InfoMagic Source Code 1993 July/THE_SOURCE_CODE_CD_ROM.iso/gnu/lucid/README

Text File | 1993-04-08 | 10.7 KB | 238 lines

Lucid GNU Emacs 19.6 is now available.  This is a version of GNU Emacs derived
from an early version of Emacs version 19 from the Free Software Foundation.

(If you are already a user of version 19.4, you might want to skip ahead to
the section labeled "Differences Between 19.4 and 19.6".)

You can get it via anonymous FTP from labrea.Stanford.EDU (36.8.0.112).
Log in with the user "anonymous" and "username@host" as a password (that is,
your email address.)  Execute the command "cd pub/gnu/lucid/".  These are
the files you will find there:

  lemacs-19.6.tar.Z
    The complete source distribution.  This file is about 9 megabytes.
    When untarred and uncompressed, the source distribution will take up
    about 22 megs. You will need an additional 12 megs or so to compile it.

  lemacs-19.6.tar.z
    The above in `gzip' format instead of `compress' format; 6 megabytes.

  lemacs-19.6-sun4.tar.Z
    This is a ready-to-run set of Sun4 executables, and a DOC file.  If
    you want to use these executables, you will still need to get the file
    lemacs-19.6.tar.Z, because Emacs cannot function very well without the
    lisp library online.  This file is about 2.8 megs, 5.3 megs when
    unpacked, 3.9 megs of which is the Emacs executable itself (2.9 megs if
    stripped.)  This version of lemacs is compiled with support for Motif
    dialog boxes and XPM files.

  lemacs-19.6-sun4.tar.z
    The above in `gzip' format instead of `compress' format; 2 megabytes.

  xpm-3.2a.tar.Z
  xpm-3.2a.tar.z
    The XPM library (optional.)

Don't forget to set "binary" mode when transferring these files.  Unpack them
with some variation of the command "zcat lemacs-19.6.tar.Z | tar -pvxf -".

You can also purchase Lucid Emacs tapes and manuals directly from Lucid.
Call [phone] or send mail to [e-mail] for current pricing,
media, and platform information.

We have created two mailing lists for discussing our Emacs.

   [e-mail]    For reporting all bugs in Lucid GNU Emacs,
                including bugs in the compilation and
                installation procedures.

   [e-mail]    For random questions and conversation
                about using Lucid GNU Emacs.

To be added or removed from these mailing lists, send mail to
[e-mail] or [e-mail].

The bug-lucid-emacs and help-lucid-emacs mailing lists are archived on labrea,
and are bidirectionally gatewayed into the newsgroups alt.lucid-emacs.bug and
alt.lucid-emacs.help.

The bug-lucid-emacs and help-lucid-emacs mailing lists are archived on labrea.

Please do not send messages about problems with Lucid GNU Emacs to the FSF
GNU Emacs newsgroups and mailing lists ([e-mail],
[e-mail], gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug, et cetera)
unless you are sure that the problem you are reporting is a problem with
both versions of GNU Emacs.  People who aren't subscribed to the Lucid GNU
Emacs mailing lists most likely are not interested in hearing about problems
with it.


Why Another Version of Emacs?
=============================

Lucid's latest product, Energize, is a C/C++ development environment.  Rather
than invent (and force our users to learn) a new user-interface, we chose to
build part of our environment on top of the world's best editor, GNU Emacs.
(Though our product is commercial, the work we did on GNU Emacs is free
software, and is useful without having to purchase our product.)

We needed a version of Emacs with mouse-sensitive regions, multiple fonts,
the ability to mark sections of a buffer as read-only, the ability to detect
which parts of a buffer has been modified, and many other features.

Why Not Epoch?
==============

For our purposes, the existing version of Epoch was not sufficient; it did
not allow us to put arbitrary pixmaps/icons in buffers, `undo' did not
restore changes to regions, regions did not overlap and merge their
attributes in the way we needed, and several other things.

We could have devoted our time to making Epoch do what we needed (and, in
fact, we spent some time doing that) but, since the FSF planned to include
Epoch-like features in their version 19, we decided that our efforts would
be better spent improving Emacs19 instead of Epoch.

Our original hope was that our changes to Emacs would be incorporated into
the "official" v19.  However, scheduling conflicts arose, and we found that,
given the amount of work still remaining to be done, we didn't have time to
merge with the FSF's code.  Consequently, we have released our work as a
forked branch of Emacs, instead of delaying any longer.

Work has begun on a merger of Epoch and Lucid Emacs.  It seems likely that
the next release of Epoch will be based on Lucid Emacs instead of GNU Emacs
from the FSF.  At some point, Lucid Emacs and Epoch will probably be the
same thing.

No Warranty
===========

Lucid Emacs is distributed under exactly the same terms as GNU Emacs, and
thus has no warranty of any kind.

However, if you have received this version of Emacs with Energize, then it is
covered by your Energize support contract.  If you have received it through
some other means, then you may buy a support contract for it from Lucid.
Send mail to [e-mail] for more information about Lucid Emacs or
Energize.

What's Different?
=================

Lucid Emacs *currently* requires an X Window System environment to run,
though it will not be much work to make it run on dumb ttys again.  We plan
to do this eventually.

We have not personally tried to compile this version of Emacs under anything
but SunOS 4.1 on SparcStations, though others have successfully done so.  We
are very eager to get feedback about portability problems from those who
compile it on other systems.

We have reimplemented the basic input model in a more general way; instead of
X input being a special-case of the normal ASCII input stream, Emacs has a
concept of "input events", and ASCII characters are a subset of that.  The
events that Emacs knows about are not X events, but are a generalization of
them, so that Emacs can eventually be ported to different window systems.

We have reimplemented keymaps so that sequences of events can be stored into
them instead of just ASCII codes; it is possible to, for example, bind
different commands to each of the chords Control-h, Control-H, Backspace,
Control-Backspace, and Super-Shift-Backspace.  Key bindings, function key
bindings, and mouse bindings live in the same keymaps.

Input and display of all ISO-8859-1 characters is supported.

You can have multiple X windows ("screens" in Emacs terminology).

Our Emacs has objects called "extents" and "faces", which are roughly
analogous to Epoch's "buttons," "zones," and "styles."  An extent is a region
of text (a start position and an end position) and a face is a collection of
textual attributes like fonts and colors.  Every extent is displayed in some
"face", so changing the properties of a face immediately updates the display
of all associated extents.  Faces can be screen-local: you can have a region
of text which displays with completely different attributes when its buffer
is viewed from a different X window.

The display attributes of faces may be specified either in lisp or through
the X resource manager.

Emacs use the MIT "Xt" toolkit instead of raw Xlib calls, which makes it be
a more well-behaved X citizen (and also improves portability).  A result of
this is that it is possible to include other Xt "Widgets" in the Emacs
window.  Also, Emacs understands the standard Xt command-line arguments.

Emacs understands the X11 "Selection" mechanism; it's possible to define
and customize selection converter functions and new selection types from
elisp, without having to recompile Emacs.

Emacs now supports the Zmacs/Lispm style of region highlighting, where the
region between the point and mark is highlighted when in its "active" state.

Emacs has a menubar, whose contents are customizable from emacs-lisp.
This menubar looks Motif-ish, but does not require Motif.  If you already
own Motif, however, you can configure Emacs to use a *real* Motif menubar
instead.  If you have OLIT ("OpenLook Intrinsics"), you can use an
OpenWindows-like menubar.

Emacs can ask questions using popup dialog boxes.  Any command executed from
a menu will ask yes/no questions with dialog boxes, while commands executed
via the keyboard will use the minibuffer.

The initial load-path is computed at run-time, instead of at compile-time.
This means that if you move the Emacs executable and associated directories
to somewhere else, you don't have to recompile anything.

Emacs now supports floating-point numbers.

Emacs now knows about timers directly, instead of them being simulated by
a subprocess.

Emacs understands truenames, and can be configured to notice when you are
visiting two names of the same file.

If you're running on the console of a Sun Sparc or SGI machine, you can
specify sound files for Emacs to play instead of the default X beep.

Much more detail about the differences between Lucid Emacs and Emacs 18 can
be found in the file .../etc/NEWS (accessible with ``C-h n''.)

Note that building Lucid Emacs requires an ANSI C compiler, like gcc, or
Lucid's own (and the galaxy's best) Lucid C/C++.


Major Differences Between 19.4 and 19.6
=======================================

There were almost no differences between versions 19.4 and 19.5; we fixed
a few minor bugs and repacked 19.4 as 19.5 for a CD-ROM that we gave away
as a trade show promotion.

The primary goal of the 19.6 release is stability, rather than improved
functionality, so there aren't many user-visible changes.  The most notable
changes are:

 - The -geometry command-line option now correctly overrides geometry
   specifications in the resource database.
 - The `width' and `height' screen-parameters work.
 - Font-lock-mode considers the comment start and end characters to be
   a part of the comment.
 - The lhilit package has been removed.  Use font-lock-mode instead.
 - vm-isearch has been fixed to work with isearch-mode.
 - new versions of ispell and calendar.
 - sccs.el has menus.

Lots of bugs were fixed, including the problem that lemacs occasionally
grabbed the keyboard focus.

Also, as of Lucid Emacs 19.6 and Energize 2.0 (shipping now) it is possible
to compile the public release of Lucid Emacs with support for Energize; so
now Energize users will be able to build their own Energize-aware versions
of lemacs, and will be able to use newer versions of lemacs as they are
released to the net.  (Of course, this is not behavior covered by your
Energize support contract; you do it at your own risk.)

I have not incorporated all portability patches that I have been sent since
19.4; I will try to get to them soon.  However, if you need to make any
changes to lemacs to get it to compile on your system, it would be quite
helpful if you would send me context diffs (diff -c) against version 19.6.