 6.6).
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.3
- \fIData transfer when non\(hyuse of explicit flow control has\fR
- \fIbeen selected\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- If this option has been selected as a result of the connection
- establishment, the transport entities shall use the segmenting procedure
- (see \(sc\ 6.3).
- .PP
- The TPDU\(hyNR field of DT TPDUs is not significant and may take any
- value.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ Expedited data transfer is not applicable (see \(sc\ 6.5).
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 10.2.4
- \fIData transfer when use of explicit flow control has been\fR
- \fIselected\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.4.1
- \fIGeneral\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- segmenting (see \(sc\ 6.3); then
- .LP
- b)
- DT TPDU numbering (see \(sc\ 6.10);
- .LP
- The receiving transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .LP
- c)
- DT TPDU numbering (see \(sc\ 6.10); if a DT\ TPDU is received
- which is out of sequence it shall be treated as a protocol error; then
- .LP
- d)
- reassembling (see \(sc\ 6.3).
- .PP
- The variant of the DT TPDU numbering which is used by both
- transport entities shall be that which was agreed at connection
- establishment.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.4.2
- \fIFlow control\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall send an initial credit (which may be zero)
- in the CDT field of the CR or CC TPDU. This credit represents the initial
- value of the upper window allocated to the peer entity.
- .PP
- The transport entity that receives the CR or the CC TPDU shall
- consider its lower window edge as zero, and its upper window edge as the
- value of the CDT field in the received TPDU.
- .PP
- In order to authorize the transmission of DT TPDUs by its peer, a
- transport entity may transmit an AK\ TPDU at any time, subject to the following
- constraints:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter shall be at most one greater than the TPDU\(hyNR
- parameter of the last received DT\ TPDU or shall be zero if no DT\ TPDU
- has been received;
- .LP
- b)
- if an AK TPDU has previously been sent, the value of the
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter shall not be lower than that in the previously sent
- AK\ TPDU;
- .LP
- c)
- the sum of the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR and CDT parameters shall not be less than
- the upper window edge allocated to the remote entity (see Note\ 1).
- .bp
- .PP
- A transport entity which receives an AK TPDU shall consider the
- YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter as its new lower window edge, and the sum of YR\(hyTU\(hyNR
- and
- CDT as its new upper window edge. If either of these have been reduced or if
- the lower window edge has become more than one greater than the TPDU\(hyNR
- of the last transmitted DT TPDU, this shall be treated as a protocol error
- (see
- \(sc\ 6.22).
- .PP
- A transport entity shall not send a DT TPDU with a TPDU\(hyNR outside of
- the transmit window (see Notes\ 2 and\ 3).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ This means that credit reduction is not applicable.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ This means that a transport entity is required to stop
- sending if the TPDU\(hyNR parameter of the next DT\ TPDU which would be
- sent would be the upper window edge. Sending of DT\ TPDU may be resumed
- if an AK\ TPDU is
- received which increases the upper window edge.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ The rate at which a transport entity progresses the
- upper window edge allocated to its peer entity constrains the throughput
- attainable on the transport connection.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.4.3
- \fIExpedited data\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall follow the network normal data variant of
- the expedited data transfer procedure in \(sc\ 6.11 if its use has been
- agreed during connection establishment. ED and EA TPDUs are not subject
- to the flow
- control procedures in \(sc\ 10.2.4.2. The ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR and YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR
- parameters of ED and EA TPDUs respectively are not significant and may
- take any value.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 10.2.5
- \fIRelease\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the explicit variant of the
- release procedure in \(sc\ 6.7.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- \fB11\fR \fBSpecification for Class 3: error recovery and multiplexing
- class\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.1
- \fIFunctions of Class 3\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- This class provides the functionality of Class 2 (with use of
- explicit flow control) plus the ability to recover after a failure signalled
- by the Network Layer without involving the TS\(hyuser.
- .PP
- The mechanisms used to achieve this functionality also allow the
- implementation of more flexible flow control.
- .RT
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 11.2
- \fIProcedures for Class 3\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.1
- \fIProcedures applicable at all times\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- association of TPDUs with transport connections (see
- \(sc\ 6.9);
- .LP
- b)
- TPDU transfer (see \(sc\ 6.2) and retention until
- acknowledgment of TPDUs (AK variant only) (see \(sc\ 6.13);
- .LP
- c)
- treatment of protocol errors (see \(sc 6.22);
- .LP
- d)
- concatenation and separation (see \(sc 6.4);
- .LP
- e)
- reassignment after failure (see \(sc\ 6.12), together with
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14);
- .LP
- f
- )
- frozen references (see \(sc\ 6.18).
- .PP
- Additionally, the transport entities may use the following
- procedure:
- .LP
- g)
- multiplexing and demultiplexing (see \(sc\ 6.15).
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.2
- \fIConnection establishment\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entity shall use the following procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- assignment to network connections (see \(sc\ 6.1); then
- .LP
- b)
- connection establishment (see \(sc\ 6.5) and, if appropriate,
- connection refusal (see \(sc\ 6.6).
- .bp
- .sp 2P
- .LP
- 11.2.3
- \fIData transfer\fR
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.3.1
- \fIGeneral\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- segmenting (see \(sc\ 6.3); then
- .LP
- b)
- DT TPDU numbering (see \(sc\ 6.10); after receipt of an RJ\ TPDU (see
- \(sc\ 11.2.3.2) the next DT\ TPDU to be sent may have a value
- which is not the previous value of TPDU\(hyNR plus one.
- .PP
- The receiving transport entity shall use the following
- procedures:
- .LP
- c)
- DT TPDU numbering (see \(sc\ 6.10); the TPDU\(hyNR parameter of
- each received DT\ TPDU shall be treated as a protocol error if it
- exceeds the greatest such value received in a previous DT\ TPDU
- by more than one (see Note); then
- .LP
- d)
- reassembling (see \(sc\ 6.3); duplicated TPDUs shall be
- eliminated before reassembling is performed.
- .PP
- \fINote\fR \ \(em\ The use of RJ TPDUs (see \(sc\ 11.2.3.2) can lead to
- retransmission and reduction of credit. Thus the receipt of a DT\ TPDU
- which is a duplicate, or which is greater than or equal to the upper window
- edge
- allocated to the peer entity, is possible and is therefore not treated as a
- protocol error.
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.3.2
- \fIUse of RJ TPDU\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- A transport entity may send an RJ TPDU at any time in order to
- invite retransmission or to reduce the upper window edge allocated to the
- peer entity (see Note\ 1).
- .PP
- When an RJ TPDU is sent, the following constraints shall be
- respected:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter shall be at most one greater than the greatest
- such value received in a previous DT\ TPDU, or shall be
- zero if no DT\ TPDU has yet been received (see Note\ 2);
- .LP
- b)
- if an AK or RJ TPDU has previously been sent, the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter
- shall not be lower than that in the previously sent
- AK or RJ\ TPDU.
- .PP
- When a transport entity receives an RJ\ TPDU (see Note 3):
- .LP
- c)
- the next DT TPDU to be transmitted, or retransmitted, shall be that for
- which the value of the TPDU\(hyNR parameter is equal
- to the value of the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter of the RJ\ TPDU;
- .LP
- d)
- the sum of the values of the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR and CDT parameters of the
- RJ\ TPDU becomes the new upper window edge (see Note\ 4).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ An RJ TPDU can also be sent as part of the
- resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) and reassignment after failure (see
- \(sc\ 6.12)
- procedures.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ It is suggested that the YR\(hyTU\(hyNR parameter
- be equal to the TPDU\(hyNR parameter of the next expected DT\ TPDU.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ These rules are a subset of those specified for when an
- RJ\ TPDU is received during resynchronization (see \(sc\ 6.14) and reassignment
- after failure (see \(sc\ 6.12).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 4\fR \ \(em\ This means that RJ TPDU can be used to reduce the upper
- window edge allocated to the peer entity (credit reduction).
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.3.3
- \fIFlow control\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The procedures shall be as defined in \(sc\ 10.2.4.2, except
- that:
- .RT
- .LP
- a)
- a credit reduction may lead to the reception of a DT\ TPDU
- with a TPDU\(hyNR parameter whose value is not but would have been
- less than the upper window edge allocated to the remote entity
- prior to the credit reduction. This shall not be treated as a
- protocol error;
- .LP
- b)
- receipt of an AK TPDU which sets the lower window edge more than one
- greater than the TPDU\(hyNR of the last transmitted
- DT\ TPDU shall not be treated as a protocol error, provided
- that all acknowledged DT\ TPDUs have been previously
- transmitted (see Notes\ 1 and\ 2).
- .bp
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ This can only occur during retransmission following
- receipt of an RJ\ TPDU.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The transport entity may either continue retransmission
- as before or retransmit only those DT\ TPDUs not acknowledged by the AK\
- TPDU. In
- either case, copies of the acknowledged DT\ TPDUs need not be retained
- further.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.3.4
- \fIExpedited data\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall follow the network normal data variant of
- expedited data transfer procedure in \(sc\ 6.11 if its use has been agreed
- during connection establishment.
- .PP
- The sending transport entity shall not allocate the same ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR
- to successive ED\ TPDUs.
- .PP
- The receiving transport entity shall transmit an EA TPDU with the same
- value in its YR\(hyEDTU\(hyNR\(hyparameter. If, and only if, this number
- is different
- from that of the previously received ED\ TPDU, shall it generate a T\(hyEXPEDITED
- DATA indication to convey the data to the TS\(hyuser (see Note\ 2).
- .PP
- \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ No other significance is attached to the ED\(hyTPDU\(hyNR
- parameter. It is suggested, but not essential, that the values be consecutive
- modulo\ 2\uD\dlFn\fR , where\ \fIn\fR is the number of bits of the parameter.
- .PP
- \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ This procedure ensures that the TS\(hyuser does not
- receive
- data corresponding to the same ED\ TPDU more than once.
- .RT
- .sp 1P
- .LP
- 11.2.4
- \fIRelease\fR
- .sp 9p
- .RT
- .PP
- The transport entities shall use the explicit variant of the
- release procedure (see \(sc\ 6.7).
- .RT
- .LP
- .rs
- .sp 29P
- .LP
- \fBMONTAGE:\ \fR SUITE DE LA REC.\ X.224 SUR LE RSTE DE CETTE PAGE
- .sp 1P
- .RT
- .LP
- .bp
-