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- These are the rules of Shogi, as distributed by the Shogi-l listserver.
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- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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-
- S H O G I R U L E S
- ====================
-
-
- Shogi is a Japanese board game played by two players.
- The object of the game is to capture the opponent's King.
- Shogi is played on a nine-by-nine board. The vertical rows are called files,
- the horizontal ones ranks or just rows. Each player has twenty pieces:
- one King, two Gold Generals, two Silver Generals, two kNights,
- two Lances, one Rook, one Bishop and nine Pawns.
- The player moving up the board and making the first move is referred to as
- black and his opponent white, although in Shogi sets all pieces have the
- same colour. They are differentiated only in direction: pieces pointing
- away from a player are his. The pieces lie flat on the board and have
- their Japanese name written on them.
- The notation system and the inital setup in ASCII representation can be
- found in the file SHOGI.BOARD.
-
-
- THE MOVES
- ---------
-
- King: one step in any direction per move
- Gold General: one step per move any way except diagnoally backward
- (as a king but not diagonally backward)
- Silver General: one step per move forwards or diagonally
- (as a king but not sideways or vertically backward)
- Knight: one step to left or right, and two steps forward
- (the only piece which may jump over other pieces)
- Rook: moves vertically or horizontally any distance
- Bishop: moves diagonally any distance
- Lance: moves forward any distance
- Pawn: one step forward
-
- Apart from the King and the Gold General all pieces can promote.
- After promotion their moves are as follows:
- + Promoted Silver, promoted kNight, promoted Lance and promoted Pawn all
- move as a Gold.
- + The promoted Rook in addition to the moves of the unpromoted Rook can
- move one step in the diagonal directions. It either moves like a Rook
- or like a King.
- + The promoted Bishop in addition to the moves of the unpromoted Bishop
- can move one step horizontally or vertically. It either moves like a
- Bishop or like a King.
-
-
- PROMOTION
- ---------
-
- The three rows furthest away from a player are called the promotion zone. Apart
- from the King and the Gold, any piece can be promoted to a more powerful piece
- when it makes a move completely or partly in the promotion zone. So, when a
- piece moves into, out of or fully inside the promotion zone it may be promoted
- upon completion of its move. Promotion is optional, provided that the piece
- still can make a legal move in case it is not promoted: if a Pawn or a Lance
- move to the last row, or a Knight moves to either of the last two rows, it must
- be promoted. In Shogi sets promoting a piece is done by turning this piece
- upside down. Its promoted name is written on its other side.
-
-
- CAPTURING AND DROPPING PIECES
- -----------------------------
-
- When one piece moves onto the same square as an opponent's piece, the
- opponent's piece is captured. All pieces capture in the same way that they
- move. Captured pieces become part of the capturer's force. In a later move,
- instead of moving a piece on the board, a player may put a piece that he
- has captured from his opponent back onto the board, in an empty square.
- This is called dropping a piece. Pieces are always dropped unpromoted: if
- a promoted piece is captured, it reverts to its unpromoted rank.
- Pieces may be dropped on any empty square on the board with only three
- restrictions:
- 1) After dropping a piece it must be able to make a legal move. This applies
- to Pawns, Knights or Lances. They may not be dropped onto a square from
- which they will never be able to move.
- 2) Attacking the King by dropping a Pawn on the square in front of him is not
- allowed if the King cannot prevent being captured on the following move.
- To use the Chess expression: checkmating the King with a Pawn drop is
- prohibited.
- 3) A pawn may only be dropped on a file (vertical row) if there is no other
- unpromoted pawn of the same player on that file.
-
-
- DRAWS
- -----
-
- The game of Shogi has very few draws (roughly 1 percent), mainly because of
- the possibility to drop pieces. Draws cannot be offered and can arise from
- two situations:
- 1) A position (including the pieces in hand) occurs 4 times with the same
- player to move ("Sennichite"). However, if this is caused by consecutive
- checks (direct attacks on the King, threatening to capture it on the next
- move) by one side, the player giving these checks loses the game.
- 2) Both players have moved their King into the the promotion zone (or they
- cannot be prevented to do so) and the Kings cannot be checkmated. In
- that case the players may decide to count their pieces where the King does
- not count, the Rook and Bishop count as 5 points, and all other pieces as
- one point. Promotion is disregarded. If both players have at least 24
- points the game is a draw ("Jishogi"). If a player has less, he loses the
- game.
- Of course, a player can refuse to count pieces when he still has mating
- chances or chances to gain material which would affect the outcome of the
- counting. There is no strict rule about what to do if this is not the case,
- but nonetheless a player refuses to count up (e.g. because he does not have
- enough points for a draw). It has been generally accepted that in such a
- case the game ends and the pieces are counted after one player has managed
- to get all his pieces protected in the promotion zone.
-
- Chris Sterritt and Pieter Stouten, 12-th June 1990.
- Last revision 9-th October 1991 - Draws (Jishogi rule).
-
-